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International audience The importance of environmental protection for the survival of the human species of the earth seems evident, as does the role of law in this sphere. Thinking about the environment as a fundamental right, however, is not such an easy task. The environment was being introduced little by little as an object of protection by the legal order and its consideration as a human right or fundamental right is an even more recent fact. Considering that the incorporation of the environment in the context of fundamental rights implies several difficulties, the aim of this work is to demonstrate that its inclusion in the legal order is not without consequences. In this way, the text reflects the understanding of the legal recognition of environmental law and analyzes the elements that have led to the formal legal recognition of this right. ; L'importance de la protection de l'environnement pour la survie de l'espèce humaine sur terre semble évidente, ainsi que le rôle du droit dans le domaine. Penser l'environnement en tant que droit fondamental, cependant, ne pas être une tâche aussi facile. Certes, ce n'est que peu à peu que l'environnement a été introduit comme un sujet de protection par l'ordre juridique et, sa prise en compte en tant que droit de l'homme ou droit fondamental est un fait encore plus récent. Considérant que la prise en compte de l'environnement en tant que droit fondamental engendre un certain nombre de difficultés, l'objectif de ce travail est de démontrer que l'inscription du droit à l'environnement dans l'ordre juridique n'est pas anodine. Dans cette perspective nous décrivons le chemin parcouru par le droit à l'environnement dans son affirmation en tant que droit de l'homme et insertion dans le cadre formel du droit positif.

From the inception of modern, petrochemical-derived synthetic plastics to the contemporary situation in which over 300 million tons of plastic are produced each year, media assemblages and plastics constitute a range of intra-actions that contribute to our understanding of contemporary material politics. This article explores a number of issues surrounding entanglements of media and plastics, including the formation of vast oceanic plastic garbage patches, the treatment of highly toxic electronics waste, the usage of thermal papers that disrupt the human endocrine system, and the formation of technical fossils whose lack of biodegradability forms one strand of evidence within discourses of the Anthropocene. The material politics of plastics places into conversation temporal scales ranging from geological rhythms, which are measured in millions of years, to the hyperconsumption of 24/7 global capitalism, asking pertinent questions about how we conceptualize contemporary ethical and biopolitical issues surrounding humans and other living systems.

References to Sraffa and to the neo-Ricardian school is something quite customary in ecological economics. By looking at contributions in this area since the beginning of ecological economics and at contributions on environmental problem from the neo-Ricardian school, we see that a connection between both school still has to be made. This connection should be articulated around the initial aim of Sraffa: to develop a new paradigm, competing against the neoclassical one. Only then it will be possible to develop a real eco-Sraffian approach able to pursue the analysis of the sustainability of the economic system.

References to Sraffa and to the neo-Ricardian school is something quite customary in ecological economics. By looking at contributions in this area since the beginning of ecological economics and at contributions on environmental problem from the neo-Ricardian school, we see that a connection between both school still has to be made. This connection should be articulated around the initial aim of Sraffa: to develop a new paradigm, competing against the neoclassical one. Only then it will be possible to develop a real eco-Sraffian approach able to pursue the analysis of the sustainability of the economic system.

References to Sraffa and to the neo-Ricardian school is something quite customary in ecological economics. By looking at contributions in this area since the beginning of ecological economics and at contributions on environmental problem from the neo-Ricardian school, we see that a connection between both school still has to be made. This connection should be articulated around the initial aim of Sraffa: to develop a new paradigm, competing against the neoclassical one. Only then it will be possible to develop a real eco-Sraffian approach able to pursue the analysis of the sustainability of the economic system.

mapping of: Abdallah Last, Stéphanie (coord.) (2010). 'Islamic feminism today'. International criticism, No. 46, pp. 7-100. Abdallah Last, Stéphanie (coord.) (2010). File "Islamic feminism". Review of Muslim worlds and the Mediterranean, No 128, pp. 11-228. ; Recension de: Latte Abdallah, Stéphanie (coord.) (2010). Dossier " Le féminisme islamique aujourd'hui ". Critique internationale, n°46, p. 7-100. Latte Abdallah, Stéphanie (coord.) (2010). Dossier " Féminismes islamiques ". Revue des mondes musulmans et de la Méditerranée, n°128, p. 11-228.

