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A synthesis of the thesis of subimperialism developed by the Brazilian economist Ruy Mauro Marini with more dynamic theories of global capitalism sheds light on the international relations of South America's largest country. Shifts in Brazil's foreign economic relations may be seen as structured more by the changes wrought by globalization than byi nstitutional changes or conjunctural policies enacted by the Partidos dos Trabalhadores(Workers' party - PT). Instead of representing a new form of social justice-based internationalism resulting from a shift in the internal balance of class power in favor of theworking classes and other progressive forces, the country's foreign policy initiatives are structured more by the regional orientation of Brazilian elites interested in reproducing their class position in a globalized capitalist economy. (Latin American Perspectives/GIGA)

"A prominent authority on China's Belt and Road Initiative reveals the global risks lurking within Beijing's project of the century. China's Belt and Road Initiative is the world's most ambitious and misunderstood geoeconomic vision. To carry out President Xi Jinping's flagship foreign-policy effort, China promises to spend over one trillion dollars for new ports, railways, fiber-optic cables, power plants, and other connections. The plan touches more than one hundred and thirty countries and has expanded into the Arctic, cyberspace, and even outer space. Beijing says that it is promoting global development, but Washington warns that it is charting a path to global dominance. Taking readers on a journey to China's projects in Asia, Europe, and Africa, Jonathan E. Hillman reveals how this grand vision is unfolding. As China pushes beyond its borders and deep into dangerous territory, it is repeating the mistakes of the great powers that came before it, Hillman argues. If China succeeds, it will remake the world and place itself at the center of everything. But Xi may be overreaching: all roads do not yet lead to Beijing."