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This essay tried to describe the social relationship between Malay and Chinese in Malaysia nowadays. Malay and Chinese are the largest ethnic group in Malaysia. These groups influence development of nation building. Their character, values and life perpective were implemented into their social life. Political journey and political economy of the state are resultant of cooperation, contestation, and conflict between these groups. According to official report, media and political discourse, both groups are based on different based and eventually located separatedly in almost every aspect of social life. However, the gap has not broken a stability and development of the state from agricultural to industrial. The social change is demonstrated into economic development, bussiness, economic share and ethno-religion management for a peace, stability, and development. Since a social change is very incremental and evolutional instead of reformation, revolution and ethnic war, scholars and social observer are missed to observed behind ethnic, culture, ethnic gap, familiarity and life perspective. Although they are different ethnic, in aspect of perspective, attitude and character, it is exhibited getting close each other instead of different and separated. Kata Kunci: perhubungan etnik, pembangunan bangsa, pembangunan Negara, perubahan social

The paper assesses the transmission of foreign inflationary disturbances for Malaysia. Using quarterly data from 1971 to 2003, we form a four–variable vector error correction model (VECM) consisting of domestic prices, US prices, Ringgit exchange rate and relative interest rate. Apart from the full–sample analysis, recursive and rolling regressions are adopted to examine potential changes in inflation transmission from the US to Malaysia. As a basis for inferences, we rely on the speed of adjustments estimates as well as the sig–nificance of lagged first–differenced terms of the VECM. The results unequivocally suggest significant spillover of US inflationary disturbances to Malaysia in the short run regardless of the estimation periods. However, the speed of adjustment estimates for domestic prices tend to decline or turn insignificant when recent observations are added. Our findings demonstrate that inflation transmission across nations ought not to be cast in the light of exchange rate regimes alone. Indeed, the degree of capital mobility may have played a more dominant role.

This paper empirically assesses the effect of the yen‐dollar exchange rate on selected macroeconomic variables, namely, real output, price level, and money supply, for Malaysia. The results, which are based on a vector autoregressive framework, suggest that variations in the yen‐dollar rate can have significant influences on Malaysia's macroeconomic variables. More specifically, the yen‐dollar depreciation leads to contraction in real GDP and money supply. These results are fairly robust to alternative model specifications. We believe that, apart from providing important insights into the interactions between the yen‐dollar rate and domestic macroeconomic variables, our results contribute to the debate on choice of exchange rate regimes for Malaysia.

The research examined the effectiveness of decentralization program on the healthcare sector at the provincial level in the context of political and administrative decentralization. It adopted qualitative approach and employed the technique of in-depth interview, observation on documentation. Informants consist of public servants, practitioners, community and relevant stakeholders. The implementation of decentralization does not work that ideal for some reason: the devolution and the decentralization programs are not conducted simultaneously, mutually support and complimentary; the lack of local apparatus capabilities to understand and carry out the principles and the practices of the programs in the field; the limitation of financial sources and support to conduct the programs.

The research examined the effectiveness of decentralization program on the healthcare sector at the provincial level in the context of political and administrative decentralization. It adopted qualitative approach and employed the technique of in-depth interview, observation on documentation. Informants consist of public servants, practitioners, community and relevant stakeholders. The implementation of decentralization does not work that ideal for some reason: the devolution and the decentralization programs are not conducted simultaneously, mutually support and complimentary; the lack of local apparatus capabilities to understand and carry out the principles and the practices of the programs in the field; the limitation of financial sources and support to conduct the programs.