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The general articulation of the issue and its connection with the important research and practice tasks. Nowadays themassive flow of information and vast amount of scientific journals has led to the situation when scientists do not havetime to keep up with all the latest developments in the areas of their scientific interests. Clarivate, a company whichprovides access to the Web of Science Core Collection, has estimated that a scientist manages to read just up to 200articles a year on the subject of his/her research. Thus, there is a problem, both for scientific journals and for individualscientists – to ensure the «visibility» of their achievements to the professional community. Limited access to scientificpapers for various reasons – language environment, the availability of a printed version solely, difficult site navigation, orcompulsory prepayment for the access to a resourse – all these facts significantly limit the «visibility» of a scientist, thatinfluences his/her recognition in the professional field and amount of citations. Although the problem is sensitive for allinternational scientific community, our research is principally focused on the Ukrainian academic environment.The analysis of the recent publications regarding the issues this article deals with, identification of parts of thegeneral problem that have not been previously addressed. The issues considering what tools and how methodologiesfor evaluating results in the Ukrainian academic society are used, have been scrutinized in numerous publications ofUkrainian scholars, including A. Mazaraki, N. Prytulska, S. Melnychenko, V. Kirvas, I. Sazonets, L. Kostenko, O. Halchevskaand others. The works of M. Sokolov, Yu. Hranivskiy, Yu. Sharabchiyev, D. Hicks, P.Wouters, L.Waltman and other foreignresearchers on application of the existing scientometric databases used by scientists in the world are also of greatinterest. Whereas being vitaly topical for Ukrainian academic community, the issue is considered not sufficiently studied.The purpose (the objective) of this article. The main purpose of the study is to find out how the evaluation ofscientific results, which is based on the publishing activity of a scientist, is made in Ukraine, and to formulate certainrecommendations regarding the development of the system of public evaluation for scientific achievements.The key results and the background. The analysis of the Ukrainian research materials presented on internationalplatforms such as Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar has revealed the fact that the largest number of Ukrainianscientists' cited works can be observed in Physics, Mathematics, Life Sciences and Chemistry. Whereas the level ofcitation of Ukrainian scholars that are engaged in Pedagogy, Social Sciences, Economics, Agricultural Sciences andHumanities is dramatically low. The most probable reason for that is the lack of interest among international scientificcommunity in Ukrainian scientific research in these areas, perhaps, due to the fact that the majority of the researchesin the corresponding social sciences are basically aimed at Ukrainian realities.The most probable reason for this situation is the fact that the majority of the researches in the corresponding socialsciences are basically focused on Ukrainian realities which is not the issue of a great interest among internationalscientific community. It was also pointed out that the Ukrainian scientific community was concerned rather with the drastic and suddenchanges in the requirenments, than with the very fact to publish the results of its own researches on the Web ofScience and Scopus platforms. Accordingly, it was proposed to launch national scientometric platforms, following theexperience of China, India, Russia, Japan and Korea in this issue, and the results of a national scientometric platformshould be included in the licensing, accreditation and certification requirements. It should also be beard in mindthat if the assessment of scientific performance is based solely on the number of citations of a scientist, it can leadto the «artificial winding» by using self-citation. To avoid such negative consequences the assessment of a scientists'performance should combine their citation rate, training and certification, expert work, etc.Conclusions and the prospects of the further research. When evaluating scientists' activity results the priorityshould be given to promoting the development of those scientific researches, which are in significant demand inUkrainian society, and the support for our scientists should be in particular focuse of the government. The increase ofUkrainian science «visibility» on international level, may be achieved by stimulation at the state level the initiative of aheightening in the number of registered domestic scientific publications on the Web of Science and Scopus platforms. The evaluation of scientific work results, which is based only on the number of citations, or indicators of the numberof articles posted on the platforms of Web of Science and Scopus, may cause false understanding of the significance ofscientific developments and loss of innovation authenticity of the national science. To motivate scientists and scholarsand increase their efficiency, it is necessary to develop an adequate model for evaluating the results of their researchwork, which should be based on a reasonable combination of different types of scientific activities: publication andcitation of scientific papers, training, expert work, etc. This may be a prospective issue for the further research.Keywords: evaluation of scientific result; public science policy; metrics of Ukrainian science. ; Питання ефективної оцінки результатів наукової роботи українських учених викликає тривалі дискусії. Упровадження на законодавчому рівні застосування наукометричних показників для оцінки наукової роботи українських учених привело до поляризації цього дискурсу. За мету статті було поставлено дослідження обґрунтованості використання публікаційної активності вченого у виданнях, які індексуються в міжнародних наукометричних базах як оцінки результатів наукової роботи. Науковим базисом представленого дослідження стали роботи вітчизнянихта зарубіжних учених, а також дані платформ Scopus та Google Scholar. Аналіз наукових профілів українських учених у різних галузях науки показав, що через національну або регіональну спрямованість соціальних і гуманітарних наук спостерігається їх низька, порівняно з природничими науками, цитованість. Автори вважають, що не правильно оцінювати результати наукової роботи вчених лише на основі публікацій у виданнях, які індексуються в міжнародних наукометричних базах. Стаття показує, що державна наукова політика, яка оцінює кваліфікацію вчених лише шляхом публікації в наукометричних виданнях, ризикує втратити національний напрям досліджень. Подальші дослідження мають бути спрямовані на розробку адекватної оцінки наукової роботи українських учених, яка буде органічно враховувати галузь знань та значущість наукових розробок для міжнародної та вітчизняної наукової спільноти. Ключові слова: оцінка наукового результату; державна наукова політика; метрики української науки.

The general articulation of the issue and its connection with the important research and practice tasks. Nowadays themassive flow of information and vast amount of scientific journals has led to the situation when scientists do not havetime to keep up with all the latest developments in the areas of their scientific interests. Clarivate, a company whichprovides access to the Web of Science Core Collection, has estimated that a scientist manages to read just up to 200articles a year on the subject of his/her research. Thus, there is a problem, both for scientific journals and for individualscientists – to ensure the «visibility» of their achievements to the professional community. Limited access to scientificpapers for various reasons – language environment, the availability of a printed version solely, difficult site navigation, orcompulsory prepayment for the access to a resourse – all these facts significantly limit the «visibility» of a scientist, thatinfluences his/her recognition in the professional field and amount of citations. Although the problem is sensitive for allinternational scientific community, our research is principally focused on the Ukrainian academic environment.The analysis of the recent publications regarding the issues this article deals with, identification of parts of thegeneral problem that have not been previously addressed. The issues considering what tools and how methodologiesfor evaluating results in the Ukrainian academic society are used, have been scrutinized in numerous publications ofUkrainian scholars, including A. Mazaraki, N. Prytulska, S. Melnychenko, V. Kirvas, I. Sazonets, L. Kostenko, O. Halchevskaand others. The works of M. Sokolov, Yu. Hranivskiy, Yu. Sharabchiyev, D. Hicks, P.Wouters, L.Waltman and other foreignresearchers on application of the existing scientometric databases used by scientists in the world are also of greatinterest. Whereas being vitaly topical for Ukrainian academic community, the issue is considered not sufficiently studied.The purpose (the objective) of this article. The main purpose of the study is to find out how the evaluation ofscientific results, which is based on the publishing activity of a scientist, is made in Ukraine, and to formulate certainrecommendations regarding the development of the system of public evaluation for scientific achievements.The key results and the background. The analysis of the Ukrainian research materials presented on internationalplatforms such as Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar has revealed the fact that the largest number of Ukrainianscientists' cited works can be observed in Physics, Mathematics, Life Sciences and Chemistry. Whereas the level ofcitation of Ukrainian scholars that are engaged in Pedagogy, Social Sciences, Economics, Agricultural Sciences andHumanities is dramatically low. The most probable reason for that is the lack of interest among international scientificcommunity in Ukrainian scientific research in these areas, perhaps, due to the fact that the majority of the researchesin the corresponding social sciences are basically aimed at Ukrainian realities.The most probable reason for this situation is the fact that the majority of the researches in the corresponding socialsciences are basically focused on Ukrainian realities which is not the issue of a great interest among internationalscientific community. It was also pointed out that the Ukrainian scientific community was concerned rather with the drastic and suddenchanges in the requirenments, than with the very fact to publish the results of its own researches on the Web ofScience and Scopus platforms. Accordingly, it was proposed to launch national scientometric platforms, following theexperience of China, India, Russia, Japan and Korea in this issue, and the results of a national scientometric platformshould be included in the licensing, accreditation and certification requirements. It should also be beard in mindthat if the assessment of scientific performance is based solely on the number of citations of a scientist, it can leadto the «artificial winding» by using self-citation. To avoid such negative consequences the assessment of a scientists'performance should combine their citation rate, training and certification, expert work, etc.Conclusions and the prospects of the further research. When evaluating scientists' activity results the priorityshould be given to promoting the development of those scientific researches, which are in significant demand inUkrainian society, and the support for our scientists should be in particular focuse of the government. The increase ofUkrainian science «visibility» on international level, may be achieved by stimulation at the state level the initiative of aheightening in the number of registered domestic scientific publications on the Web of Science and Scopus platforms. The evaluation of scientific work results, which is based only on the number of citations, or indicators of the numberof articles posted on the platforms of Web of Science and Scopus, may cause false understanding of the significance ofscientific developments and loss of innovation authenticity of the national science. To motivate scientists and scholarsand increase their efficiency, it is necessary to develop an adequate model for evaluating the results of their researchwork, which should be based on a reasonable combination of different types of scientific activities: publication andcitation of scientific papers, training, expert work, etc. This may be a prospective issue for the further research.Keywords: evaluation of scientific result; public science policy; metrics of Ukrainian science. ; Питання ефективної оцінки результатів наукової роботи українських учених викликає тривалі дискусії. Упровадження на законодавчому рівні застосування наукометричних показників для оцінки наукової роботи українських учених привело до поляризації цього дискурсу. За мету статті було поставлено дослідження обґрунтованості використання публікаційної активності вченого у виданнях, які індексуються в міжнародних наукометричних базах як оцінки результатів наукової роботи. Науковим базисом представленого дослідження стали роботи вітчизнянихта зарубіжних учених, а також дані платформ Scopus та Google Scholar. Аналіз наукових профілів українських учених у різних галузях науки показав, що через національну або регіональну спрямованість соціальних і гуманітарних наук спостерігається їх низька, порівняно з природничими науками, цитованість. Автори вважають, що не правильно оцінювати результати наукової роботи вчених лише на основі публікацій у виданнях, які індексуються в міжнародних наукометричних базах. Стаття показує, що державна наукова політика, яка оцінює кваліфікацію вчених лише шляхом публікації в наукометричних виданнях, ризикує втратити національний напрям досліджень. Подальші дослідження мають бути спрямовані на розробку адекватної оцінки наукової роботи українських учених, яка буде органічно враховувати галузь знань та значущість наукових розробок для міжнародної та вітчизняної наукової спільноти. Ключові слова: оцінка наукового результату; державна наукова політика; метрики української науки.

