Suchergebnisse

On 26 April 2024, the European Commission put forward a proposal for the Council to conclude the Association Agreement (AA) between the European Union and Andorra and San Marino. The AA with Andorra and San Marino goes another step further and introduces in an unprecedented manner the supervision and jurisdiction of the European Commission and the Court of Justice (CJEU) in the context of an association agreement. Accordingly, the Union may now have fully exhausted its association competence when it comes to the depth of integration it may offer third countries.

This paper examines the prospects and feasibility of using the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the EU as a roadmap for reorienting the Ukrainian brown economy toward a green economy, making use of green financial instruments in the process. The first chapter is dedicated to the concept of green financial policy as well as its main fiscal and market instruments. The second chapter explores in detail the state of climate-related affairs in Ukraine, the country's commitments to numerous international environmental agreements as well as the role of the EU Association Agreement and its place in the Ukrainian economic context. The third chapter considers the political, economic and social measures required to establish a green financial policy. Our central findings are as follows: (1) Although Ukraine has been making progress towards a green financial policy in recent years, there is no doubt that the country needs technical and financial assistance from its European partners. The Association Agreement between Ukraine and the countries of the European Union provides an essential basis for building a green economy in Ukraine. (2) Despite efforts to mobilise internal green financial resources, the Ukrainian Government is struggling with what has already been achieved and is at a crossroads in moving in a different direction. For this reason, local and even non-governmental organisations in Ukraine today have often a greater direct influence on the process of building a green economy than the government itself. Two promising examples of Ukrainian companies seeking a green reputation are the Ukrainian Green Bank (Ukrgasbank) and the large energy company DTEK.

This paper examines the prospects and feasibility of using the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the EU as a roadmap for reorienting the Ukrainian brown economy toward a green economy, making use of green financial instruments in the process. The first chapter is dedicated to the concept of green financial policy as well as its main fiscal and market instruments. The second chapter explores in detail the state of climate-related affairs in Ukraine, the country's commitments to numerous international environmental agreements as well as the role of the EU Association Agreement and its place in the Ukrainian economic context. The third chapter considers the political, economic and social measures required to establish a green financial policy. Our central findings are as follows:
(1) Although Ukraine has been making progress towards a green financial policy in recent years, there is no doubt that the country needs technical and financial assistance from its European partners. The Association Agreement between Ukraine and the countries of the European Union provides an essential basis for building a green economy in Ukraine.
(2) Despite efforts to mobilise internal green financial resources, the Ukrainian Government is struggling with what has already been achieved and is at a crossroads in moving in a different direction. For this reason, local and even non-governmental organisations in Ukraine today have often a greater direct influence on the process of building a green economy than the government itself.
Two promising examples of Ukrainian companies seeking a green reputation are the Ukrainian Green Bank (Ukrgasbank) and the large energy company DTEK.

This paper examines the prospects and feasibility of using the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the EU as a roadmap for reorienting the Ukrainian brown economy toward a green economy, making use of green financial instruments in the process. The first chapter is dedicated to the concept of green financial policy as well as its main fiscal and market instruments. The second chapter explores in detail the state of climate-related affairs in Ukraine, the country's commitments to numerous international environmental agreements as well as the role of the EU Association Agreement and its place in the Ukrainian economic context. The third chapter considers the political, economic and social measures required to establish a green financial policy. Our central findings are as follows: (1) Although Ukraine has been making progress towards a green financial policy in recent years, there is no doubt that the country needs technical and financial assistance from its European partners. The Association Agreement between Ukraine and the countries of the European Union provides an essential basis for building a green economy in Ukraine. (2) Despite efforts to mobilise internal green financial resources, the Ukrainian Government is struggling with what has already been achieved and is at a crossroads in moving in a different direction. For this reason, local and even non-governmental organisations in Ukraine today have often a greater direct influence on the process of building a green economy than the government itself. Two promising examples of Ukrainian companies seeking a green reputation are the Ukrainian Green Bank (Ukrgasbank) and the large energy company DTEK.

