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Der Beitrag entwickelt ein Untersuchungsraster für die Analyse der Auswirkungen von Innovationen auf die Wettbewerbssituation. Es basiert auf dem Konzept der Beeinflussung der bestehenden Produktionssysteme und Marketing-Strategien durch Innovationen. Die Anwendung des Konzepts ergibt die Kategorisierung von Innovationen in vier Typen, die am Beispiel der technischen Entwicklung der Automobilindustrie in den USA erläutert werden. Die Untersuchung zeigt, daß die unterschiedlichen Kategorien der Innovation verbunden mit unterschiedlichen Entwicklungsmustern und Managementformen auftreten. (IAB)

Agency personnel frequently follow standard of immediate consequences when deciding how to act.

Signers of a petition did not concur in their opinions about the issue the petition dealt with, and readers assumed position of signers was more extreme than it really was.

Microinsurance institutions and instruments have developed rapidly over the last decade, with policies covering tens of millions at the base of the economic pyramid. Ranging from simple policies providing life or health insurance to complex policies covering catastrophic risks for small landholders, it is a market with proven potential that demands closer attention. This paper provides a review of the nascent academic literature and then suggests some critical elements of insurance theory that may help us understand the challenges facing microinsurance markets and how these markets can better serve the needs of their customers. Although the basic theory is well known, application to microinsurance markets reveals interesting variations on known results.

The new television series Lie to Me portrays a social scientist solving crimes through his ability to read nonverbal communication. Promotional materials claim the content is based on actual science. Participants ( N = 108) watched an episode of Lie to Me, a different drama, or no program and then judged a series of honest and deceptive interviews. Lie to Me viewers were no better at distinguishing truths from lies but were more likely than control participants to misidentify honest interviewees as deceptive. Watching Lie to Me decreases truth bias thereby increasing suspicion of others while at the same time reducing deception detection ability.