Earthworms are an important soil taxon as ecosystem engineers, providing a variety of crucial ecosystem functions and services. Little is known about their diversity and distribution at large spatial scales, despite the availability of considerable amounts of local-scale data. Earthworm diversity data, obtained from the primary literature or provided directly by authors, were collated with information on site locations, including coordinates, habitat cover, and soil properties. Datasets were required, at a minimum, to include abundance or biomass of earthworms at a site. Where possible, site-level species lists were included, as well as the abundance and biomass of individual species and ecological groups. This global dataset contains 10,840 sites, with 184 species, from 60 countries and all continents except Antarctica. The data were obtained from 182 published articles, published between 1973 and 2017, and 17 unpublished datasets. Amalgamating data into a single global database will assist researchers in investigating and answering a wide variety of pressing questions, for example, jointly assessing aboveground and belowground biodiversity distributions and drivers of biodiversity change. ; H.R.P.P., B.K-R., and the sWorm workshops were supported by the sDiv [Synthesis Centre of the German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig (DFG FZT 118)]. H.R.P.P., O.F. and N.E. acknowledge funding by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement no. 677232 to NE). K.S.R. and W.H.v.d.P. were supported by ERC-ADV grant 323020 to W.H.v.d.P. Also supported by iDiv (DFG FZT118) Flexpool proposal 34600850 (C.A.G. and N.E.); the Academy of Finland (285882) and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (postdoctoral fellowship and RGPIN-2019-05758) (E.K.C.); German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (01LO0901A) (D.J.R.); ERC-AdG 694368 (M.R.); the TULIP Laboratory of Excellence (ANR-10-LABX-41) (M.L); and the BBSRC David Phillips Fellowship to F.T.d.V. (BB/L02456X/1). In addition, data collection was funded by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (12-04-01538-а, 12-04-01734-a, 14-44-03666-r_center_a, 15-29-02724-ofi_m, 16-04-01878-a 19-05-00245, 19-04-00-609-a); Tarbiat Modares University; Aurora Organic Dairy; UGC(NERO) (F. 1-6/Acctt./NERO/2007-08/1485); Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (RGPIN-2017-05391); Slovak Research and Development Agency (APVV-0098-12); Science for Global Development through Wageningen University; Norman Borlaug LEAP Programme and International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); São Paulo Research Foundation - FAPESP (12/22510-8); Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station; INIA - Spanish Agency (SUM 2006-00012-00-0); Royal Canadian Geographical Society; Environmental Protection Agency (Ireland) (2005-S-LS-8); University of Hawai'i at Mānoa (HAW01127H; HAW01123M); European Union FP7 (FunDivEurope, 265171; ROUTES 265156); U.S. Department of the Navy, Commander Pacific Fleet (W9126G-13-2-0047); Science and Engineering Research Board (SB/SO/AS-030/2013) Department of Science and Technology, New Delhi, India; Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) of the U.S. Department of Defense (RC-1542); Maranhão State Research Foundation (FAPEMA 03135/13, 02471/17); Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES 3281/2013); Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic (LTT17033); Colorado Wheat Research Foundation; Zone Atelier Alpes, French National Research Agency (ANR-11-BSV7-020-01, ANR-09-STRA-02-01, ANR 06 BIODIV 009-01); Austrian Science Fund (P16027, T441); Landwirtschaftliche Rentenbank Frankfurt am Main; Welsh Government and the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (Project Ref. A AAB 62 03 qA731606); SÉPAQ, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry of Finland; Science Foundation Ireland (EEB0061); University of Toronto (Faculty of Forestry); National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Haliburton Forest & Wildlife Reserve; NKU College of Arts & Sciences Grant; Österreichische Forschungsförderungsgesellschaft (837393 and 837426); Mountain Agriculture Research Unit of the University of Innsbruck; Higher Education Commission of Pakistan; Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi, Kerala; UNEP/GEF/TSBF-CIAT Project on Conservation and Sustainable Management of Belowground Biodiversity; Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry of Finland; Complutense University of Madrid/European Union FP7 project BioBio (FPU UCM 613520); GRDC; AWI; LWRRDC; DRDC; CONICET (National Scientific and Technical Research Council) and FONCyT (National Agency of Scientific and Technological Promotion) (PICT, PAE, PIP), Universidad Nacional de Luján y FONCyT (PICT 2293 (2006)); Fonds de recherche sur la nature et les technologies du Québec (131894); Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SCHR1000/3-1, SCHR1000/6-1, 6-2 (FOR 1598), WO 670/7-1, WO 670/7-2, & SCHA 1719/1-2), CONACYT (FONDOS MIXTOS TABASCO/PROYECTO11316); NSF (DGE-0549245, DGE-0549245, DEB-BE-0909452, NSF1241932, LTER Program DEB-97–14835); Institute for Environmental Science and Policy at the University of Illinois at Chicago; Dean's Scholar Program at UIC; Garden Club of America Zone VI Fellowship in Urban Forestry from the Casey Tree Endowment Fund; J.E. Weaver Competitive Grant from the Nebraska Chapter of The Nature Conservancy; The College of Liberal Arts and Sciences at Depaul University; Elmore Hadley Award for Research in Ecology and Evolution from the UIC Dept. of Biological Sciences, Spanish CICYT (AMB96-1161; REN2000-0783/GLO; REN2003-05553/GLO; REN2003-03989/GLO; CGL2007-60661/BOS); Yokohama National University; MEXT KAKENHI (25220104); Japan Society for the Promotion of Science KAKENHI (25281053, 17KT0074, 25252026); ADEME (0775C0035); Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities of Spain (CGL2017-86926-P); Syngenta Philippines; UPSTREAM; LTSER (Val Mazia/Matschertal); Marie Sklodowska Curie Postdoctoral Fellowship (747607); National Science & Technology Base Resource Survey Project of China (2018FY100306); McKnight Foundation (14–168); Program of Fundamental Researches of Presidium of Russian Academy of Sciences (AААА-A18–118021490070–5); Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq 310690/2017–0, 404191/2019–3, 307486/2013–3); French Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs; Bavarian Ministry for Food, Agriculture and Forestry (Project No B62); INRA AIDY project; MIUR PRIN 2008; Idaho Agricultural Experiment Station; Estonian Science Foundation; Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Canada; Russian Science Foundation (16-17-10284); National Natural Science Foundation of China (41371270); Australian Research Council (FT120100463); USDA Forest Service-IITF. ; Peer reviewed

Organizational production of agricultural products is used to preserve the natural environment and to preserve the quality of the products. The development of organic wines in the light of 100 years and over the course of the period has become insane, as for the correct organization of it, you can preserve ecological, social, and commercial transfers. The organizational structure has become a warehouse part of the bio-economy and circular economy, which is a priority for the economic development of the European Union, the USA, Great Britain, the Great Britain, the Republic of Korea, Japan, and the United States of America.For determining the prospects and problems of organic production of agricultural products, general scientific methods were used such as publicity, systematization, analysis, and synthesis, of the scientific literature and normative documents. For an additional analysis of regulatory documents, a procedure for certifying the authorities of the United States, the European Union and Ukraine has been established.Ukraine, in turn, began to take the first steps towards organic production in the late 1990s. It was at this time that she began to grow organic grain and opened export lines for its transportation to other countries, mainly Europe. Ukraine remains a leader in the production and export of organic cereals. Export competitive advantages of national agar products are lower production costs and logistics support.Ukraine continues to increase its organic production capacity - an increasing number of operators are appearing in this sector of agricultural production. As of 2019, the share of organic production of crop products in Ukraine is 1.4% (5th place in the world in terms of growth rate of organic agriculture), which is 467.9 thousand hectares of the total area of agricultural land in 32, 7 million hectares, as well as 470 operators of organic production. The dynamics of changes in organic agricultural production in Ukraine indicates a general trend of increasing their number, but in some periods, there is a decrease due to the economic and political situation in the country and changes in legislation in this area.Ukraine has significant advantages of organic production, which include a high level of soil fertility, favorable climatic conditions, traditional orientation as an agrarian state. Also, the price of Ukrainian products is lower than the minimum price of organic products of European countries. In the organic production of crops use methods that optimize the biological activity of soils, provide a balanced supply of nutrients to plants.At the same time, there are problems in Ukraine that hinder the development of organic production. In particular, the diversity of the territory in terms of the level of pollution of environmental components, lack of practical application of innovations and modern technologies of agricultural production. The lack of state support for organic producers and state certification system (including qualified specialists for its implementation).Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine of October 21, 2020, № 1032 "On approval of the Procedure for certification of organic production and / or circulation of organic products and amendments to the resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine of October 23, 2019, № 970" approved the stages of certification.Was made the comparison of approaches to the certification of agricultural enterprises in Ukraine shows that they meet European and American standards. However, the absence of a state certification body that certifies organic producers and accredits private certification bodies makes it impossible for state control over organic market operators and the functioning of state certification. The current certification system in Ukraine does not cover the issue of soil contamination or other components of environment, which may affect the quality and safety of organic products. In Ukraine, enterprises in various sectors of the economy use outdated technologies, which can cause soil contamination of agricultural lands, and, accordingly, affect the quality of organic products.Currently, the Laws of Ukraine and the Cabinet of Ministers do not require: the location of the organic agricultural enterprise; content of harmful substances in the soil (including the content of radionuclides and pesticide residues); content in the soil of nutrients that can ensure the production of quality agricultural products and confirm the activities of the farm aimed at maintaining soil fertility.To guarantee the quality of organic products, it is advisable in the certification procedure to consider the level of fertility and soil contamination of agricultural lands, as well as the availability of sources of environmental pollution in the location of the organic producer. Given the above, it is advisable to introduce criteria for assessing the compliance of soils with the requirements of organic production. This approach can guarantee the safety and quality of organic products.During the organization of organic production of agricultural products in Ukraine, the issues of criteria for assessing compliance with regulatory requirements, documentation to be kept by the operator of organic production, etc. ; Органічне виробництво сільськогосподарської продукції створює умови для збереження навколишнього природного середовища та забезпечення якості продуктів харчування. З метою ефективного впровадження та розвитку ринку органічної сільськогосподарської продукції в Україні актуальним є дослідження підходів до сертифікації в Україні та світі. Завданням цієї роботи було встановлення перспектив та проблем органічного виробництва сільськогосподарської продукції в Україні. Для проведення досліджень було використано загальнонаукові методи, зокрема, узагальнення, систематизація, аналіз та синтез наукової літератури та нормативних документів.Було показано, що в Україні до переваг ведення органічного виробництва відносяться високий рівень родючості грунтів і сприятливі кліматичні умови. Проблемами, які перешкоджають розвитку органічного виробництва, є строкатість території за рівнем забруднення компонентів довкілля, відсутність держаної системи сертифікації та кваліфікованих спеціалістів для її проведення. Порівняння підходів до сертифікації сільськогосподарських підприємств в Україні та інших розвинутих державах показало відповідність національних підходів європейським та американським стандартам. Проте відсутність державного сертифікаційного органу унеможливлює державний контроль за операторами органічного ринку та функціонування державної сертифікації вцілому. З метою гарантування якості органічної продукції у процедурі сертифікації потрібно враховувати рівень родючості і забруднення грунтів сільськогосподарських угідь, а також наявність джерел забруднення навколишнього природного середовища території розміщення оператора органічного виробництва.Для організації органічного виробництва сільськогосподарської продукції в Україні відкритими залишаються питання критеріїв оцінювання відповідності операторів органічного виробництва нормативним вимогам документації, тощо.