On June 27, Georgia will sign an Association Agreement with the EU - the same type of agreement that triggered revolution and crisis in Ukraine. Despite all efforts to reduce its dependency on Russia, Georgia remains in a vulnerable position. Russian pressure is to be expected, either in the run-up to the signing or in its aftermath, while Georgia will stay in the EU's antechamber, without security guarantees from NATO. In view of Russian attempts to exert influence and a possible rise of Euroskepticism within Georgia, the EU's challenge is to keep the country on the European track.

Upon signature of the Association Agreement Ukraine has gained an opportunity to deepen its integration into the European labour market. Such integration plays an important role given the fact that about half of the labour migration is directed towards the EU and the share of remittances from the EU amounts to over 30% of total revenues from migrant workers. The Agreement stipulates that the EU and Ukraine shall make joint endeavours to tackle the root causes of migration, establish an effective against illegal migration while legally employed workers from Ukraine and the EU shall guaranteed equal rights and the need to expand the number of bilateral agreements on employment between Ukraine and the EU Member States is declared as well. The Agreement provides for separate provisions on temporary presence of natural persons for business purposes that allow for employment of "key personnel" as well as for rendering of commercial services under a simplified procedure of stay in the host country. However, liberalisation of access of migrants from Ukraine applies primarily to skilled migration that generally corresponds to the common trend of implementing the EU immigration policy today. However, the issue of access to the national labour markets of the main part of labour migrants from Ukraine still remains in the domain of bilateral relations between Ukraine and the EU host countries.

Upon signature of the Association Agreement Ukraine has gained an opportunity to deepen its integration into the European labour market. Such integration plays an important role given the fact that about half of the labour migration is directed towards the EU and the share of remittances from the EU amounts to over 30% of total revenues from migrant workers. The Agreement stipulates that the EU and Ukraine shall make joint endeavours to tackle the root causes of migration, establish an effective against illegal migration while legally employed workers from Ukraine and the EU shall guaranteed equal rights and the need to expand the number of bilateral agreements on employment between Ukraine and the EU Member States is declared as well. The Agreement provides for separate provisions on temporary presence of natural persons for business purposes that allow for employment of "key personnel" as well as for rendering of commercial services under a simplified procedure of stay in the host country. However, liberalisation of access of migrants from Ukraine applies primarily to skilled migration that generally corresponds to the common trend of implementing the EU immigration policy today. However, the issue of access to the national labour markets of the main part of labour migrants from Ukraine still remains in the domain of bilateral relations between Ukraine and the EU host countries.

Rights of Third-Country Nationals under EU Association Agreements identifies overarching themes and discusses the practical impact of the legal rules on the free movement of persons in association agreements between the EU and neighbouring countries, in particular Turkey

Preliminary Material /Ian Wallace -- Introduction: Free Movement between Membership and Partnership /Daniel Thym and Margarite Helena Zoeteweij-Turhan -- Constitutional Foundations of the Judgments on the EEC-Turkey Association Agreement /Daniel Thym -- The Court of Justice and the Development of EEC-Turkey Association Law /Kees Groenendijk -- Pretending There is No Union: Non-derivative Quasi-Citzenship Rights of Third-Country Nationals in the EU /Dimitry Kochenov and Martijn van den Brink -- Context-related Interpretation of Association Agreements. The Polydor Principle in a Comparative Perspective: EEA Law, Ankara Association Law and Market Access Agreements between Switzerland and the EU /Christa Tobler -- Rights of Third Country Nationals under the EEA Agreement /Christian Franklin -- Turkey on the Tightrope: From Readmission to Visa-Liberalization Agreement? /Margarite Helena Zoeteweij-Turhan -- Decision No 3/80 of the EEC-Turkey Association Council: Significance and Developments /Paul Minderhoud -- The Stand Still Clauses in the eu-Turkey Association Agreement and`Their Impact upon Immigration Law in the EU Member States /Kay Hailbronner -- EU Migration Law and the EU/Turkey Association Agreement /Steve Peers -- The Puzzle Posed by Demir for the Free Movement of Turkish Workers: A Step Forward, a Step Back, or Standstill? /Narin Tezcan -- The Implications of the Visa Requirements for the EU-Turkey Customs Union: Free Movement of Products—Not the Producer /Ozan Turhan -- Conceptualizing an 'Association Citizenship' for Children of Turkish Workers /Julinda Beqiraj and Francesca Ippolito -- Index /Daniel Thym and Margarite Zoeteweij-Turhan.