Suchergebnisse

Résumé Cet article étudie la représentativité des personnes en situation de handicap dans les médias. Différents aspects, notamment liés à des interactions institutions-individus-médias, semblent induire des formes de réduction des personnes en situation de handicap à une seule catégorie : « personnes à mobilité réduite », expression qui contribuerait à l'essentialisation. La médiatisation de figures stéréotypées pourrait, de façon contre-intuitive, alimenter des formes de préjugés et de discriminations. D'où la nécessité de recherches relatives à la médiatisation des personnes en situation de handicap.

This article deals with cognitive biases that could affect the judgment of net surfers while reading a list of answers, after a query in a search engine. The hypothesis is made that order effects i.e primacy and/or recency could be observed in such contexts. The authors choose to test it by doing an experiment in controlled-environment. So they decide to focus more particularly on the field of smoking cessation techniques and refine their questioning as follows: After a query into a search engine, does the place of a medication in a list determines the idea of its relevance, for a student population? By comparing three different groups, the authors demonstrate a primacy effect and no recency effect. In addition, they highlight five moderating variables: sex of the individual, the fact that he is a smoker or not, the fact that he had, or not, originally any opinion about methods of smoking cessation, the fact whether or not he is affected by health problems related to smoking, speed reading on the Web interface. The authors conclude speaking in favour of information literacy education. For them, in the case presented, it would be relevant as a medical point of view, in terms of public health, as a point of socio-economic development.

Résumé Cet article amorce une réflexion en faveur d'un nouvel enseignement dans la formation des travailleurs sociaux, celui des sciences de l'information et de la communication. Il s'appuie sur la nécessité de disposer de théories de la communication pour un nouvel « agir accompagnant », tente de montrer en quoi elles sont nécessaires au regard des problèmes que peuvent poser l'interdisciplinarité, tant sur un plan individuel que collectif, et, enfin, expose brièvement le paradigme de la communication engageante, exemple théorique qui pourrait venir renouveler certaines pratiques professionnelles.

This article focuses on studying the potential power of influence of an information supported by statistics. The authors seek to explore this proposal from various hypotheses by comparing the relative effect on a group of students of plural formulations containing or not statistics. From this work emerges a new question that sounds against-intuitive, this generation may be more sensitive to the information when the latter is supported by moderated statistics.

In a turbulent and aggressive environment, organizations are subject to external events. They are sometimes destabilized and can disappear. This context explains the multiplication of works studying resilience of human organizations. Resilience is then defined as the ability of the organization studied to face an external shock.This paper proposes a state of the art of resilience concept and considers the interests of the transposition of the concept to the field of a territorial community. A case study will lead us to apply the concept of resilience to the Lebanese nation.