Researchers increasingly use meta-analysis to synthesize the results of several studies in order to estimate a common effect. When the outcome variable is continuous, standard meta-analytic approaches assume that the primary studies report the sample mean and standard deviation of the outcome. However, when the outcome is skewed, authors sometimes summarize the data by reporting the sample median and one or both of (i) the minimum and maximum values and (ii) the first and third quartiles, but do not report the mean or standard deviation. To include these studies in meta-analysis, several methods have been developed to estimate the sample mean and standard deviation from the reported summary data. A major limitation of these widely used methods is that they assume that the outcome distribution is normal, which is unlikely to be tenable for studies reporting medians. We propose two novel approaches to estimate the sample mean and standard deviation when data are suspected to be non-normal. Our simulation results and empirical assessments show that the proposed methods often perform better than the existing methods when applied to non-normal data. ; anadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) KRS-134297 Fonds de recherche du Quebec -Sante (FRQS) Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) FRQS Masters Training Awards Vanier Canada Graduate Scholarship FRQS Postdoctoral Training Fellowship Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre G.R. Caverhill Fellowship from the Faculty of Medicine, McGill University Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary Alberta Health Services through the Calgary Health Trust Hotchkiss Brain Institute Senior Health Scholar award from Alberta Innovates Health Solutions Health Research Council of New Zealand Lundbeck International Tehran University of Medical Sciences M-288 Department of Education, National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research, Spinal Cord Injury Model Systems: University of Washington H133N060033 Baylor College of Medicine H133N060003 University of Michigan System H133N060032 National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia 1002160 Safe Work Australia Australian Research Council FT130101444 European Foundation for Study of Diabetes Chinese Diabetes Society Lilly Foundation Asia Diabetes Foundation Liao Wun Yuk Diabetes Memorial Fund United States National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) grant 5F30MH096664 United States Department of Health & Human Services National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA United States Department of Health & Human Services National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA NIH Fogarty International Center (FIC) United States Department of Health & Human Services National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA National Cancer Center United States Department of Health & Human Services National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA NIH National Heart Lung & Blood Institute (NHLBI) NIH Office of Research for Women's Health through the Fogarty Global Health Fellows Program Consortium 1R25TW00934001 American Recovery and Reinvestment Act United States Department of Health & Human Services National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA NIH National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) R24MH071604 / R34 MH072925/ K02 MH65919 / P30 DK50456 / R24 MH56858 / RO1 MH073687 /RO1-MH069666 / R34MH084673 /R24 MH071604 United States Department of Health & Human Services Centers for Disease Control & Prevention - USA R49 CE002093 St Anne's Community Services, Leeds, UK US National Center for Medical Rehabilitation Research RO1 HD39415 Federal Ministry of Education & Research (BMBF) 01GY1150 United States Department of Health & Human Services National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA T37 MD001449 / T32 GM07356 Ohio Board of Regents Research and Development Administration Office, University of Macau MYRG2015-00109-FSS Federal Ministry of Education & Research (BMBF) 01 GD 9802/4 ; 01 GD 0101 Federation of German Pension Insurance Institute Federal Ministry of Education & Research (BMBF) Perpetual Trustees Flora and Frank Leith Charitable Trust Jack Brockhoff Foundation Grosvenor Settlement Sunshine Foundation Danks Trust Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) FRN 83518 Scleroderma Society of Canada Scleroderma Society of Ontario Scleroderma Society of Saskatchewan Sclerodermie Quebec Cure Scleroderma Foundation Inova Diagnostics Inc Euroimmun FRQS Canadian Arthritis Network Lady Davis Institute of Medical Research of the Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC FRQS Senior Investigator Award National Strategic Reference Framework European Union (EU) Greek Ministry of Education, Lifelong Learning and Religious Affairs (ARISTEIA-ABREVIATE) 1259 Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Japan UK National Institute for Health Research under its Programme Grants for Applied Research Programme RP-PG-0606-1142 Canada Research Chair in Neurological Health Services Research AIHS Population Health Investigator Award National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia 1088313 Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development 945-03-047 National Health Research Institutes - Taiwan NHRI-EX97-9706PI Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand 49086 Reitoria de Pesquisa da Universidade de Sao Paulo 09.1.01689.17.7 Banco Santander 10.1.01232.17.9 Pfizer medical faculty of the University of Heidelberg, Germany 121/2000 Research University Grant Scheme from Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia Postgraduate Research Student Support Accounts of the University of Auckland, New Zealand National Program for Centers of Excellence (PRONEX/FAPERGS/CNPq, Brazil) Pfizer US Pharmaceutical Inc. PQ-CNPq-2 301321/2016-7 Belgian Ministry of Public Health and Social Affairs Pfizer Ministry of Health, Italy UK National Health Service Lothian Neuro-Oncology Endowment Fund Universiti Sains Malaysia United States Department of Health & Human Services United States Health Resources & Service Administration (HRSA) R40MC07840 United States Department of Health & Human Services Agency for Healthcare Research & Quality R36 HS018246 United States Department of Health & Human Services National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA NIH National Center for Research Resources (NCRR) TL1 RR024135 University of Melbourne Hunter Medical Research Institute Innovatiefonds Zorgverzekeraars Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development (ZonMw) Mental Health Program 100.003.005 100.002.021 Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam Fund for Innovation and Competitiveness of the Chilean Ministry of Economy, Development and Tourism, through the Millennium Scientific Initiative IS130005 US Department of Veteran Affairs US Department of Veteran Affairs United States Department of Health & Human Services National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA NIH National Heart Lung & Blood Institute (NHLBI) R01 HL079235 American Federation for Ageing Research Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF) Ischemia Research and Education Foundation

Full author list: A J Shajib, S Birrer, T Treu, A Agnello, E J Buckley-Geer, J H H Chan, L Christensen, C Lemon, H Lin, M Millon, J Poh, C E Rusu, D Sluse, C Spiniello, G C-F Chen, T Collett, F Courbin, C D Fassnacht, J Frieman, A Galan, D Gilman, A More, T Anguita, M W Auger, V Bonvin, R McMahon, G Meylan, K C Wong, T M C Abbott, J Annis, S Avila, K Bechtol, D Brooks, D Brout, D L Burke, A Carnero Rosell, M Carrasco Kind, J Carretero, F J Castander, M Costanzi, L N da Costa, J De Vicente, S Desai, J P Dietrich, P Doel, A Drlica-Wagner, A E Evrard, D A Finley, B Flaugher, P Fosalba, J García-Bellido, D W Gerdes, D Gruen, R A Gruendl, J Gschwend, G Gutierrez, D L Hollowood, K Honscheid, D Huterer, D J James, T Jeltema, E Krause, N Kuropatkin, T S Li, M Lima, N MacCrann, M A G Maia, J L Marshall, P Melchior, R Miquel, R L C Ogando, A Palmese, F Paz-Chinchón, A A Plazas, A K Romer, A Roodman, M Sako, E Sanchez, B Santiago, V Scarpine, M Schubnell, D Scolnic, S Serrano, I Sevilla-Noarbe, M Smith, M Soares-Santos, E Suchyta, G Tarle, D Thomas, A R Walker, Y Zhang ; We present a blind time-delay cosmographic analysis for the lens system DES J0408-5354. This system is extraordinary for the presence of two sets of multiple images at different redshifts, which provide the opportunity to obtain more information at the cost of increased modelling complexity with respect to previously analysed systems. We perform detailed modelling of the mass distribution for this lens system using three band Hubble Space Telescope imaging. We combine the measured time delays, line-of-sight central velocity dispersion of the deflector, and statistically constrained external convergence with our lens models to estimate two cosmological distances. We measure the 'effective' time-delay distance corresponding to the redshifts of the deflector and the lensed quasar DΔ t eff=3382-115+146 Mpc and the angular diameter distance to the deflector Dd = 1711-280+376 Mpc, with covariance between the two distances. From these constraints on the cosmological distances, we infer the Hubble constant H0= 74.2-3.0+2.7 km s-1 Mpc-1 assuming a flat ΛCDM cosmology and a uniform prior for ωm as \Omega m ∼ \mathcal {U(0.05, 0.5). This measurement gives the most precise constraint on H0 to date from a single lens. Our measurement is consistent with that obtained from the previous sample of six lenses analysed by the H0 Lenses in COSMOGRAIL's Wellspring (H0LiCOW) collaboration. It is also consistent with measurements of H0 based on the local distance ladder, reinforcing the tension with the inference from early Universe probes, for example, with 2.2σ discrepancy from the cosmic microwave background measurement. ; TT acknowledges support by the Packard Foundation through a Packard Research fellowship and by the National Science Foundation through NSF grants AST-1714953 and AST-1906976. This project is partly funded by the Danish council for independent research under the project 'Fundamentals of Dark Matter Structures', DFF - 6108-00470. AA was supported by a grant from VILLUM FONDEN (project number 16599). JHHC, MM, CL, DS, FC, and AG acknowledge support from the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) and by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (COSMICLENS: grant agreement No 787866). CS has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions grant agreement No 664931. GCFC acknowledges support from the Ministry of Education in Taiwan via Government Scholarship to Study Abroad (GSSA). CDF and GCFC acknowledge support for this work from the National Science Foundation under Grant No AST-1715611. TA acknowledges support from Proyecto FONDECYT N○ 1190335. KCW was supported by World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI Initiative), MEXT, Japan. This work used computational and storage services associated with the Hoffman2 Shared Cluster provided by UCLA Institute for Digital Research and Education's Research Technology Group. This work used the Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE) through allocation TG-AST190038, which is supported by National Science Foundation grant number ACI-1548562 (Towns et al. 2014). Specifically, this work used the Comet and Oasis system at the San Diego Supercomputer Center (SDSC), and the Bridges system, which is supported by NSF award number ACI-1445606, at the Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center (PSC, Nystrom et al. 2015). AJS thanks Smadar Naoz for providing access to additional computing nodes on the Hoffman2 Shared Cluster and Khalid Jawed for assisting with additional computational resources from the Structures–Computer Interaction Laboratory at UCLA. The DES data management system is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant Numbers AST-1138766 and AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MINECO under grants AYA2015-71825, ESP2015-66861, FPA2015-68048, SEV-2016-0588, SEV-2016-0597, and MDM-2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. IFAE is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) including ERC grant agreements 240672, 291329, and 306478. We acknowledge support from the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics (CAASTRO), through project number CE110001020, and the Brazilian Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT) e-Universe (CNPq grant 465376/2014-2).

