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Based on address before the Africa day conference, London, Eng., Nov. 17, 1957.

Interview in which Thompson argues that she benefited from never being encompassed by academic institutions. Participation in the labour and peace movements provided political and social networks affording new perspectives for the task of writing history. If society needs engaged scholars, intellectuals themselves suffer if they allow themselves to be enclosed in a self-sufficient academy.

A theory of National Health Service (NHS) policy making is sought. One possible integrative model is that of systems theory. Applications of this theory to the policy areas identified by R. Klein ('Policy Problems and Policy Perceptions in the National Health Service,' Policy & Politics, 1973, 2), care of the mentally ill & planning of medical manpower, are suggested. This model offers a convincing account of the realities of policy making by the NHS. In Systems Modelling and the National Health Service: A Reply, Rudolf Klein argues that the systems model does not help to answer the question of why particular changes do or do not occur at particular times. Such variation must be explained by attention to the traditional concerns of political science. W. H. Stoddard.

Background  As part of a UK programme of work focusing on older people with intellectual disabilities, the circumstance of those who reside in generic services for older people were investigated.Materials and methods  Questionnaires were sent to 2570 residential and nursing homes in 53 local authorities across the UK.Results  Five hundred and thirty returned questionnaires identified 215 people with intellectual disabilities currently living in 150 homes. They were significantly younger than the other residents, and were placed in these homes more often because of organizational change or the ageing/death of a family carer, rather than any changes in their own needs. Several potential indicators of a low quality of life were identified, including limited opportunities to get out, to access day services, to have contact with family or friends and to receive input from professionals outside the home.Conclusions  Attention needs to be given both to people with intellectual disabilities already residing in older people's services and to the prevention of further inappropriate placements.