Educate the girls: long run effects of secondary schooling for girls in Pakistan
In: World development: the multi-disciplinary international journal devoted to the study and promotion of world development, Band 161, S. 1-26
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In: World development: the multi-disciplinary international journal devoted to the study and promotion of world development, Band 161, S. 1-26
World Affairs Online
In: The Geneva papers on risk and insurance - issues and practice, Band 39, Heft 2, S. 201-223
ISSN: 1468-0440
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Working paper
In: Economic Development and Cultural Change, Band 72, Heft 2, S. 919-957
ISSN: 1539-2988
In: Economic Development and Cultural Change, Band 71, Heft 1, S. 185-221
ISSN: 1539-2988
In: NBER Working Paper No. w24977
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In: Turner, Ginger; Said, Farah; Afzal, Uzma; Campbell, Karen. Preventing Disaster: Early Warning Systems for Climate Change. United Nations Environmental Programme, edited by Ashbindu Singh and Zinta Zommers, Springer Netherlands, January 2014.
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In: The economic journal: the journal of the Royal Economic Society, Band 134, Heft 664, S. 3063-3095
ISSN: 1468-0297
Abstract
We conduct a field experiment in which we offer credit and saving contracts to the same pool of Pakistani microfinance clients. Additional treatments test ex ante demand for soft commitment (in the form of reminders, either to respondents or to their families), hard commitment (in the form of a penalty for missing an instalment) and flexibility (an option to postpone an instalment) to save or pay loan instalments on time. We find substantial demand for fixed repayment contracts in both the credit and savings domains, in ways that imply that respondents value the commitment required. While we find little or no average demand for additional contractual features, we nonetheless observe that different combinations of contractual add-ons are preferred depending on the respondent's level of financial discipline. Respondents with high financial discipline prefer flexibility in credit contracts when combined with reminders to self while those with low discipline value penalties in savings contracts only when paired with reminders. Our results imply that, for the average microfinance client, demand for commitment is met through the regular payment schedule built into standard microcredit or commitment savings contracts. However, combining penalties or flexibility with reminders may appeal to certain subsets of clients.
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In: The economic journal: the journal of the Royal Economic Society, Band 129, Heft 621, S. 2265-2265
ISSN: 1468-0297
In: NBER Working Paper No. w25802
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In: The Economic Journal, Band 128, Heft 614, S. 2161-2190
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In: The economic journal: the journal of the Royal Economic Society, Band 128, Heft 614, S. 2161-2190
ISSN: 1468-0297
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Working paper
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