The DES Collaboration: et al. ; In time-delay cosmography, three of the key ingredients are (1) determining the velocity dispersion of the lensing galaxy, (2) identifying galaxies and groups along the line of sight with sufficient proximity and mass to be included in the mass model, and (3) estimating the external convergence κext from less massive structures that are not included in the mass model. We present results on all three of these ingredients for two time-delay lensed quad quasar systems, DES J0408–5354 and WGD 2038–4008 . We use the Gemini, Magellan, and VLT telescopes to obtain spectra to both measure the stellar velocity dispersions of the main lensing galaxies and to identify the line-of-sight galaxies in these systems. Next, we identify 10 groups in DES J0408–5354 and two groups in WGD 2038–4008 using a group-finding algorithm. We then identify the most significant galaxy and galaxy-group perturbers using the 'flexion shift' criterion. We determine the probability distribution function of the external convergence κext for both of these systems based on our spectroscopy and on the DES-only multiband wide-field observations. Using weighted galaxy counts, calibrated based on the Millennium Simulation, we find that DES J0408–5354 is located in a significantly underdense environment, leading to a tight (width ∼3 per cent), negative-value κext distribution. On the other hand, WGD 2038–4008 is located in an environment of close to unit density, and its low source redshift results in a much tighter κext of ∼1 per cent, as long as no external shear constraints are imposed. ; JP would like to thank Gourav Khullar for his help and insightful discussions that helped improve the analysis in this paper. This work made use of computing resources and support provided by the Research Computing Center at the University of Chicago. JP is supported in part by the Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago through grant NSF PHY-1125897 and an endowment from the Kavli Foundation and its founder Fred Kavli. AJS was supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) through the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI) grant HST-GO-15320. AJS was also supported by the Dissertation Year Fellowship from the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) graduate division. TA acknowledges support from Proyecto FONDECYT N: 1190335. This work was supported by World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI Initiative), MEXT, Japan. CDF acknowledges support for this work from the National Science Foundation under Grant No. AST-1715611. SM acknowledges the funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the EUs Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (COSMICLENS; grant agreement No. 787886). Funding for the DES Projects has been provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, the U.S. National Science Foundation, the Ministry of Science and Education of Spain, the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, the Higher Education Funding Council for England, the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics at the Ohio State University, the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas A&M University, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico and the Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and the Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Survey. The Collaborating Institutions are Argonne National Laboratory, the University of California at Santa Cruz, the University of Cambridge, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas-Madrid, the University of Chicago, University College London, the DES-Brazil Consortium, the University of Edinburgh, the Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zürich, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Institut de Ciències de l'Espai (IEEC/CSIC), the Institut de Física d'Altes Energies, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, the Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München and the associated Excellence Cluster Universe, the University of Michigan, the National Optical Astronomy Observatory, the University of Nottingham, The Ohio State University, the University of Pennsylvania, the University of Portsmouth, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, the University of Sussex, Texas A&M University, and the OzDES Membership Consortium. Based in part on observations at Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, National Optical Astronomy Observatory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. The DES data management system is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant Numbers AST-1138766 and AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MINECO under grants AYA2015-71825, ESP2015-88861, FPA2015-68048, SEV-2012-0234, SEV-2016-0597, and MDM-2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. IFAE is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) including ERC grant agreements 240672, 291329, and 306478. We acknowledge support from the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics (CAASTRO), through project number CE110001020. This manuscript has been authored by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. ; Peer reviewed

WOS: 000461906400001 ; A search for the decay of neutral, weakly interacting, long-lived particles using data collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC is presented. The analysis in this paper uses 36.1 fb(-1) of proton-proton collision data at root s =13 TeV recorded in 2015-2016. The search employs techniques for reconstructing vertices of long-lived particles decaying into jets in the muon spectrometer exploiting a two-vertex strategy and a novel technique that requires only one vertex in association with additional activity in the detector that improves the sensitivity for longer lifetimes. The observed numbers of events are consistent with the expected background and limits for several benchmark signals are determined. ; ANPCyT, ArgentinaANPCyT; Yerevan Physics Institute, Armenia; ARC, AustraliaAustralian Research Council; BMWFW, Austria; FWF, AustriaAustrian Science Fund (FWF); Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Azerbaijan; State Science and Technology Committee, Belarus; CNPq, BrazilNational Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq); FAPESP, BrazilFundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP); NSERC, CanadaNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; NRC, Canada; CFI, CanadaCanada Foundation for Innovation; CERN; CONICYT, ChileComision Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica (CONICYT); CAS, ChinaChinese Academy of Sciences; MOST, ChinaMinistry of Science and Technology, China; NSFC, ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China; COLCIENCIAS, ColombiaDepartamento Administrativo de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion Colciencias; MSMT CR, Czech RepublicMinistry of Education, Youth & Sports - Czech RepublicCzech Republic Government; MPO CR, Czech RepublicCzech Republic Government; VSC CR, Czech RepublicCzech Republic Government; DNRF, Denmark; Danish Natural Science Research Council, Denmark; Institut national de physique nucleaire et de physique des particules, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, FranceCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Institut de recherche sur les lois fondamentales de l'Univers, France; Direction des Sciences de la Matiere, France; Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique, FranceFrench Atomic Energy Commission; Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation of Georgia, Georgia; BMBF, GermanyFederal Ministry of Education & Research (BMBF); HGF, Germany; MPG, GermanyMax Planck Society; General Secretariat for Research and Technology, GreeceGreek Ministry of Development-GSRT; RGC, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaHong Kong Research Grants Council; NWO, NetherlandsNetherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO)Netherlands Government; RCN, Norway; MNiSW, PolandMinistry of Science and Higher Education, Poland; NCN, Poland; FCT, PortugalPortuguese Foundation for Science and Technology; Ministry of National Education, Institute of Atomic Physics, Romania; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation of Russia; NRC KI, Russian Federation; Joint Institute for Nuclear Research; Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Serbia; Ministry of Education, Science, Research and Sport, Slovakia; ARRS, SloveniaSlovenian Research Agency - Slovenia; MIZS, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MINECO, Spain; Swedish Research Council, SwedenSwedish Research Council; Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; Secretariat for Education and Research, Switzerland; SNSF, SwitzerlandSwiss National Science Foundation (SNSF); Cantons of Bern, Switzerland; Geneva, Switzerland; MOST, TaiwanMinistry of Science and Technology, Taiwan; TAEK, TurkeyMinistry of Energy & Natural Resources - Turkey; STFC, United KingdomScience & Technology Facilities Council (STFC); DOE, United States of AmericaUnited States Department of Energy (DOE); NSF, United States of AmericaNational Science Foundation (NSF); BCKDF, Canada; CANARIE, Canada; CRC, Canada; Compute Canada, Canada; COSTEuropean Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST); ERCEuropean Research Council (ERC); ERDFEuropean Union (EU); Horizon 2020; Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions; European UnionEuropean Union (EU); Investissements d' Avenir Labex and Idex, FranceFrench National Research Agency (ANR); ANR, FranceFrench National Research Agency (ANR); DFG, GermanyGerman Research Foundation (DFG); AvH Foundation, GermanyAlexander von Humboldt Foundation; EU-ESF, Greece; Greek NSRF, Greece; BSF-NSF, Israel; GIF, IsraelGerman-Israeli Foundation for Scientific Research and Development; CERCA Programme Generalitat de Catalunya, Spain; Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom ; We thank CERN for the very successful operation of the LHC, as well as the support staff from our institutions without whom ATLAS could not be operated efficiently. We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; Yerevan Physics Institute, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWFW and FWF, Austria; Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Azerbaijan; State Science and Technology Committee, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF and Danish Natural Science Research Council, Denmark; Institut national de physique nucleaire et de physique des particules, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de recherche sur les lois fondamentales de l'Univers, Direction des Sciences de la Matiere, Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique, France; Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation of Georgia, Georgia; BMBF, HGF, and MPG, Germany; General Secretariat for Research and Technology, Greece; RGC, Hong Kong SAR, China; ISF and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW and NCN, Poland; FCT, Portugal; Ministry of National Education, Institute of Atomic Physics, Romania; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation of Russia and NRC KI, Russian Federation; Joint Institute for Nuclear Research; Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Serbia; Ministry of Education, Science, Research and Sport, Slovakia; ARRS and MIZS, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MINECO, Spain; Swedish Research Council and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; Secretariat for Education and Research, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; MOST, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America. In addition, individual groups and members have received support from BCKDF, CANARIE, CRC and Compute Canada, Canada; COST, ERC, ERDF, Horizon 2020, and Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions, European Union; Investissements d' Avenir Labex and Idex, ANR, France; DFG and AvH Foundation, Germany; Herakleitos, Thales and Aristeia programmes co-financed by EU-ESF and the Greek NSRF, Greece; BSF-NSF and GIF, Israel; CERCA Programme Generalitat de Catalunya, Spain; The Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom. The crucial computing support from all WLCG partners is acknowledged gratefully, in particular from CERN, the ATLAS Tier-1 facilities at TRIUMF (Canada), NDGF (Denmark, Norway, Sweden), CC-IN2P3 (France), KIT/GridKA (Germany), INFN-CNAF (Italy), NL-T1 (Netherlands), PIC (Spain), ASGC (Taiwan), RAL (UK) and BNL (USA), the Tier-2 facilities worldwide and large non-WLCG resource providers. Major contributors of computing resources are listed in Ref. [84].

