The Concept of Power in Marxist Theory: A Critique and Reformulation

In: Critical sociology, Volume 16, Issue 1, p. 3-26

Abstract

The dominant model of power in Marxist theory contains a number of problematic assumptions. These include: (1) the assumption of objective class interests; (2) the assumption that classes are collective social actors; (3) the assumption that classes have a political "consciousness;" and (4) the assumption that the state is the locus of class power. The central error which underlies these four assumptions of the dominant model is a confusion of the theoretical levels of agency and structure in Marxist theory. The uncritical acceptance of these assumptions has been harmful to the development of Marxist theory and political practice.