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The press publishers' right provided in art. 15 of the Directive on Copyright in the Digital Single Market is the European Union's response to the news media vs digital platforms clash. The right was adopted following a heated and highly polarised debate, and should become a part of Member States' laws by 7 June 2021. Even though the deadline is less than two months away, the majority of the Member States still have a long way to go before the press publishers' right becomes national law. This article offers an opinion on the current state of the implementation of the right. It outlines the ongoing policy discussions and decisions taken by the Member States with regard to selected aspects of the press publishers' right, including its scope, an appropriate share of revenues due to authors, and licensing mechanisms. The article argues that the implementation of the press publishers' right is unlikely to bring the news media vs digital platforms saga to an end, as not all uncertainties concerning the new right's scope will be tackled, and the calls for further regulatory interventions are likely to follow.

African American women have been placed on the periphery of most historical documents. In fact, the material traces holding the clues to their experiences are limited, heavily tainted, or virtually nonexistent. Given these circumstances, locating African American women's individual and collective identities is difficult and thus requires intensive and critical work in archival sources. It is usually under the most challenging archival conditions, however, that one must call most creatively and rigorously upon historical methods and theoretical ideas. This essay details my personal archival encounters as well as efforts to follow a trail of documents. Evaluating the claims of an alleged experience as well as theorizing from these same documents is an effort not only to recover voices but also to disrupt those canonical discourses that have too often rendered African American women invisible.

CONTENIDO Sección Elecciones Universitarias El síndrome de la "conservadorización apolítica" en el proceso electoral universitario: el caso del NURR-ULA.Zuleta R., Eduardo J. La participación de la fuerza bolivariana universitaria en las elecciones decanales 2005 de la Universidad de Los Andes.Ramírez I., Lílido N. Sección Política Universitaria El consejo universitario de la Universidad de Los Andes secuestra la democracia y autonomía universitaria.Ramírez I., Lílido N. La verdad de la mengua del valor del punto PEI 2005.Ramírez I., Lílido N. Sección Gremial El colmo del abandono gremial de la asociación de profesores de la Universidad de Los Andes.Ramírez I., Lílido N. Nota: Las opiniones contenida en los artículos son de responsabilidad de sus autores. ; edjozuro@hotmail.com ; trimestral ; Nivel analítico

Wortlaut der Dokumente, die in den einzelnen Sitzungsperioden entstanden sind; diverse Themen in Form von Bestimmungen, Vorschlägen, Übereinkünften, Kommuniques etc. (DÜI-Ham)

Abstract
This article discusses the implementation of the press publishers' right introduced by Art. 15 of the Directive on Copyright in the Digital Single Market (CDSM). It analyses Member States' transpositions through the lens of the legislative intent of the EU legislator, who aimed to strengthen the press publishers' bargaining position towards digital intermediates while preserving users' freedom to share information online. The article argues that the implementation process further exposes the shortcomings of the press publishers' right and its unfitness to deliver the goals set. The negotiation basis that the right provides is neither clear, nor capable of correcting bargaining imbalances, as it is unable to force relevant platforms to the negotiation table. The extension of the scope of the press publishers' right to social media is questionable, as it inherently influences users' freedoms. The article cautions against the implementation of the press publishers' right in a way that mimics the solutions endorsed in the competition law-based bargaining codes with the excess of implementation freedoms provided by the CDSM Directive.

In this biography, Ula Taylor explores the life and ideas of one of the most important, if largely unsung, Pan-African freedom fighters of the twentieth century: Amy Jacques Garvey (1895-1973). Born in Jamaica, Amy Jacques moved in 1917 to Harlem, where she became involved in the Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA), the largest Pan-African organization of its time. She served as the private secretary of UNIA leader Marcus Garvey; in 1922, they married. Soon after, she began to give speeches and to publish editorials urging black women to participate in the Pan-African movement and addressing issues that affected people of African descent across the globe. After her husband's death in 1940, Jacques Garvey emerged as a gifted organizer for the Pan-African cause. Although she faced considerable male chauvinism, she persisted in creating a distinctive feminist voice within the movement. In her final decades, Jacques Garvey constructed a thriving network of Pan-African contacts, including Nnamdi Azikiwe, Kwame Nkrumah, George Padmore, and W. E. B. Du Bois. Taylor examines the many roles Jacques Garvey played throughout her life, as feminist, black nationalist, journalist, daughter, mother, and wife. Tracing her political and intellectual evolution, the book illuminates the leadership and enduring influence of this remarkable activist.