We present the photometric calibration of the 12 optical passbands observed by the Javalambre Photometric Local Universe Survey (J-PLUS). Methods. The proposed calibration method has four steps: (i) definition of a high-quality set of calibration stars using Gaia information and available 3D dust maps; (ii) anchoring of the J-PLUS gri passbands to the Pan-STARRS photometric solution, accounting for the variation in the calibration with the position of the sources on the CCD; (iii) homogenization of the photometry in the other nine J-PLUS filters using the dust de-reddened instrumental stellar locus in (chi - r) versus (g-i) colours, where chi is the filter to calibrate. The zero point variation along the CCD in these filters was estimated with the distance to the stellar locus. Finally, (iv) the absolute colour calibration was obtained with the white dwarf locus. We performed a joint Bayesian modelling of 11 J-PLUS colour-colour diagrams using the theoretical white dwarf locus as reference. This provides the needed o ffsets to transform instrumental magnitudes to calibrated magnitudes outside the atmosphere. Results. The uncertainty of the J-PLUS photometric calibration, estimated from duplicated objects observed in adjacent pointings and accounting for the absolute colour and flux calibration errors, are similar to 19 mmag in u, J0378, and J0395; similar to 11 mmag in J0410 and J0430; and similar to 8 mmag in g, J0515, r, J0660, i, J0861, and z. Conclusions. We present an optimized calibration method for the large-area multi-filter J-PLUS project, reaching 1-2% accuracy within an area of 1022 square degrees without the need for long observing calibration campaigns or constant atmospheric monitoring. The proposed method will be adapted for the photometric calibration of J-PAS, that will observe several thousand square degrees with 56 narrow optical filters.© ESO 2019 ; We dedicate this paper to the memory of our six IAC colleagues and friends who met with a fatal accident in Piedra de los Cochinos, Tenerife, in February 2007, with special thanks to Maurizio Panniello, whose teachings of python were so important for this paper. We thank the anonymous referee for useful comments and suggestions. Based on observations made with the JAST/T80 telescope at the Observatorio Astrofisico de Javalambre (OAJ), in Teruel, owned, managed, and operated by the Centro de Estudios de Fisica del Cosmos de Aragon. We acknowledge the OAJ Data Processing and Archiving Unit (UPAD) for reducing and calibrating the OAJ data used in this work. Funding for the J-PLUS Project has been provided by the Governments of Spain and Aragon through the Fondo de Inversiones de Teruel; the Aragon Government through the Reseach Groups E96, E103, and E16_17R; the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (MCIU/AEI/FEDER, UE) with grants PGC2018-097585-B-C21 and PGC2018-097585-B-C22; the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) under AYA2015-66211-C2-1-P, AYA2015-66211-C2-2, AYA2012-30789, and ICTS-2009-14; and European FEDER funding (FCDD10-4E-867, FCDD13-4E-2685). This work was also supported by the MINECO through grant ESP2016-80079-C2-1-R and RTI2018-095076-B-C21 (MINECO/FEDER, UE) and MDM-2014-0369 of ICCUB (Unidad de Excelencia "Maria de Maeztu"). F. J. E. acknowledges financial support from the Tec2Space-CM project (P2018/NMT-4291). Funding for the SDSS and SDSS-II has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, the U.S. Department of Energy, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Japanese Monbukagakusho, the Max Planck Society, and the Higher Education Funding Council for England. The SDSS Web Site is www.sdss.org.The SDSS is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions. The Participating Institutions are the American Museum of Natural History, Astrophysical Institute Potsdam, University of Basel, University of Cambridge, CaseWestern Reserve University, University of Chicago, Drexel University, Fermilab, the Institute for Advanced Study, the Japan Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, the Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, the Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, the Korean Scientist Group, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (LAMOST), Los Alamos National Laboratory, the Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy (MPIA), the Max-Planck-Institute for Astrophysics (MPA), New Mexico State University, the Ohio State University, University of Pittsburgh, University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the United States Naval Observatory, and the University of Washington. The Pan-STARRS1 Surveys (PS1) and the PS1 public science archive have been made possible through contributions by the Institute for Astronomy, the University of Hawaii, the Pan-STARRS Project O ffice, the Max-Planck Society and its participating institutes, the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg, and the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, The Johns Hopkins University, Durham University, the University of Edinburgh, the Queen's University Belfast, the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, the Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network Incorporated, the National Central University of Taiwan, the Space Telescope Science Institute, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under Grant No. NNX08AR22G issued through the Planetary Science Division of the NASA Science Mission Directorate, the National Science Foundation Grant No. AST-1238877, the University of Maryland, Eotvos Lorand University (ELTE), the Los Alamos National Laboratory, and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. This work has made use of data from the European Space Agency (ESA) mission Gaia (https://www.cosmos.esa.int/gaia), processed by the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium (DPAC, https://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/gaia/dpac/consortium).Funding for the DPAC has been provided by national institutions, in particular the institutions participating in the Gaia Multilateral Agreement. This research made use of Astropy, a community-developed core Python package for Astronomy (Astropy Collaboration 2013), and Matplotlib, a 2D graphics package used for Python for publication-quality image generation across user interfaces and operating systems (Hunter 2007). ; Peer reviewed

The purpose of our article is to investigate the military periodicals of Odesa in the early twentieth century, in particular, to establish the features of illumination on its pages of military-historical issues. The main sources for us were issues of military periodicals published in Odesa at the beginning of the 20th century. and some press material.A number of circumstances were the prerequisites and driving factors for the publication of military periodicals in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. in the largest center of southern Ukraine: 1. The status of Odesa as the center of a large Odesa military district; 2. Permanent deployment in Odesa of a number of regiments, several military educational establishments; 3. Successful functioning of the printing house of the staff of the Odesa military district for a long time, among the publications, which included works on historical subjects; 4. Increasing attention to the army and navy during and after the war between the Russian and Japanese empires; 5. Increasing attention in the Ministry of Defense to the problem of patriotic education of officers and staff; 6. the general rise of military periodicals in the Russian Empire in the early twentieth century; 7. the formation of an officer subculture, which was reflected primarily in the formation of libraries, the construction of a military center on Spiridonovskaya Street with an army cinema, a library, a dining room, etc.; 8. Widespread celebration in the Russian Empire of several historical events, first of all, the anniversaries of the Battle of Poltava, the Patriotic War of 1812. 9. Accumulation of experience (traditions) of the study of the history of the army and navy in Odesa, which were laid down in the first half of the nineteenth century. 10. Establishment in Odesa in 1908 of the department of the Imperial Petersburg Russian Military Historical Society. 11. The role of the individual in history, as several charismatic, motor, individuals have pushed forward the founding of military magazines.Historical topics were present on the pages of these publications on a regular basis, especially in the Russian Warrior and Motherland. The proportion of historical topics was present exactly in the same order from increase to decrease, in which these three magazines appeared chronologically. Relevant articles should be classified into several groups. The first group consists of general essays on the history of the army and navy, which were published in the Russian Warrior. The second group consists of articles about individual wars, battles, alliances, or generally militaryphenomena by the time of the distant past. Genetically related to this, the second group, there are articles, but we consider it appropriate to distinguish into the third group: articles whose genre can be called using the phrase "modern history", because their authors reflected on the features of hostilities, the causes of defeat of the Russian Empire from Japan. This group refers to the recollections of the participants in this war, which were published on the pages of these editions. The fourth, most numerous, group consists of biographical articles, which revealed the life path of outstanding warlords. At the same time, in a number of other articles that were not purely historical, there was quite often a historical component that was used as edification, teaching historical examples.So, the periodicals of Odesa in the early twentieth century. are a distinct phenomenon in the history of the city's culture, reflecting the subculture of the military, especially the officers. Despite the fact that the level of most articles did not differfundamentally, naturally taking into account their tasks, they performed an important function of promoting history and enlightenment. However, it cannot be said that the authors resorted to falsifications, manipulations with history, and distortions. Their works were well in line with the level of military-historical research of the time. Obviously, from the modern point of view, Russian-imperial patriotism, which has been imbued with all the articles, is unacceptable. However, the experience of publishing such literature should be taken into account, which is an urgent task in today'sUkraine. ; Целью нашей статьи является исследование военной периодики Одессы начала ХХ в., в частности, установление особенностей освещения на ее страницах военно-исторических вопросов. Основными источниками для нас были выпуски военной периодики, издававшейся в Одессе в начале ХХ в. и некоторые материалы прессы.Историческая тематика присутствовала на страницах указанных изданий на постоянной основе, особенно в «Русском воине» и «Родине». Доля исторической тематики присутствовала ровно в таком же порядке от увеличения к уменьшению, в котором хронологически возникали эти три журналы. Соответствующие статьи следует классифицировать на несколько групп. Первуюгруппу составляют общие очерки по истории армии и флота, которые были опубликованы в «Русском воине». Вторую группу составляют статьи об отдельных войнах, битвах, соединениях или вообще военные явления к тому времени уже далекого прошлого. Генетически связанной с этой, второй группой, есть статьи, все же считаем целесообразным выделить в третью группу: статьи, жанр которых можно назвать с помощью словосочетание «современная история», ведь их авторы рефлексировали над особенностями боевых действий, причинами поражения Российской империи от Японии. К этой группе касающиеся воспоминания участников этой войны, публиковавшиеся на страницах этих изданий. Четвертую, самую многочисленную, группу составляют биографические статьи, в которых раскрывался жизненный путь выдающихся военачальников. При этом в ряде других статей, которые не были чисто историческими, достаточно часто присутствовал исторический компонент, который использовался как назидание, обучающие исторические примеры.Итак, военные периодические издания Одессы начала ХХ в. являются отдельным ярким явлением истории культуры города, отражением субкультуры военных, прежде всего офицеров. Несмотря на то, что уровень большинства статей не отличался фундаментальностью, что вполне естественно, учитывая их задачи, они выполняли важнуюфункциюпопуляризации истории, просвещения. При этом их труды вполне соответствовали уровню тогдашних военно-исторических исследований. Очевидно, с современной точки зрения, российскоимперский патриотизм, которым были пропитаны все статьи, является неприемлемым. Однако, должен быть учтен сам опыт издания подобной литературы, что является актуальной задачей в сегодняшней Украине. ; У статті досліджено історію військової періодики Одеси на початку ХХ ст., зокрема висвітлення воєнної історії на їх сторінках. Виявлено та вивчено три періодичні збірники, що видавалися військовими, були присвячені військовим питанням та орієнтовані на військову читацьку аудиторію: «Русский воин», «Родина», «Юнкерские досуги». Зроблено висновок, що у цих виданнях висвітлення історії, передусім військової, займало чільне місце. Головним чином, увага приділялася ювілейним датам та біографіям видатних воєначальників.

