Closes a set of essays on the shift toward neomedievalism in international society, wherein the relationship among identity, function, & territory is stressed. It is argued that the territorial nation-state is being undermined from above & below, & "national territoriality" is under stress from regional particularisms, civil wars, & social movements. In this context the neomedieval diplomacy involves various factors vying for political space in relational interactions encouraged by complex individual-regional, regional-state, state-state, state-multinational company, state-international organization, etc, interdependencies. With the emergence of multiple & contested identities comes the dilemma of creolization & with it a rise in civil wars. In this light, contributions are reviewed. Relationships between political institutions, authority, identity, & security in the global order is then addressed in terms of comparing the neomedieval order with the classical & Cold War state systems. It is concluded that neomedievalism, a system of overlapping authorities & crisscrossing loyalties, has possibly eliminated the absolute authority of sovereign states, changing political life. 1 Table. J. Zendejas
Pemerintah Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta yang mengeluarkan beberapa kebijakan penanggulangan pencemaran udara menghadapi banyak kendala implementasi. Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui implementasi kebijakan pengelolaan kualitas udara perkotaan terkait transportasi di provinsi tersebut dengan pendekatan model sistem. Faktor yang diamati meliputi instrumen kebijakan, sumber daya dan manajemen. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif yang menggunakan sumber data primer dengan metode wawancara mendalam dan sumber data sekunder telaah dokumen. Data primer digali dariberbagai informan yang berkompeten meliputi Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah, Biro Hukum, Badan Pengelola Dampak Lingkungan Daerah, Dinas Perhubungan, Dinas Kesehatan dan Samsat. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa instrumen kebijakan telah ada, tetapi dipersepsikan hanya berlaku untuk BPLHD. Penegakan hukum belum dilaksanakan secara semestinya karena sistem dan koordinasi belum maksimal; sumber daya manusia dan sumber dana masihkurang; rencana strategis belum ada, serta manajemen dan koordinasi belum maksimal. Untuk implementasi kebijakan pengelolaan kualitas udara perkotaan yang efektif, pembuat dan pelaksana kebijakan perlu memperhatikan beberapa faktor tersebut.Kata kunci: Kualitas udara, perkotaan, implementasi, kebijakan, transportasiAbstractThe Government of DKI Jakarta Province had released some policies regarding to remedy air pollution. However, there are much problems related with urban air quality in DKI Jakarta Province. So that, purpose of this study will know implementation of urban air quality management policy related to transportation by system model approach. The matter will be studied are policy instruments, resources and management. This study is qualitative study. In this study,primary and secondary data will be used. Primary data are collected from in depth interview with competent sources such as Regional Parliamentary, Law Bureau, Regional Authority for Environmental Impact, Transportation Department, Health Department and Samsat. Secondary data are collected by conducting documents. The study result showed that policy instrument has existed, but they are perceived only effective for BPLHD, real law enforcement has been not implemented because system and coordination are not optimal, human and money resources are minimal, and there is no strategic planning so that management and coordination are not optimal. Therefore, to make implementation of urban air quality management policy become effective, the factors should be respected by related parties especially policy makers and policy implementers.Key words: Air quality, urban, implementation, policy, transportation
The determination of the Nagari household budget as stipulated in the provisions of the West Sumatra Province Regional Regulation (Perda) Number 7 of I 2018i concerning Nagari aims to regulate regional finances, especially the Nagari area, which has the scope of I regional finance as referred to in the provisions of Article 2 Government Regulation Number 12 Years 2019i concerning Guidelines for Regional Financial Management. Each Nagari Government is given the freedom and authority to regulate and manage its own finances, but must be guided by the rules that have been set by the Central Government and Regional Governments, in which KAN as a Nagari institution also participates in it.
This study is entitled "The Authority of Tourism Village Management in the Perspective of Bali Provincial Regulation Number 4 of 2019 Regarding Desa Adat." The initial idea of this study originated from the norms in the formation of a tourist village so that the principles and objectives of tourism have not yet been achieved, especially the welfare of the local community, namely "Krama Desa Adat", as implementers, implementers, conservationists and agricultural developers in Bali. Balinese culture as the main foundation of tourism development that is able to prosper the local community. This research focuses on two legal issues namely, How is the authority of the Provincial Government of Bali in preparing Local Regulations on Tourism Villages? How is the authority of Desa Adat in the management of Tourism Villages based on Regional Regulation Number 4 of 2019 About Desa Adat.?The research method that used in this thesis is normative legal research methods. Normative legal research is done by analyzed relevant legislation and literature. The approach used is statue approach and conceptual approach Both of these problems were examined using normative legal research methods and using relevant legal theories to analyze these problem.Based on the analysis, it is known that the Provincial Government has the authority to cerate Regional Regulations to guarantee legal certainty in organizing a Tourism Village in the Province so that it is in accordance with the principles and objectives of tourism, namely the welfare of the community, especially Krama Desa Adat.Keywords: Authority, Tourism Village, Tourism, Customary Village.
The Regional Election Committee is directly mandated by Law No.23 of 2014 concerning Regional Government which is also the hope of the local community and is also one of the objectives of regional autonomy, but there is a negative impact felt by the State civil apparatus to be co-opted and become a subordination of political forces incumbent) who are candidates for regional head elections, this cannot be denied because the State civil apparatus can be a significant political machine to win the Regional Election, The partisanship of civil servants into practical politics is not not due to the fact that even though the merit system in each of the positions of state civil apparatus at all levels both at the central and regional levels must be based on competence. Based on Law No. 5 of 2014 concerning the State Civil Apparatus, but in the system still gives full authority to the elected regional head in placing a person of the State civil apparatus to occupy certain positions of office.
