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In the Oraibi split of 1906, "traditional" Hopis separated themselves from "progressives" and established the new settlement of Hotevilla in what has been accepted as a response to changing tribal politics. Following the split, some returned to Oraibi but eventually left to establish another new settlement at Bacavi. Drawing on oral accounts from Hopi consultants and on contemporary documents, Peter M. Whiteley argues that the split was in fact the result of a conspiracy among Hopi politico-religious leaders from both the "hostile" and "friendly" factions, a revolution to overturn the allegedly corrupt Oraibi religious order. A crucial element of Whiteley's thesis is that, contrary to established theory, Hopi society was not egalitarian but was controlled by a ruling elite, the pavansinom, who clandestinely planned such events as the destruction of Awatovi because of its reacceptance of Franciscan priests. Through an analysis of Bacavi social structure, Whiteley demonstrates how one fragment of a well-established society went about creating a new social order after the old one drastically fragmented. His detailed portrait of the history and social organization of a Hopi village represents an unusually rich resource for students of Hopi culture and history.

Hopi Dictionary/Hopìikwa Lavàytutuveni:. Hopi‐English Dictionary of the Third Mesa Dialect. The Hopi Dictionary Project. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 1997. 900 pp.

Drawing on oral accounts from Hopi consultants and contemporary documents, Peter M. Whiteley argues that the Oraibi split of 1906 was the result of a conspiracy among Hopi politico-religious leaders, a revolution to overturn the allegedly corrupt Oraibi religious order. Through an analysis of Bacavi social structure, Whiteley demonstrates how one fragment of a well-established society went about creating a new social order after the old one drastically fragmented. ; Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, as part of the Humanities Open Book Program funded jointly by the National Endowment for the Humanities and the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. ; List of Illustrations -- List of Tables -- Preface -- 1. Introduction: The Question and Its Context -- PART I. ORAIBI SOCIETY -- 2. Currents of History -- 3. Oraibi Society in the Late Nineteenth Century -- 4. From Oraibi to Bacavi -- PART II. BACAVI SOCIETY -- 5. Demography, Human Geography, and Economy -- 6. Kinship and Social Structure -- 7. Ritual, Politics, and Some Broader Contexts -- PART III. INTERPRETATIONS -- 8. Hopi Analysis and Anthropological Analysis -- 9. Intentional Actors and Sociocultural Interpretation -- PART IV. REFERENCE MATERIAL -- Appendixes -- 1. Commissioner Leupp's Program for Dealing with the Existing Hopi Troubles -- 2. Letter from Reuben J. Perry to the Commissioner of Indian Affairs, 11-17-1906 -- 3. Agreement Signed by Hostiles Returning to Oraibi -- 4. Letter from Horton H. Miller to the Commissioner of Indian Affairs, 11-12-1909 -- 5. Telegram from Horton H. Miller to the Commissioner of Indian Affairs, 12-4-1909 -- Notes to the Chapters -- References Cited -- Index. ; This title from the Open Arizona collection is made available by the University of Arizona Press and University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions about this title, please contact the UA Press at https://uapress.arizona.edu/contact.

With the help of modern and historic images, innovative page layouts, and compelling first-person accounts, an eye-opening look at the richness and variety of North American natives presents each tribe as an individual, evolving culture, with its own history, artwork, and traditions

Intro -- Contents -- Preface -- Kinship Notation -- Linguistic Note -- 1. A Classic Problem - Thomas R. Trautmann and Peter M. Whiteley -- Crow-Omaha in Theory -- 2. Crossness and Crow-Omaha - Thomas R. Trautmann -- 3. Tetradic Theory and Omaha Systems - Nicholas J. Allen -- North America -- 4. Omaha and "Omaha" - R. H. Barnes -- 5. Crow-Omaha Kinship in North America: A Puebloan Perspective - Peter M. Whiteley -- 6. Phylogenetic Analysis of Sociocultural Data: Identifying Transformation Vectors for Kinship Systems - Ward C. Wheeler, Peter M. Whiteley, and Theodore Powers -- Africa -- 7. A Tetradic Starting Point for Skewing? Marriage as a Generational Contract: Reflections on Sister-Exchange in Africa - Wendy James -- 8. Crow-(and Omaha-) TypeKinship Terminology: The Fanti Case - David B. Kronenfeld -- 9. Deep-Time Historical Contexts of Crow and Omaha Systems Perspectives from Africa - Christopher Ehret -- South America -- 10. The Making and Unmaking of "Crow-Omaha" Kinship in Central Brazil(ian Ethnology) - Marcela Coelho de Souza -- 11. Schemas of Kinship Relations and the Construction of Social Categories among the Mebêngôkrê Kayapó - Terence Turner -- Australia -- 12. Omaha Skewing in Australia Overlays, Dynamism, and Change - Patrick McConvell -- 13. "Horizontal" and "Vertical" Skewing Similar Objectives, Two Solutions? - Laurent Dousset -- Afterword -- 14. Crow-Omaha, in Thickness and in Thin - Thomas R. Trautmann and Peter M. Whiteley -- Notes -- Glossary -- References -- Topics Index -- Peoples Index -- Persons Index.

ABSTRACTThe toponyms of Hopitutskwa ("Hopi land") explicate Hopi history and culture. Place‐names mark sacred locations, landforms associated with deities and historical events, springs, trails, and "footprints" of ancestral villages, petroglyphs, and other archaeological sites. The National Science Foundation funded a collaborative project to document the Hopi language by recording toponyms and associated narratives. Interviews with 15 Hopi individuals produced linguistic and ethnocartographic records of 282 place‐names. Audio and video recordings preserve the vocalization of place‐names pronounced in Hopi as well as their use in a larger Hopi language contextualization. The variety and distribution of toponyms discussed during interviews demonstrates how Hopis remember, interact with, and honor their land.

For societies with writing systems, hereditary leadership is documented as one of the hallmarks of early political complexity and governance. In contrast, it is unknown whether hereditary succession played a role in the early formation of prehistoric complex societies that lacked writing. Here we use an archaeogenomic approach to identify an elite matriline that persisted between 800 and 1130 CE in Chaco Canyon, the centre of an expansive prehistoric complex society in the Southwestern United States. We show that nine individuals buried in an elite crypt at Pueblo Bonito, the largest structure in the canyon, have identical mitochondrial genomes. Analyses of nuclear genome data from six samples with the highest DNA preservation demonstrate mother–daughter and grandmother–grandson relationships, evidence for a multigenerational matrilineal descent group. Together, these results demonstrate the persistence of an elite matriline in Chaco for ∼330 years.