Suchergebnisse

Dada a natureza e objetivos do Programa Minha Casa Minha Vida é iniciada uma tentativa de identificação de potenciais de aperfeiçoamento a partir das inovações de crédito abordadas pela literatura de microfinanças. Através de estudo de caso da modalidade Entidades, demonstra-se que grande parte dos mecanismos apontadas pela literatura de microfinanças e que estão previstos na legislação do programa encontram óbices de implementação. As técnicas de pesquisa utilizadas envolveram a coleta de dados e análise de resultados do programa, cotejados a partir de entrevistas a diversos atores governamentais e da sociedade civil envolvidos na implementação do programa. Esta análise empírica fundamenta a apresentação de uma agenda de pesquisa entre microfinanças e políticas de habitação.

Cet article propose une modélisation des incubateurs technologiques de coopératives populaires (ITCP), un type d'incubateur répandu au sein des universités brésiliennes, qui présente des résultats très positifs en termes de développement de l'entrepreneuriat local dans des territoires démunis. Les résultats suggèrent un potentiel de transférabilité de ce modèle d'incubateur à d'autres contextes. Notre étude invite d'autres universités à travers le monde, cherchant à augmenter leur engagement pour le développement social et économique de leurs communautés, à apprendre de l'expérience brésilienne.

Research on street-level bureaucrats has examined the various ways in which these professionals have implemented public policies in areas such as healthcare, education, and security, often emphasizing the role played by discretion in the implementation process. Despite its importance, the concept of street-level bureaucracy has scarcely been approached by housing studies. This study focuses on the role of street-level workers in the delivery of public housing to the lower-income population. We affirm the value of complementing street-level discretion with the concept of proximity, a premise borrowed from the microfinance literature, to increase the understanding of the interactions and relationships established between street-level workers and policy recipients during the implementation process. Such complementarity may contribute to a more accurate understanding of the housing policy implementation dynamics on the street-level and the possible adjustments to meet local needs. To explore this issue, we used a theoretical lens inspired by Goffman's frame analysis that points to the importance of relational mechanisms that characterize the interactions between street-level workers and beneficiaries. These lenses were applied to a collective case study of Minha Casa Minha Vida-Entidades, a Brazilian subprogram in which street-level workers linked to social housing movements assume a leading role in the planning and execution of interventions. The results indicate that the combination of proximity and discretion has a positive influence on the implementation of housing policies. Our analysis shows the existence of nonprofit-oriented arrangements that may present different features and nuances at the implementation (micro) level and contribute to the (macro) debate on housing policies.

This article is part of a set of studies seeking to understand the implications of federative design in public policies. The unit of analysis adopted is the national public policies systems. The studies suggest the importance of gradual and continued strengthening of state capacities of subnational governments to implement policies. Several articles investigate the relationship between federalized systems and state capacity-building in local governments. However, little is known about how this relationship occurs in state governments. This research investigated how the Brazilian Sistema Único de Assistência Social (SUAS) (Federal Social Assistance System) affects the capacity of state governments to implement policies and analyzed the program of eradication of child labor in the states of Maranhão and São Paulo. We sought to explain how the combination of SUAS institutional characteristics and the structural, institutional, and political conditions present in these states have regulated or built state capacities. The results indicate that these conditions were decisive for state capacity-building and, above all, show the role played by the Brazilian state governments in SUAS. ; Este artículo es parte del conjunto de estudios que busca comprender las implicaciones del diseño federativo en las políticas públicas y adopta como unidad de análisis los sistemas nacionales de políticas públicas. De los diversos estudios surge la importancia del fortalecimiento gradual y continuo de las capacidades estatales de los gobiernos subnacionales para implementar políticas. Varios estudios investigan la relación entre los sistemas federalizados y el desarrollo de la capacidad estatal en los gobiernos locales, sin embargo, se sabe poco acerca de cómo se produce esta relación en los gobiernos de los estados. Esta investigación averiguó cómo el Sistema Unificado de Asistencia Social (SUAS) afecta las capacidades de los gobiernos estatales para implementar políticas y, con este fin, analizó el Programa para la Erradicación del Trabajo Infantil en los estados de Maranhão y São Paulo. Se intentó explicar cómo la combinación de las características institucionales del SUAS y las condiciones estructurales, institucionales y políticas presentes en estos estados o reguló o posibilitó la creación de capacidades estatales. Los resultados indican que estas condiciones fueron cruciales en la creación de capacidades y, sobre todo, informan acerca del rol asumido por los gobiernos de los estados en el SUAS. ; Este artigo se insere no conjunto de estudos que buscam compreender as implicações do desenho federativo nas políticas públicas, adotando como unidade de análise os sistemas nacionais de políticas públicas. Emerge dos diversos estudos a importância do fortalecimento gradativo e continuado das capacidades estatais dos governos subnacionais para implementar políticas. Diversos trabalhos investigam a relação entre os sistemas federalizados e o desenvolvimento de capacidades estatais nos governos locais, entretanto, pouco se sabe como ocorre essa relação nos governos estaduais. Esta pesquisa investigou como o Sistema Único de Assistência Social (SUAS) afeta as capacidades dos governos estaduais de implementar políticas. Com este fim, analisou o Programa de Erradicação do Trabalho Infantil (PETI) nos estados do Maranhão e de São Paulo. Buscou-se explicar como a combinação entre as características institucionais do SUAS e as condições estruturais, institucionais e políticas presentes nestes estados regulou ou possibilitou a criação de capacidades estatais. Os resultados apontam que tais condições foram determinantes na construção de capacidades e, sobretudo, informam a respeito do papel assumido pelo governo do estado no SUAS.

ABSTRACT Purpose: This study proposes to map the barriers to scaling the microfinance industry in the U.S., as it pertains to home maintenance and improvement for low-income households. The selected context of analysis is the American city of Baltimore, due to the city's high need for housing repair and large percentage of residents with limited access to finance. Originality/Value: Most research has discarded microfinance as a viable option for a housing market solution in the U.S. This paper discusses how the market of microfinance for housing repair could improve its financial sustainability seizing the smaller dollar value of repair loans, relative to housing purchase, and the high and recurring need for repair. Design/methodology/approach: Qualitative research was conducted on how microfinance for housing repair works in Baltimore City, leveraging secondary government and private research, along with interviews with lenders and borrowers. Data were analyzed through PESTEL framework, describing the macro-environmental context. Findings: The market for Housing Microfinance (HM) loan products in Baltimore matches the academic literature. Similar market demands exist as they relate to an increasingly aging housing stock. Lender supply of financing seems "healthy", but it is mostly from philanthropic or government sources favoring "affordability" over financial sustainability.

The right to the city represents a critique of the city as a place and an object of capitalist accumulation, in which priority is given to exchange value over use value. This critique references an ongoing and collective struggle for urban production to be radically democratic, as the expanded participation of city users would lead to appropriation, with social movements occupying a central role. This paper discusses the practices of urban social movements that cooperate with governmental institutions participating in and influencing the design and implementation of public policies. We focus on the possibilities of transformation towards the right to the city as well as the conflicts and contradictions that social movements face when partnering with the State. We carry out an in-depth investigation of two social movements involved in building housing units in Brazil as part of a federal government programme. By conceptually translating the right to the city into the economies of worth, we propose an original theoretical approach. Our study contributes to advance the understanding of the role of social movements that collaborate with governments without abandoning the goal of struggling for the right to the city. We add a pragmatic perspective to the radical conception of the right to the city by showing how different logics of action enable or hinder the possibility of the right to the city horizon. We propose that the prominence of the civic common world might transform operational processes mainly through self-management.