ABSTRACT The welfare effects of public versus private waste disposal with and without flow controls are analyzed. The pricing of private waste disposal services is modeled as being bounded above by the public entity's average disposal cost, but constrained by potential entry of private competitors. It is found that once a publicly owned disposal facility has been built, waste generators are almost always better off if their local government has flow control authority. This results from the necessity of covering the fixed costs of the public facility once it has been built, in conjunction with the expected pricing behavior of private firms.
This paper draws on ethnographic research in Hong Kong to question the effectiveness of Elinor Ostrom's `design principles' in providing solutions to social divisions by social capital building and institutionalised participation. It challenges the strategic and instrumental assumptions of human motivations for not adequately considering moral concerns, a sense of commitment and the right way of doing things in social cooperation. The tendency to formalise the process of participation, by authority building, rule enforcement and threat of sanction, plays down the role of informal institutions in mediating modes of interactions. The practices of good governance can undermine the already-limited social capital of poor people. This paper concludes by offering the `agency—institutions—structures' framework in analysing social capital.
Civic-republican theories of democracy assume that increased levels of civic engagement lead to good government and better public services. This paper tests this assumption by analysing the impact of civic culture on the rate of failure in English public services between 2002 and 2004. The interdependence between failing services and measures of civic culture is modelled using local authority area data. The results show that low levels of political participation, an 'individualist' political culture, less interpersonal trust and scant associational life, lead to more cases of public service failure, even when controlling for a range of environmental constraints. The findings are discussed and conclusions drawn on the impact of civic culture on public service improvement.
There is agreement in the risk perception literature that community concerns about the environmental risks posed by locally unwanted land uses are linked to a wide range of psycho-sociological factors, such as the involuntary nature of the risk and the trustworthiness of the regulatory authority. This paper argues that land-use planning officers need to have an understanding of these wider factors in order to award public anxieties an appropriate weight. It tests this contention by examining planning officers' understandings of public concern about the environmental risks posed by waste-to-energy incinerators. Recommendations are made as to how public concern can be accurately and transparently assessed in terms of a full range of psycho-sociological factors.
Hong Kong's planning control system entails a framework of statutory zoning plans and a discretionary permission process. Through examining past planning decisions on urban office development applications between 1988 and 1997, this paper explores whether this 'hybrid' system provides both certainty for development capital and flexibility in administrative control. Our study concludes that the Hong Kong system offers considerable certainty, although the decision-making criteria of the development controllers tend to deviate from the planning policy applicable to our application cases. Technical merits of the development schemes are found to be necessary, but not sufficient conditions in securing planning permissions. The rejection reasons given by the planning authority apparently disguise their real concerns. Market forces also affect planning control decisions.
This article presents new empirical estimates of the impact of two types of policy intervention, tax subsidies and land use planning, on the housing market in Britain. The estimates are derived from a set of models representing the demand and supply sides of the market for the new private housebuilding which include an explicit land supply element. The models are fitted to cross-sectional data at the inter-urban (local authority) level, and then employed in medium-period simulations of alternative policies. Modelling at this level enables estimates to be made of the extent of variation between local markets in the elasticity of supply and also in the impacts of policy measures, including the capitalisation of tax subsidies.
A theoretical approach to the large-scale dynamics of local government is derived from Marxian political economy. This is then probed and developed by reference to the history of local authority intervention in the sphere of production over the last 100 years. The historical evidence reveals a pattern of periodic change in the stance of local government towards the local enonomy, a pattern that is broadly correlated with the main phases of economic change which have occurred since 1880. This observation is consistent with the theoretical position indicated at the outset, and supports the view that progress towards a macroscopic theory of local government will depend upon the continued investigation of the long march of local history.
Analyses of the social, economic and spatial consequences of council house sales have tended to rely on local case study evidence or limited official statistics at the national level. This paper seeks to provide more systematic evidence for England as a whole. Sales which were completed between 1979 and 1985 are mapped by local authority to indicate the uneven geography of the privatisation of council housing in England. Statistical analyses of key variables are then used to draw out some of the factors at work contributing to high and low levels of sales. One of the principle conclusions is that sale of council houses is leading to a greater unevenness in the national pattern of housing tenure.
The intense and volatile relations between China and Vietnam in the dyadic world of the Cold War have drawn scholarly attention to the strategic concerns of Beijing and Hanoi. In this article I move the level of analysis down to the border space where the peoples of the two countries meet on a daily basis. I examine the tug-of-war between the states and smuggling networks on the Sino-Vietnamese border during the second half of the twentieth century and its implications for the present-day bilateral relationship. I highlight that the existence of the historically nonstate space was a security concern for modernizing states in Asia during and after the Cold War, which is an understudied aspect of China's relations with Vietnam and with its Asian neighbors more broadly. The border issue between China and its Asian neighbors concerned not only territorial disputes and demarcation but also the establishment of state authority in marginal societies. (Asian Perspect/GIGA)
This article discusses the implementation of fisheries policies related to local government management. The results show that the Cambodian government needs to pay attention to incentives for local entrepreneurs. As a manager, the district government has the authority to carry out the functions delegated to him from the provincial government. Likewise with regents who have many tasks, it is necessary to delegate part of their authority to the officials below them. In implementing regional government policies that focus on implementation, it will indirectly improve the performance of fisheries management policies. Empowerment of fishermen should also be directed to provide alternative solutions for fishermen during the dry season. The hope is that fishermen who are poor and vulnerable to being categorized as poor can improve their welfare. In the government system, top level management gives authority to lower management to carry out certain functions. It's been done well. Potential fishery resources need to be managed legally in the form of regional political decisions. Political decisions that are translated into district regulations are a form of local government policy.