Rope bondage, also known as shibari or kinbaku, is an embodied practice commonly associated with BDSM (an acronym for Bondage and Discipline, Dominance and Submission, Sadism and Masochism) in both academic and non-academic environments. However, BDSM and sex-oriented discourses are not inherent in the practice. Rather, they are only two potential ways of framing rope bondage, the appropriateness of which depends on how practitioners choose to envision themselves and their practices. However, as feminist and queer theory has argued, identity as a fixed social construct frequently serves normative, regulatory aims (Butler, 1990, 1993; Sedgwick, 1990). Drawing upon the authors' fieldwork, this article argues that rope bondage functions via affective relations, which enable practitioners to think of themselves outside of identitarian structures of connection, if they so choose. Rather than engaging with the problematics of identity politics, members can share affective sensations felt through embodied experience, directed both toward rope and toward other bodies. Furthermore, practitioners' affective perceptions of time are altered by their corporeal experiences of rope bondage, which often bring about a flow state (Ambler et al., 2017; Csikszentmihalyi, 1991; Newmahr, 2011). The affective practice of rope bondage and practitioners' multiple, self-reflexive corporealities while interacting with and through the medium of rope prompt the authors toward a rhizomatic model of analysis (Deleuze and Guattari, 1987; Massumi, 1987). Such a model works against hierarchies of time and identity, which are broken down through affective exchanges. A rhizomatic understanding of the growth patterns of rope bondage can also inform future scholarship on non-canonical changes occurring in the practice without necessitating that those changes be linked to the ostensible origins of rope bondage in feudal Japan, origins constructed chronologically to validate the practice's existence. ; El bondage con cuerda, también conocido como shibari o kinbaku, es una práctica incorporada comúnmente asociada con BDSM (acrónimo de Bondage and Discipline, Dominance and Submission, Sadism and Masochism, en español, Bondage y Disciplina, Dominación y Sumisión, Sadismo y Masoquismo) en entornos académicos y no académicos. Sin embargo, el BDSM y discursos orientados al sexo no son inherentes a la práctica. Más bien, son solo dos formas potenciales de enmarcar el bondage con cuerdas, cuya pertinencia depende de cómo los practicantes eligen imaginarse a sí mismos y sus prácticas. Sin embargo, como la teoría feminista y queer ha argumentado, la identidad como una construcción social fija a menudo sirve objetivos normativos y regulatorios (Butler, 1990, 1993; Sedgwick, 1990). Basándose en el trabajo de campo de los autores, este artículo argumenta que el bondage con cuerdas funciona a través de relaciones afectivas, las cuales permiten a los practicantes pensarse a sí mismos fuera de estructuras identitarias de conexión, si así lo desean. En lugar de implicarse con problemáticas de las políticas de la identidad, los miembros pueden compartir sensaciones afectivas sentidas a través de la experiencia incorporada, dirigidas tanto hacia la cuerda como hacia otros cuerpos. Además, las percepciones afectivas del tiempo de los practicantes se ven alteradas 67Rope Bondage and Affective Embodiments: A rhizomatic analysis // Iris-Carmina Ordean // Heath PenningtonCHANGEpor sus experiencias corporales de bondage con cuerda que a menudo producen un estado de flujo (Ambler et al., 2017; Csikszentmihalyi, 1991; Newmahr, 2011). La práctica afectiva del bondage con cuerdas y las corporeidades autorreflexivas múltiples de los practicantes mientras interactúan con y a través de la cuerda incitan a los autores hacia un modelo rizomático de análisis (Deleuze y Guattari, 1987; Massumi, 1987). Tal modelo funciona en contra de las jerarquías de tiempo e identidad, que se desglosan a través de intercambios afectivos. Una comprensión rizomática de los patrones de crecimiento del bondage con cuerdas también puede informar estudios futuros sobre cambios no canónicos que ocurren en la práctica sin necesitar que esos cambios estén relacionados con los orígenes ostensibles del bondage de cuerdas en el Japón feudal, orígenes construidos cronológicamente para validar la existencia de la práctica. ; A bondage com cordas, também conhecido como shibari ou kinbaku é uma prática construída comumente associado com BDSM (sigla de Bondage and Discipline, Dominance and Submission, Sadism and Masochism, em portugues, Bondage e Disciplina, Dominação e Submissão, Sadismo e Masoquismo) em ambientes acadêmicos e não acadêmicos. No entanto, BDSM e discursos orientados para o sexo não são inerentes à prática. Pelo contrário, são apenas duas maneiras possíveis de enquadrar o bondage com cordas, cuja relevância depende de como praticantes escolher a imaginar-se e as suas práticas. No entanto, como a teoria feminista e queer argumentou, a identidade como uma construção social muitas vezes serve objectivos de regulação (Butler, 1990, 1993, Sedgwick, 1990) política fixa e. Com base no trabalho de campo dos autores, este artigo argumenta que a escravidão com cordas atravessa relacionamentos, que permitem que os profissionais pensam em si mesmos identitarias fora estruturas de ligação, se assim o desejarem. Em vez de se envolverem com questões de política de identidade, os membros podem compartilhar sentimentos sentidos através da experiência encarnada, direcionados tanto para a corda quanto para outros corpos. Além disso, as percepções emocionais dos praticantes tempo afetadas por suas experiências pessoais com cativeiro de corda, muitas vezes produzir um estado de fluxo (Ambler et al, 2017. Csikszentmihalyi, 1991; Newmahr, 2011). A prática afetiva da bondage com cordas e múltiplas corporities reflexivos profissionais ao interagir com e através da corda incentivar os autores a um modelo de análise rizoma (Deleuze e Guattari, 1987; Massumi, 1987). Tal modelo trabalha contra as hierarquias de tempo e identidade, que são quebradas por meio de trocas afetivas. Uma compreensão rizomática dos padrões de crescimento em cativeiro com cordas também podem informar futuros estudos de mudanças não-canônicos que ocorrem na prática, sem a necessidade de que essas mudanças estão relacionadas às origens ostensivas de cordas de cativeiro no Japão feudal, origens construídas cronologicamente validar a existência da prática.

The purpose of our article is to investigate the military periodicals of Odesa in the early twentieth century, in particular, to establish the features of illumination on its pages of military-historical issues. The main sources for us were issues of military periodicals published in Odesa at the beginning of the 20th century. and some press material.A number of circumstances were the prerequisites and driving factors for the publication of military periodicals in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. in the largest center of southern Ukraine: 1. The status of Odesa as the center of a large Odesa military district; 2. Permanent deployment in Odesa of a number of regiments, several military educational establishments; 3. Successful functioning of the printing house of the staff of the Odesa military district for a long time, among the publications, which included works on historical subjects; 4. Increasing attention to the army and navy during and after the war between the Russian and Japanese empires; 5. Increasing attention in the Ministry of Defense to the problem of patriotic education of officers and staff; 6. the general rise of military periodicals in the Russian Empire in the early twentieth century; 7. the formation of an officer subculture, which was reflected primarily in the formation of libraries, the construction of a military center on Spiridonovskaya Street with an army cinema, a library, a dining room, etc.; 8. Widespread celebration in the Russian Empire of several historical events, first of all, the anniversaries of the Battle of Poltava, the Patriotic War of 1812. 9. Accumulation of experience (traditions) of the study of the history of the army and navy in Odesa, which were laid down in the first half of the nineteenth century. 10. Establishment in Odesa in 1908 of the department of the Imperial Petersburg Russian Military Historical Society. 11. The role of the individual in history, as several charismatic, motor, individuals have pushed forward the founding of military magazines.Historical topics were present on the pages of these publications on a regular basis, especially in the Russian Warrior and Motherland. The proportion of historical topics was present exactly in the same order from increase to decrease, in which these three magazines appeared chronologically. Relevant articles should be classified into several groups. The first group consists of general essays on the history of the army and navy, which were published in the Russian Warrior. The second group consists of articles about individual wars, battles, alliances, or generally militaryphenomena by the time of the distant past. Genetically related to this, the second group, there are articles, but we consider it appropriate to distinguish into the third group: articles whose genre can be called using the phrase "modern history", because their authors reflected on the features of hostilities, the causes of defeat of the Russian Empire from Japan. This group refers to the recollections of the participants in this war, which were published on the pages of these editions. The fourth, most numerous, group consists of biographical articles, which revealed the life path of outstanding warlords. At the same time, in a number of other articles that were not purely historical, there was quite often a historical component that was used as edification, teaching historical examples.So, the periodicals of Odesa in the early twentieth century. are a distinct phenomenon in the history of the city's culture, reflecting the subculture of the military, especially the officers. Despite the fact that the level of most articles did not differfundamentally, naturally taking into account their tasks, they performed an important function of promoting history and enlightenment. However, it cannot be said that the authors resorted to falsifications, manipulations with history, and distortions. Their works were well in line with the level of military-historical research of the time. Obviously, from the modern point of view, Russian-imperial patriotism, which has been imbued with all the articles, is unacceptable. However, the experience of publishing such literature should be taken into account, which is an urgent task in today'sUkraine. ; Целью нашей статьи является исследование военной периодики Одессы начала ХХ в., в частности, установление особенностей освещения на ее страницах военно-исторических вопросов. Основными источниками для нас были выпуски военной периодики, издававшейся в Одессе в начале ХХ в. и некоторые материалы прессы.Историческая тематика присутствовала на страницах указанных изданий на постоянной основе, особенно в «Русском воине» и «Родине». Доля исторической тематики присутствовала ровно в таком же порядке от увеличения к уменьшению, в котором хронологически возникали эти три журналы. Соответствующие статьи следует классифицировать на несколько групп. Первуюгруппу составляют общие очерки по истории армии и флота, которые были опубликованы в «Русском воине». Вторую группу составляют статьи об отдельных войнах, битвах, соединениях или вообще военные явления к тому времени уже далекого прошлого. Генетически связанной с этой, второй группой, есть статьи, все же считаем целесообразным выделить в третью группу: статьи, жанр которых можно назвать с помощью словосочетание «современная история», ведь их авторы рефлексировали над особенностями боевых действий, причинами поражения Российской империи от Японии. К этой группе касающиеся воспоминания участников этой войны, публиковавшиеся на страницах этих изданий. Четвертую, самую многочисленную, группу составляют биографические статьи, в которых раскрывался жизненный путь выдающихся военачальников. При этом в ряде других статей, которые не были чисто историческими, достаточно часто присутствовал исторический компонент, который использовался как назидание, обучающие исторические примеры.Итак, военные периодические издания Одессы начала ХХ в. являются отдельным ярким явлением истории культуры города, отражением субкультуры военных, прежде всего офицеров. Несмотря на то, что уровень большинства статей не отличался фундаментальностью, что вполне естественно, учитывая их задачи, они выполняли важнуюфункциюпопуляризации истории, просвещения. При этом их труды вполне соответствовали уровню тогдашних военно-исторических исследований. Очевидно, с современной точки зрения, российскоимперский патриотизм, которым были пропитаны все статьи, является неприемлемым. Однако, должен быть учтен сам опыт издания подобной литературы, что является актуальной задачей в сегодняшней Украине. ; У статті досліджено історію військової періодики Одеси на початку ХХ ст., зокрема висвітлення воєнної історії на їх сторінках. Виявлено та вивчено три періодичні збірники, що видавалися військовими, були присвячені військовим питанням та орієнтовані на військову читацьку аудиторію: «Русский воин», «Родина», «Юнкерские досуги». Зроблено висновок, що у цих виданнях висвітлення історії, передусім військової, займало чільне місце. Головним чином, увага приділялася ювілейним датам та біографіям видатних воєначальників.