International audience ; Geopolitics and demography: analysis of missing girls in China shows that it can, internally, contribute to social unrest or social difficulties because, in all cases, the behavior of both sexes suffer the consequences of this deficit which is a source of instability societal. In addition, it can lead to foreign policy choices that may lead to international tensions or go to violent conflict. ; Géopolitique et démographie : l'analyse du déficit de filles en Chine montre qu'il peut, en interne, contribuer à des troubles sociaux ou à des difficultés sociales car, dans toutes les hypothèses, les comportements des deux sexes subissent les conséquences de ce déficit qui est une source d'instabilité sociétale. En outre, il peut conduire à des choix de politique extérieure pouvant occasionner des tensions internationales ou aller jusqu'à des conflits violents.

International audience ; Geopolitics and demography: analysis of missing girls in China shows that it can, internally, contribute to social unrest or social difficulties because, in all cases, the behavior of both sexes suffer the consequences of this deficit which is a source of instability societal. In addition, it can lead to foreign policy choices that may lead to international tensions or go to violent conflict. ; Géopolitique et démographie : l'analyse du déficit de filles en Chine montre qu'il peut, en interne, contribuer à des troubles sociaux ou à des difficultés sociales car, dans toutes les hypothèses, les comportements des deux sexes subissent les conséquences de ce déficit qui est une source d'instabilité sociétale. En outre, il peut conduire à des choix de politique extérieure pouvant occasionner des tensions internationales ou aller jusqu'à des conflits violents.

International audience ; Geopolitics and demography: analysis of missing girls in China shows that it can, internally, contribute to social unrest or social difficulties because, in all cases, the behavior of both sexes suffer the consequences of this deficit which is a source of instability societal. In addition, it can lead to foreign policy choices that may lead to international tensions or go to violent conflict. ; Géopolitique et démographie : l'analyse du déficit de filles en Chine montre qu'il peut, en interne, contribuer à des troubles sociaux ou à des difficultés sociales car, dans toutes les hypothèses, les comportements des deux sexes subissent les conséquences de ce déficit qui est une source d'instabilité sociétale. En outre, il peut conduire à des choix de politique extérieure pouvant occasionner des tensions internationales ou aller jusqu'à des conflits violents.

International audience ; China, which has a fifth of the population in the world, posted a narrowing of the size of the household and its families. We must explain combines shrinking the size of Chinese families is explained by the demographic policy. Consequently, the composition by age and sex in China is particularly hit because of political upheavals and shocks arising from changing demographic policies. ; La Chine, qui compte le cinquième de la population dans le monde, enregistre un rétrécissement de la taille de ses ménages et de ses familles. Il faut expliquer combine le rétrécissement de la taille des familles chinoises s'explique par la politique démographique. En conséquence, la composition par âge et par sexe de la Chine se trouve particulièrement heurtée du fait des bouleversements politiques et des secousses nées de politiques démographiques changeantes.

International audience ; China, which has a fifth of the population in the world, posted a narrowing of the size of the household and its families. We must explain combines shrinking the size of Chinese families is explained by the demographic policy. Consequently, the composition by age and sex in China is particularly hit because of political upheavals and shocks arising from changing demographic policies. ; La Chine, qui compte le cinquième de la population dans le monde, enregistre un rétrécissement de la taille de ses ménages et de ses familles. Il faut expliquer combine le rétrécissement de la taille des familles chinoises s'explique par la politique démographique. En conséquence, la composition par âge et par sexe de la Chine se trouve particulièrement heurtée du fait des bouleversements politiques et des secousses nées de politiques démographiques changeantes.

