Suchergebnisse

Exploring the 'Nahda', a cultural renaissance in the Arab world responding to massive social change, this study presents a crucial and often overlooked part of the Arab world's encounter with global capitalist modernity, an interaction which reshaped the Middle East over the course of the long nineteenth century. Seeing themselves as part of an expanding capitalist civilization, Arab intellectuals approached the changing world of the mid-nineteenth century with confidence and optimism, imagining utopian futures for their own civilizing projects. By analyzing the works of crucial writers of the period, including Butrus al-Bustani and Rifa'a al-Tahtawi, alongside lesser-known figures such as the prolific journalist Khalil al-Khuri and the utopian visionary Fransis Marrash of Aleppo, Peter Hill places these visions within the context of their local class- and state-building projects in Ottoman Syria and Egypt, which themselves formed part of a global age of capital. By illuminating this little-studied early period of the Arab Nahda movement, Hill places the transformation of the Arab region within the context of world history, inviting us to look beyond the well-worn categories of 'tr

Book Review: Roth, Klaus; Hopken, Wolfgang; Schubert, Gabriella (Hg.). Europäisierung – Globalisierung – Tradition. Herrschaft und Alltag in Südosteuropa. 50. Internationale Hochschulwoche der Südosteuropa-Gesellschaft in Tutzingen, 4.–7. Oktober 2011. München – Berlin – Leipzig – Washington, D.C.: Verlag Otto Sagner, 2015 (= "Südosteuropa-Jahrbuch" 41). (Europeanization - Globalization - Tradition. Domination and everyday life in Southeast Europe). The so-called "post-socialist" transformation, globalization and cooperation with the EU have led to great changes in South-Eastern Europe, not only in the political, economic and legal spheres but also in everyday life. The papers in this volume were presented at the traditional Hochschulwoche in Tutzing in 2011. The papers deal with such topics as "The Challenge of Post-Socialist Everyday Culture" by Klaus Roth, which includes a return to "Balkanization", alongside nationalism and socialism nostalgia. Christian Giordano examines the concept of Alltagswelt (everyday life) as a sociological term. The most extensive article is by Wolfgang Höpken, who deals with "Political power and Everyday Life in the Balkans" from Ottoman times to the present. Other chapters are devoted to the "revival of religion", the continuing importance of family ties in the Balkans, developments in everyday language and completely new phenomena such as gated communities in Sofia.

This article addresses the question of the geographical scope of the 'age of revolutions' (c.1750–1850) through the case of a peasant uprising in Mount Lebanon in 1821. This uprising had similarities with recent and contemporary revolutions and rebellions, which have led some to suggest the influence of the ideas of the French Revolution of 1789 or the Greek Revolution of 1821. This article argues that influence at the level of ideas was unimportant, but that the similarities can plausibly be traced to similar and connected contexts at the level of political economy, as the expansion and crisis of military-fiscal states provoked opposition 'from below' and renegotiations of sovereignty. This focus on political economy rather than genealogies of ideas can then help define an 'age of revolutions' extending beyond Europe and the north Atlantic into the Ottoman empire, Latin America, and other regions.

Slavonic Studies and especially Russian profited from the Cold War and when it ended Western governments saw no need to continue supporting these disciplines. This coincided with the commercialization of the universities, when governments largely abrogated their responsibility for higher education. It is in this context that the following account of the rise and fall of Slavonic studies in Australia and New Zealand unfolds.

It has been said that the Berlin Wall fell in 1989 but the wall around Greece is still standing. It is ironic that, while the governments of Albania, Bulgaria and Rumania have, in recent years, taken measures to safeguard the rights of national minorities, the Greek government continues to stonewall on its own national minorities while fomenting rebellion among those in other countries. Nevertheless, the end of the Cold War has benefited the Macedonian minority in Greece. Greece has lost its paramount strategic importance for the western countries, which are now less likely to cast a blind eye on human rights abuses in that country. Conditions for the Macedonians in Greece have improved somewhat as individual members of the minority have become emboldened to demand their rights in public in recent years. They have attracted the attention of the U.S. State Department, Amnesty International and the Human Rights Watch/Helsinki Watch, all the more so due to the heavy-handed attempts by the Greek authorities to silence recalcitrant members of the minority, as described below. The U.S. Department of State (1995: Greece 12) notes that the Greek government "continues to harass and intimidate some of these people."

Compares the recent situation of Macedonians in Greece & Albania, drawing on government documents & existing literature. It is unclear how many Macedonians live in Greece; however, the Greek government has never treated minority populations well, & it was singled out for criticism in the 1991 Human Rights report of the US State Dept. Not only are the religious rights of Madedonians in Greece not protected, but this minority also has few educational or political rights. In contrast, the Albanian government has made an effort to protect its Macedonian minority population. Legal rights for Macedonians have been specified, & various educational & cultural provisions outlined. There is some alarm at the disintegration of traditional Macedonian culture among groups living in Albania, & there is a good deal of Albanian racism toward this population. However, compared to the Greek situation, Macedonians in Albania have fared well. 20 References. D. Ryfe