Search results

Iraq: politics, governance, and human rights / Kenneth Katzman. - The Kurds in post-Saddam Iraq / Kenneth Katzman. - Iran-Iraq relations / Kenneth Katzman. - Iraq's debt relief: procedure and potential implications for international debt relief / Martin A. Weiss. - Iraq: the transition from a military mission to a civilian-led effort / Committee on Foreign Relations. - Iraq: a forgotten mission? / Commission on Wartime Contracting. - Displaced Iraqis: integrated international strategy needed to reintegrate Iraq's internally displaced and returning refugees / GAO

Frontmatter -- Contents -- Acronyms -- Foreword -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- PART I -- Kurdish Nationalism in Comparative Perspective -- Historical Setting: The Roots of Modern Kurdish Nationalism -- The Dual Relationship between Kurdish Tribalism and Nationalism -- PART II -- Kurdish Integration in Iraq: The Paradoxes of Nation Formation and Nation Building -- The Evolution of National Identity and the Constitution-Drafting Process in the Kurdistan-Iraq Region -- Forging Iraqi-Kurdish Identity: A Case Study of Kurdish Novelists Writing in Arabic -- PART III -- A Tale of Political Consciousness: The Rise of a Nonviolent Kurdish Political Movement in Turkey -- The Role of Language in the Evolution of Kurdish National Identity in Turkey -- The Kurdish Women in Turkey: Nation Building and the Struggle for Gender Parity -- PART IV -- The Kurds in Syria: Caught between the Struggle for Civil Equality and the Search for National Identity -- Toward a Generational Rupture within the Kurdish Movement in Syria? -- PART V -- The Kurds in Iran: The Quest for Identity -- The Nostalgic Republic: The Kurdish Republic of 1946 and Its Effect on Kurdish Identity and Nation Building in Iran -- Conclusion: The Kurdish Momentum -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Contributors -- Index

When the Ottoman Empire fell apart, colonial powers drew straight lines on the map to create a new region — the Middle East — made up of new countries filled with multiple religious sects and ethnicities. Syria, Iraq and Lebanon, for example, all contained a kaleidoscope of Sunnis, Kurds, Shias, Circassians, Druze and Armenians. Israel was the first to establish a state in which one sect and ethnicity dominated others. Sixty years later, others are following suit, like the Kurds in northern Iraq, the Sunnis with ISIS, the Alawites in Syria, and the Shias in Baghdad and northern Yemen. The rise of irredentist states threatens to condemn the region to decades of conflict along new communal fault lines. In this book, Economist correspondent and New York Review of Books contributor Nicolas Pelham looks at how and why the world's most tolerant region degenerated into its least tolerant. Pelham reports from cities in Israel, Kurdistan, Iraq and Syria on how triumphant sects treat their ethnic and sectarian minorities, and he searches for hope — for a possible path back to the beauty that the region used to and can still radiate

1. The role of the judicial system in the politicide of the Kurdish opposition / Derya Bayir -- 2. The representation of the Democratic Society Party (DTP) in the mainstream Turkish media / Derya Erdem -- 3. Mobilising the Kurds in Turkey : Newroz as a myth / Delal Aydin -- 4. State sovereignty and the politics of fear : ethnography of political violence and the Kurdish struggle in Turkey / Ramazan Aras -- 5. Re-defining the role of women within the Kurdish national movement in Turkey in the 1990s / Necla Acik -- 6. Taking to the streets! Kurdish collective action in Turkey / Kariane Westrheim -- 7. Repression or reform? An analysis of the AKP's Kurdish language policy / Welat Zeydanlioglu -- 8. Confederalism and autonomy in Turkey : the Kurdistan Workers' Party and the reinvention of democracy / Ahmet Hamdi Akkaya and Joost Jongerden -- 9. The impact of the EU on minority rights : the Kurds as a case / Zelal B. Kizilkan Kisacik -- 10. Music and reconciliation in Turkey / Ozan E. Aksoy -- 11. Elimination or integration of pro-Kurdish politics : limits of the AKP's democratic initiative / Cuma Cicek -- 12. Political reconciliation in Turkey : challenges and prospects / Cengiz Gunes.

For nearly a thousand years, Turks, Persians, Arabs and Kurds have lived and continue to live together with each other. The idioms, proverbs, words and expressions they have produced mutually about each other have been brought together in this study. Mixed methods were used in the study. Scans were made with both document analysis and also compilation was carried out through face-to-face interviews. As a result of the study, 147 items were identified in Arabic, 213 in Persian and 88 in Sorani Kurdish regarding Turks. These words were classified according to both their field of use and meaning. The data obtained as a result of the classifications were shown with graphs and their comments were made. As a result, it was revealed that the most words were in Persian, Arabic and Sorani Kurdish, respectively. As a result of the study, it was determined that there were 72 items related to Arabs, 33 to Persians/Iranians and 36 to Kurds in Turkish. As in other languages, the words in Turkiye Turkish were classified and commented in terms of meaning and theme. Keywords: Arabian langugae, Turkey Turkish, image study, Persian language, Kurdish langugae.

Following the tragic murder of Jina Mahsa Amini, a Kurdish woman, in 2022, subsequent protests in 2022–23 presented a significant intersectional challenge to the Islamic Republic of Iran's (IRI) political order, revealing deep-seated issues of ethnic, economic, gender, and political discrimination. Originating in the Kurdish region, these protests quickly spread across Iran and its diaspora, offering a glimpse of potential intersectional solidarity cutting across ethnic, gender, and religious lines. Notably, Kurds and Baluchis played a leading role in the protests, bearing the highest toll in terms of lives lost and injuries sustained. The Iranian regime responded ruthlessly, employing military violence to supress dissent and systematically dehumanizing these communities in an attempt to undermine their vocal opposition to the exclusionary and hierarchical rule rooted in Persian and Shiite dominance. Throughout history, the Kurds have consistently stood at the vanguard of resistance against the political authority in Tehran, as well as challenging the dominance of Persian and Shiite supremacy. This enduring opposition is instrumental to understanding the widespread, well-articulated, and mobilized resistance to the IRI's abuses of power. This resistance finds its epitome in the Women, Life, Freedom social movement.1

Abstract
There is a growing literature on gender and feminist theory in the Middle East now. However, there has been little work on Kurdish diasporas and gender in the United States. This article examines how US diasporic Kurdish performances of gender and narrations of gender work to create the figure of the "Kurdish woman." Instead of falling into the trap of Orientalist constructions of womanhood, Kurdish diasporas imagine "Kurdish woman" as a way to challenge nation-state assimilation projects and erasure by practicing identity at the intersections of ethnicity, religion, gender, and race. The category of "woman" becomes an important venue to manage statelessness, create an important archive for Kurds, challenge ongoing colonialism in Kurdistan, and challenge US imperialism. Therefore "Kurdish woman" constitutes an important spatial and historical terrain for Kurdish women and Kurdish men to manage their racialization across national contexts and partake in the racialization of "others." "Woman" is activated in the service of difference as a means to showcase the heterogeneity within Kurdish communities and expound on the relations Kurds in the US diaspora have with nation, religion, history, and resistance.