International audience ; Médée, la négation incarnée, n'existe, semble-t-il, en littérature que "par opposition à ". Lorsqu'elle-même devient modèle ou référence, elle se fait le modèle du paradoxe révoltant. Chez Sénèque, elle semble être plus que cela: la contradiction, l'envers des choses. Or certains des thèmes concernés par ce travail de négation appartiennent aux Troyennes, comme le partus, l'enfantement, ou le pignus, le gage d'amour. Quelques scènes de Médée peuvent même apparaître comme l'inverse de certains passages des Troyennes. Confrontées à des données étrangement semblables (la barbarie, l'exil, la mer, le feu), les mères en deuil des Troyennes définissent un monde tragique et des valeurs de référence pour Médée. Mis, malgré l'opposition radicale, le masque de Médée ne dissimule pas entièrement certains traits d'Hécube ou d'Andromaque, toujours prêts à réapparaître et ce sont les moments les plus pathétiques…Médée incarne-t-elle, chez Sénèque, l'altérité radicale? N'est-elle pas plutôt une image inversée des mères en deuil, Troyennes éplorées dont elle est parfois, comme d'un précipice, dangereusement proche?

IT SEEMS REASONABLE TO SUPPOSE THAT BROAD NEW PUBLIC POLICIES SHOULD BE TRIED OUT ON AN EXPERIMENTAL BASIS BEFORE SUBJECTING THE ENTIRE COUNTRY TO THEM. THE PURPOSE OF THIS PAPER IS TO EXAMINE THIS PRESUPPOSITION AND TO INDICATE THAT IT CAN BE BROADENED WITHOUT VIOLATING THE CANONS OF SCIENTIFIC EFFORT; ALSO TO OFFER SUGGESTIONS TO POLICY RESEARCHERS.

Trying to prevent or eradicate difficulties in the company by looking for solutions goes with the description of different actors' contribution. Toward that, the Organization for the Harmonization of Corporate Law in Africa (OHADA) applied in Cameroon, empowered the debtors, creditors and the judicial bodies with numbers of prerogatives. However, the employee seems to be powerless when it comes to the anticipation or to the process's leverage even though he/she is so much concerned with the company's sustainability. The feeling to be left out from the process could demotivate the employee and impact on his/her performance in the company; however, his/her implication to the design process and decision making could develop a sense of corporate citizenship. In this way, when the company is experiencing difficulties, the dialogue to be set should involve all the concerned parties. The various energies contributing daily to the company's success should be put together. This research intends to suggest an implementation approach for social dialogue for the day-to-day management of the company as well as the crisis resolution; in short, a real employees' implication in decision making process. ; École doctorale : DSP Discipline : Droit privé et sciences criminelles Spécialité : Droit privé Unité de recherche : Droit et Changement social Présentée et soutenue publiquement le 9 janvier 2018 L'implication du salarié dans la prévention et le traitement des difficultés des entreprises dans l'espace OHADA. Le cas du Cameroun.La recherche des solutions pour prévenir ou éradiquer les difficultés de l'entreprise passe par l'articulation de diverses interventions d'acteurs. En ce sens, le droit de l'Organisation pour l'Harmonisation en Afrique du droit des Affaires (OHADA), applicable au Cameroun, a doté le débiteur, les créanciers et les organes judiciaires de nombreuses prérogatives. Cependant, le salarié semble être privé de réelles possibilités d'anticiper ou d'influencer le processus, alors qu'il est au plus fort degré ...

Introduction Misinformation is a complex concept and its meaning can encompass several kinds of different phenomena. Liang Wu et el. consider a wide variety of online behavior as misinformation: 1 unintentionally spreading false information, intentionally spreading false information, disseminating urban legends, sharing fake news, unverified information, and rumors, as well as crowdturfing, spamming, trolling, and propagating hate speech, or being involved in cyberbullying. The aim of this review is to address the following question: "What psychological interventions countering misinformation can be deployed on popular social media platforms (e.g. Twitter, Facebook)?". In order to address this question, we have designed a systematic scoping review procedure in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. 2,3 Effective measures of countering misinformation on social media are instrumental for facilitating and fostering reliable public conversation about political and social problems. Moreover, countering misinformation on social media platforms can be also considered a public health intervention, especially in the time of health emergencies, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods and analysis A scoping review is a modern, rigorous approach to synthesis science, developed among others by the Joanna Briggs Institute team. For data extractions, we plan to use the following databases: Embase, Scopus, and PubMed. For paper selection, eligibility criteria were defined.