Kukai as an Enlightened Transculturalist: Reweaving Cultural Threads from the Universal Womb in This LifeIt is not unusual for one to experience a transculturally induced existential crisis which could force one to make an arduous philosophical journey in order to liberate oneself from the realm of this lingua-cultural dilemma. In fact, it is this very constraint, which offers its bearer an entry through a gate to reach an evolutionarily critical threshold. No longer measurable by convention, this realm is at once simple and profound as nature itself.That Kukai (a.k.a., Kobo Daishi), the ninth century Japanese Buddhist monk, invented the Japanese syllabic alphabet hiragana remains an academic debate to this day, and may remain so as long as we remain horizontally in our search relying on traditional discursive methods. However, in this essay, the author contends that the answer to this puzzle may be revealed to us when we recognize him as a transculturalist-in-the-making, owing not only to the unique sets of situations he had encountered both at home and abroad in that particular historical period, but more importantly how he responded to them. That is, when we regard "his invention" beyond its simple renderings of Japanese phonemes, they begin to reveal themselves as a natural byproduct of his primary search—the threshold of the original transmission of Esoteric Buddhism. Kukai's primary intention was two folds—cultural and spiritual. Publicly he had envisioned that his new government should help Japan re-orient itself as an authentic culture rather than to continue emulating the foreign ways meaninglessly following the prestigious Tang model. Personally he was in search of a method which would help one to attain enlightenment as Kukai had thought would be possible in this very life. Accordingly, the author is not hesitant to assume that Kukai, as a transculturalist, may have chosen anonymity. That is, if he had indeed sown the seed of sustainability for Japanese culture among his people linguistically through the kana syllabary and spiritually through dharma operative embodied by its emperors ritually, it was enough for Kukai that his essence should live on namelessly. In this sense, Kukai as a bodhisattva embodies the Zen koan uttered by Linji Yixuan: "If you meet the Buddha on the road, kill him."Thusly posited, this essay will nonetheless elucidate Kukai's transcultural footing leading up to "his" invention of kana syllabary. It will rely on the language of phenomenology, which emerged in the early 20th century West at the developing phase of the East-West cultural intercourse. Unlike the discursive Cartesian approach to categorize the East as "mysterious," it allows its bearer to use the Western language yet empowering him/her to elucidate the source of the "structural invisible" inherent in the Eastern thought. For the latter the "structural visible" has always meant to function as its inalienable ontological partner, however ambiguously. The much-suppressed bodily existence, which has nonetheless surfaced as expressions of the dark "otherness" now join the mind as an egalitarian co-catalyst. Together they will help unravel the truth's operative at its dynamic threshold. A transculturalist is its sustainer, like a seed fire keeper of old. In this sense the essay celebrates a trans-chronologically realized moment of multiple transcultural experiences whose time has come. It honors the inherently primordial operative, which has always already been there and when allowed to presence itself inter-subjectively to our consciousness, reverberates at the nature-human threshold. Kūkai jako oświecony myśliciel transkulturowy: ponowne tkanie w tym życiu kulturowych nici z uniwersalnego źródłaFakt wymyślenia japońskiego sylabariusza hiragana przez japońskiego mnicha buddyjskiego Kūkaia 空海 (lub też Kōbo Daishi) do dziś pozostaje przedmiotem akademickich debat i może nim pozostać tak długo, jak długo będziemy dyskursywnie trzymać się horyzontalnej wizji rzeczywistości. W eseju autorka twierdzi, że aby znaleźć odpowiedź na tę łamigłówkę należy uznać Kūkaia za osobę dochodzącą do transkulturowości (transculturalist-in-the-making). Mnich zawdzięcza to wyjątkowym sytuacjom, które napotkał w domu i za granicą, ale także, co ważniejsze, sposobowi, w jaki na nie zareagował. Kiedy zaczniemy postrzegać "jego wynalazek" jako coś więcej niż uproszczone przedstawienia japońskich fonemów, ujawni się on jako naturalny produkt uboczny pierwotnych poszukiwań Kūkaia – droga do oryginalnego przekazu buddyzmu ezoterycznego. Sugeruje to, że ścieżka jego duchowego poszukiwania, która kwestionuje również kondycję własnej kultury, jest z natury rzeczy połączona z semantyką. Publicznie Kūkai zakładał, że nowy rząd powinien pomóc Japonii skierować się ku autentycznej kulturze zamiast kontynuować naśladownictwo prestiżowego modelu zagranicznego epoki Tang. Osobiście szukał metody, która pomogłaby jednostce osiągnąć oświecenie, które według niego było możliwe jeszcze w tym życiu. W konsekwencji, transkulturowa wyprawa Kūkaia doprowadziła go do świętego królestwa języka. W związku z tym autorka nie waha się twierdzić, że Kūkai, jako myśliciel transkulturowy, mógł wybrać anonimowość. Mnichowi wystarczało zasianie ziarna trwałości japońskiej kultury, językowo poprzez sylabariusz kana i rytualnie poprzez działanie dharmy wcielonej w cesarzy, a jego dziedzictwo mogło pozostać bezimienne. Do tego, jak żył Kūkai pasują słowa wypowiedziane przez Linji Yixuan w koanie Zen: "Jeśli spotkasz Buddę na drodze, zabij go".Esej jest próbą wyjaśnienia transkulturowych podstaw Kūkaia, które doprowadziły do powstania sylabariusza kana. Całość opiera się na języku fenomenologii, który pojawił się na początku XX wieku na Zachodzie, w fazie rozwoju stosunków kulturalnych Wschód-Zachód. W przeciwieństwie do dyskursywnego podejścia kartezjańskiego, które kategoryzuje Wschód jako "tajemniczy", fenomenologia pozwala na używanie języka zachodniego, dając możliwość wyjaśnienia "strukturalnie niewidzialnego", które tkwi we wschodniej retoryce – potężnym, choć niejednoznacznym partnerze ontologicznym.Mocno stłumiona egzystencja fizyczna, która mimo wszystko pojawiła się jako wyraz ciemnej "inności", teraz łączy się z umysłem jako egalitarny współ-katalizator. Razem pomogą rozwikłać działanie prawdy w jej dynamicznym związku. Myśliciel transkulturowy jest filarem prawdy, jak stary strażnik ognia. W tym duchu esej świętuje trans-chronologicznie zrealizowany moment wielu transkulturowych doświadczeń, których czas właśnie nadszedł. Honoruje on pierwotny czynnik, który, gdy pozwalamy mu ujawnić się intersubiektywnie naszej świadomości, rozbrzmiewa na styku człowieka z naturą. Hołd złożony książce "Pamiętnik z Tosy" Kino Tsurayukiego, japońskiego pisarza z X wieku, jest nie tylko bezpośrednią odpowiedzią na dziedzictwo językowo-kulturowe Kūkaia, ale także pośrednio odpowiedzią na jego pierwotne dociekania – czy można doznać oświecenia w tym życiu?

