Suchergebnisse

Frie emneord: Olje \" \" : Tungmetaller A former Soviet military armoured vehicle workshop has been subject to site investigation to examine soil and groundwater contamination. Site investiga- tions have indicated that groundwater is contaminated by hydrocarbons, free phase LNAPL oil being found in one of the boreholes (borehole 3 beneath the scrapyard). Soils at the site are contamonated by oil and the heavy metals, Pb, Cu, Zn and Cd. Risk assessment techniques have been applied to make a so-called \"Tier2\" assessment of risk to human health and risk to water resources. The asessment has concluded that contamination from the site will not reach the River Daugava within 39 years, even without taking into account sorption and biodegradation. The risk assessment concludes that the site can remain in its current usage or be redeveloped for commercial purposes without any risk to human health. The assessment predicts no unacceptable risk to off-site groundwater resour- ces (well in Quaternary aquifer at 200 m distance or bore in Devonian at 500 m distance) or to the River Daugava from the site. If the site id redeveloped for residential use or for open public access (parkland), an unacceptable human health risk may be present. If suck redevel- opment is proposed, either (a) a \"Tier 3\" risk assessment should be carried out to make a more refined, less conservative assessment of risk or (b) cleanup of selected areas shoould be carried out to cited risk-based clean-up levels. ; 45572

Frie emneord: Olje A former Soviet military fuel depot has been subject to site investigation to examine soil and groundwater contamination. Risk assessment techniques have been applied to make a so-called \"Tier 2\" assessment of risk to human health and risk to water resourced from the site. The assessment has consluded that contamination from the site will not reach the nearest surface water body within 35 years, even without taking into account sorption and biodegradation. The risk assessment also concludes that the site can remain in its current usage or be redeveloped for commercial purposes without any risk to human health. The assessment predicts no unacceptable risk to groundwater resources or to the River Daugava from the site. If the site is redeveloped for residential use or for open public access (parkland), an unacceptable human health risk may be present. If such redevel- opment is proposed, either (a) a \"Tier3\" risk assessment should be carried out to make a more refined, less conservative assessment of risk or (b) cleanup of selected areas should be carried out to cited risk-based clean-up levels. ; 45569

Frie emneord: Olje \" \" : Tungmetaller A former Soviet military armoured vehicle workshop has been subject to site investigation to examine soil and groundwater contamination. Site investiga- tions have indicated that groundwater is contaminated by hydrocarbons, free phase LNAPL oil being found in one of the boreholes (borehole 3 beneath the scrapyard). Soils at the site are contamonated by oil and the heavy metals, Pb, Cu, Zn and Cd. Risk assessment techniques have been applied to make a so-called \"Tier2\" assessment of risk to human health and risk to water resources. The asessment has concluded that contamination from the site will not reach the River Daugava within 39 years, even without taking into account sorption and biodegradation. The risk assessment concludes that the site can remain in its current usage or be redeveloped for commercial purposes without any risk to human health. The assessment predicts no unacceptable risk to off-site groundwater resour- ces (well in Quaternary aquifer at 200 m distance or bore in Devonian at 500 m distance) or to the River Daugava from the site. If the site id redeveloped for residential use or for open public access (parkland), an unacceptable human health risk may be present. If suck redevel- opment is proposed, either (a) a \"Tier 3\" risk assessment should be carried out to make a more refined, less conservative assessment of risk or (b) cleanup of selected areas shoould be carried out to cited risk-based clean-up levels. ; 45571

Frie emneord: Olje A former Soviet military fuel depot has been subject to site investigation to examine soil and groundwater contamination. Risk assessment techniques have been applied to make a so-called \"Tier 2\" assessment of risk to human health and risk to water resourced from the site. The assessment has consluded that contamination from the site will not reach the nearest surface water body within 35 years, even without taking into account sorption and biodegradation. The risk assessment also concludes that the site can remain in its current usage or be redeveloped for commercial purposes without any risk to human health. The assessment predicts no unacceptable risk to groundwater resources or to the River Daugava from the site. If the site is redeveloped for residential use or for open public access (parkland), an unacceptable human health risk may be present. If such redevel- opment is proposed, either (a) a \"Tier3\" risk assessment should be carried out to make a more refined, less conservative assessment of risk or (b) cleanup of selected areas should be carried out to cited risk-based clean-up levels. ; 45570

Objectives: The main study was designed to examine and understand the everyday life, transitions between life stages and democratic participation of Norwegian Sami people experiencing disability. Hence, the purpose of this article is to increase the understanding of possible ethical and methodological issues in research within this field. The article describes and discusses ethical and methodological issues that arose when conducting our study and identifies some strategies for addressing issues like these. Methods: The ethical and methodological issues addressed in the article are based on a qualitative study among indigenous Norwegian Sami people experiencing disability. The data in this study were collected through 31 semi-structured in-depth interviews with altogether 24 Sami people experiencing disability and 13 next of kin of Sami people experiencing disability (8 mothers, 2 fathers, 2 sister and 1 guardian). Findings and discussion: The researchers identified 4 main areas of ethical and methodological issues. We present these issues chronologically as they emerged in the research process: 1) concept of knowledge when designing the study, 2) gaining access, 3) data collection and 4) analysis and accountability. Conclusion: The knowledge generated from this study has the potential to benefit future health research, specifically of Norwegian Sami people experiencing disability, as well as health research concerning indigenous people in general, providing scientific-based insight into important ethical and methodological issues in research with indigenous people experiencing disability.

This study introduces an Earth observation (EO)-based system which is capable of operationally estimating and continuously monitoring the ultraviolet index (UVI) in Europe. UVIOS (i.e., UV-Index Operating System) exploits a synergy of radiative transfer models with high-performance computing and EO data from satellites (Meteosat Second Generation and Meteorological Operational Satellite-B) and retrieval processes (Tropospheric Emission Monitoring Internet Service, Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service and the Global Land Service). It provides a near-real-time nowcasting and short-term forecasting service for UV radiation over Europe. The main atmospheric inputs for the UVI simulations include ozone, clouds and aerosols, while the impacts of ground elevation and surface albedo are also taken into account. The UVIOS output is the UVI at high spatial and temporal resolution (5 km and 15 min, respectively) for Europe (i.e., 1.5 million pixels) in real time. The UVI is empirically related to biologically important UV dose rates, and the reliability of this EO-based solution was verified against ground-based measurements from 17 stations across Europe. Stations are equipped with spectral, broadband or multi-filter instruments and cover a range of topographic and atmospheric conditions. A period of over 1 year of forecasted 15 min retrievals under all-sky conditions was compared with the ground-based measurements. UVIOS forecasts were within ±0.5 of the measured UVI for at least 70 % of the data compared at all stations. For clear-sky conditions the agreement was better than 0.5 UVI for 80 % of the data. A sensitivity analysis of EO inputs and UVIOS outputs was performed in order to quantify the level of uncertainty in the derived products and to identify the covariance between the accuracy of the output and the spatial and temporal resolution and the quality of the inputs. Overall, UVIOS slightly overestimated the UVI due to observational uncertainties in inputs of cloud and aerosol. This service will hopefully contribute to EO capabilities and will assist the provision of operational early warning systems that will help raise awareness among European Union citizens of the health implications of high UVI doses.