Kukai as an Enlightened Transculturalist: Reweaving Cultural Threads from the Universal Womb in This LifeIt is not unusual for one to experience a transculturally induced existential crisis which could force one to make an arduous philosophical journey in order to liberate oneself from the realm of this lingua-cultural dilemma. In fact, it is this very constraint, which offers its bearer an entry through a gate to reach an evolutionarily critical threshold. No longer measurable by convention, this realm is at once simple and profound as nature itself.That Kukai (a.k.a., Kobo Daishi), the ninth century Japanese Buddhist monk, invented the Japanese syllabic alphabet hiragana remains an academic debate to this day, and may remain so as long as we remain horizontally in our search relying on traditional discursive methods. However, in this essay, the author contends that the answer to this puzzle may be revealed to us when we recognize him as a transculturalist-in-the-making, owing not only to the unique sets of situations he had encountered both at home and abroad in that particular historical period, but more importantly how he responded to them. That is, when we regard "his invention" beyond its simple renderings of Japanese phonemes, they begin to reveal themselves as a natural byproduct of his primary search—the threshold of the original transmission of Esoteric Buddhism. Kukai's primary intention was two folds—cultural and spiritual. Publicly he had envisioned that his new government should help Japan re-orient itself as an authentic culture rather than to continue emulating the foreign ways meaninglessly following the prestigious Tang model. Personally he was in search of a method which would help one to attain enlightenment as Kukai had thought would be possible in this very life. Accordingly, the author is not hesitant to assume that Kukai, as a transculturalist, may have chosen anonymity. That is, if he had indeed sown the seed of sustainability for Japanese culture among his people linguistically through the kana syllabary and spiritually through dharma operative embodied by its emperors ritually, it was enough for Kukai that his essence should live on namelessly. In this sense, Kukai as a bodhisattva embodies the Zen koan uttered by Linji Yixuan: "If you meet the Buddha on the road, kill him."Thusly posited, this essay will nonetheless elucidate Kukai's transcultural footing leading up to "his" invention of kana syllabary. It will rely on the language of phenomenology, which emerged in the early 20th century West at the developing phase of the East-West cultural intercourse. Unlike the discursive Cartesian approach to categorize the East as "mysterious," it allows its bearer to use the Western language yet empowering him/her to elucidate the source of the "structural invisible" inherent in the Eastern thought. For the latter the "structural visible" has always meant to function as its inalienable ontological partner, however ambiguously. The much-suppressed bodily existence, which has nonetheless surfaced as expressions of the dark "otherness" now join the mind as an egalitarian co-catalyst. Together they will help unravel the truth's operative at its dynamic threshold. A transculturalist is its sustainer, like a seed fire keeper of old. In this sense the essay celebrates a trans-chronologically realized moment of multiple transcultural experiences whose time has come. It honors the inherently primordial operative, which has always already been there and when allowed to presence itself inter-subjectively to our consciousness, reverberates at the nature-human threshold. Kūkai jako oświecony myśliciel transkulturowy: ponowne tkanie w tym życiu kulturowych nici z uniwersalnego źródłaFakt wymyślenia japońskiego sylabariusza hiragana przez japońskiego mnicha buddyjskiego Kūkaia 空海 (lub też Kōbo Daishi) do dziś pozostaje przedmiotem akademickich debat i może nim pozostać tak długo, jak długo będziemy dyskursywnie trzymać się horyzontalnej wizji rzeczywistości. W eseju autorka twierdzi, że aby znaleźć odpowiedź na tę łamigłówkę należy uznać Kūkaia za osobę dochodzącą do transkulturowości (transculturalist-in-the-making). Mnich zawdzięcza to wyjątkowym sytuacjom, które napotkał w domu i za granicą, ale także, co ważniejsze, sposobowi, w jaki na nie zareagował. Kiedy zaczniemy postrzegać "jego wynalazek" jako coś więcej niż uproszczone przedstawienia japońskich fonemów, ujawni się on jako naturalny produkt uboczny pierwotnych poszukiwań Kūkaia – droga do oryginalnego przekazu buddyzmu ezoterycznego. Sugeruje to, że ścieżka jego duchowego poszukiwania, która kwestionuje również kondycję własnej kultury, jest z natury rzeczy połączona z semantyką. Publicznie Kūkai zakładał, że nowy rząd powinien pomóc Japonii skierować się ku autentycznej kulturze zamiast kontynuować naśladownictwo prestiżowego modelu zagranicznego epoki Tang. Osobiście szukał metody, która pomogłaby jednostce osiągnąć oświecenie, które według niego było możliwe jeszcze w tym życiu. W konsekwencji, transkulturowa wyprawa Kūkaia doprowadziła go do świętego królestwa języka. W związku z tym autorka nie waha się twierdzić, że Kūkai, jako myśliciel transkulturowy, mógł wybrać anonimowość. Mnichowi wystarczało zasianie ziarna trwałości japońskiej kultury, językowo poprzez sylabariusz kana i rytualnie poprzez działanie dharmy wcielonej w cesarzy, a jego dziedzictwo mogło pozostać bezimienne. Do tego, jak żył Kūkai pasują słowa wypowiedziane przez Linji Yixuan w koanie Zen: "Jeśli spotkasz Buddę na drodze, zabij go".Esej jest próbą wyjaśnienia transkulturowych podstaw Kūkaia, które doprowadziły do powstania sylabariusza kana. Całość opiera się na języku fenomenologii, który pojawił się na początku XX wieku na Zachodzie, w fazie rozwoju stosunków kulturalnych Wschód-Zachód. W przeciwieństwie do dyskursywnego podejścia kartezjańskiego, które kategoryzuje Wschód jako "tajemniczy", fenomenologia pozwala na używanie języka zachodniego, dając możliwość wyjaśnienia "strukturalnie niewidzialnego", które tkwi we wschodniej retoryce – potężnym, choć niejednoznacznym partnerze ontologicznym.Mocno stłumiona egzystencja fizyczna, która mimo wszystko pojawiła się jako wyraz ciemnej "inności", teraz łączy się z umysłem jako egalitarny współ-katalizator. Razem pomogą rozwikłać działanie prawdy w jej dynamicznym związku. Myśliciel transkulturowy jest filarem prawdy, jak stary strażnik ognia. W tym duchu esej świętuje trans-chronologicznie zrealizowany moment wielu transkulturowych doświadczeń, których czas właśnie nadszedł. Honoruje on pierwotny czynnik, który, gdy pozwalamy mu ujawnić się intersubiektywnie naszej świadomości, rozbrzmiewa na styku człowieka z naturą. Hołd złożony książce "Pamiętnik z Tosy" Kino Tsurayukiego, japońskiego pisarza z X wieku, jest nie tylko bezpośrednią odpowiedzią na dziedzictwo językowo-kulturowe Kūkaia, ale także pośrednio odpowiedzią na jego pierwotne dociekania – czy można doznać oświecenia w tym życiu?

These last years, Algeria began an ambitious national plan on housing construction of all types. For example, 1,6 million homes are registered for realization under the five-year period 2015-2019. However and due to lack of skilled labor, companies in charge to build these homes used a workforce from abroad: China, Japan, Spain, Egypt, etc. In front of this situation, it was noticed that the sector of building and public works currently represents about a third of occupational accidents and professional diseases at national scale. However, no indication is provided on the question of emergence of psychosocial risks due to the organization of work. This is why a study was initiated in this direction, of whom the realization of a doctoral thesis in France. This thesis thus consists in acquiring theories on psychosocial risks and those of organizations. To do this, it was necessary in particular to put the accent on history of these risks in Europe and especially in France, the agenda setting on the emergence of psychosocial risks, particularly via the case of suicides and suicide attempts at France Télécom. In this wake and dig on this question, we put two hypotheses of worsening of psychosocial risks. Firstly, psychosocial risks aggravate by imbalance between regulation of control (managerial) too high, and autonomous regulation (by workers who organize their activity of the way which seems the best indicated) in reference to the theory of J.D. Reynaud. In the second place, psychosocial risks aggravate by deficit of organizational democracy of participative form, which joins and completes the first hypothesis. That being said, we indicate that the chapter that we devoted to epistemology (six schemes of intelligibility of J.M. Berthelot, which were taken, amended and operationalized by Pascale De Rozario within the framework of the study of the phenomenon of suicide) allowed us to make the inventory of theories dedicated to psychosocial risks and to evaluate them taking into consideration model which they carry on the relation between organization and individual.It should also be noted that we opted for a constructivist approach, object of the last chapter of the thesis. While starting initially with a top-down approach; we took our review of theoretical literature (J.D. Reynaud, Marie-Hélène Bacqué, Yves Sintomer and others authors) and we confronted it with a practical and managerial review of 4 observatories (observatories analyzed with regard to the contents on diffused psychosocial risks and in the manners of which they diffuse, interpret, clarify the reports between psychosocial risks, organization and managerial regulation of the activity) and then we followed a bottom-up approach. And It's at this moment there that we made constructivism. This last chapter represents our theoretical, methodological and operational proposal once return in Algeria to initiate a national public policy of sensitizing, management and prevention of psychosocial risks, in particular with through the implementation of an observatory of psychosocial risks adapted to the sector of building and public works. ; Ces dernières années, l'Algérie a amorcé un plan national ambitieux en matière de construction de logements tous types confondus. À titre d'exemple, 1,6 millions de logements sont inscrits pour réalisation dans le programme quinquennal 2015-2019. Néanmoins, et en raison du manque de main d'œuvre qualifiée, les entreprises chargées de construire ces logements ont fait appel à une main d'œuvre venue de l'étranger : la Chine, le Japon, l'Espagne, l'Égypte, etc. Devant cette situation, il a été constaté que le secteur du BTP algérien représente actuellement environ le tiers des accidents du travail et des maladies professionnelles à l'échelle nationale. Cependant, aucune indication n'est fournie sur la question de l'émergence des risques psychosociaux dus à l'organisation du travail de cette filière globalisée avec importation de mains d'œuvre. C'est la raison pour laquelle une réflexion a été initiée en ce sens, dont la réalisation d'une thèse de doctorat en France sur ces questions. Cette thèse consiste donc à acquérir les théories sur les risques psychosociaux et celles des organisations. Pour ce faire, j'ai volontairement mis l'accent sur l'historique de ces risques en Europe et surtout en France, sur la mise en agenda de l'émergence des RPS, particulièrement via l'affaire des suicides et tentatives de suicide chez France Télécom fortement médiatisée et relayée syndicalement. Pour creuser sur cette question, nous avons posé deux hypothèses d'aggravation des RPS. En premier lieu, les RPS s'aggraveraient par déséquilibre entre régulation de contrôle (managériale) trop élevée, et régulation autonome (par les employés qui organisent leur activité de la façon qui semble la mieux indiquée) en référence à la théorie de J.D. Reynaud. En deuxième lieu, les RPS s'aggraveraient par déficit de démocratie organisationnelle de forme participative, ce qui complète la première hypothèse. Cela étant dit, nous soulignons que le chapitre que nous avons consacré à l'épistémologie (les six schèmes d'intelligibilité de J.M. Berthelot qui ont été repris, amendés et opérationnalisés par Pascale De Rozario dans le cadre de l'étude du phénomène du suicide) nous a permis de faire l'inventaire des théories dédiées aux RPS et de les évaluer au regard du modèle implicite (non dit) qu'elles portent sur les relations entre organisation et individu. Il faut également souligner que nous avons opté pour une approche constructiviste, objet du dernier chapitre de la thèse. En commençant d'abord par une approche « top-down » ; nous avons utilisée notre revue de littérature théorique (J.D. Reynaud, Marie-Hélène Bacqué, Yves Sintomer et autres auteurs) pour la confronter à une revue pratique et managériale de 4 observatoires (observatoires analysés au regard des contenus sur les RPS diffusés et des manières dont ils diffusent, interprètent, explicitent les rapports entre RPS, organisation et régulation managériale de l'activité) et puis nous avons suivi une approche « bottom-up ». Et c'est à ce moment-là que nous avons fait du constructivisme. Ce dernier chapitre représente notre proposition théorique, méthodologique et opérationnelle une fois de retour en Algérie pour amorcer une politique publique nationale de sensibilisation, de gestion et de prévention des RPS, notamment au travers la mise en œuvre d'un observatoire des RPS adapté au secteur du BTP.