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This report provides background on Delphi corporation, relevant pension law, the role of the PGBC, a description of major events at Delphi since 1999, and a listing of congressional hearings and legislation introduced related to the Delphi corporation in the 111th and 112th congresses.

Describes the Oct 2005 'bankruptcy' filing of the Delphi Corporation, a giant auto-parts supplier, & the shock it created in the American labor movement. This was no consequence of financial failure, but a carefully orchestrated strategy representative of the new approach to corporate restructuring, benefiting the senior corporate insiders & their investors on Wall Street. The analysis focuses on this & other emerging employer strategies & the future of American unions, powerless to help their members in such cases. J. Stanton

L'OBIETTIVO DELLA TESI è L'ANALISI DELLE POLITICHE DI SUPERAMENTO DELLE CRISI AZIENDALI, CON PARTICOLARE ATTENZIONE AGLI EFFETTI DELLA CRISI SUGLI STABILIMENTI PRODUTTIVI.A TALE PROPOSITO VIENE ANALIZZATA LA CRISI DELLA DELPHI CORPORATION, MULTINAZIONALE AMERICANA DELLA COMPONENTISTICA AUTO, APPROFONDENDO IL CASO DELLO STABILIMENTO DELPHI DI LIVORNO.

The bankruptcy filing in October of last year by the Delphi Corporation, the giant auto-parts supplier spun off by General Motors in a 1999 public offering, sent a shock wave across the American labor movement. The slow grinding down of organized labor, and with it the standard of living of American workers, has been underway for several decades. This attack on the heavily unionized auto sector, however, indicates a new level of aggressiveness by employers. Coming as it did only a few months after the controversial breakaway from the AFL-CIO of several large affiliates to form the new Change to Win Coalition, the Delphi events seemed to confirm the argument by some in the new grouping that organized labor has to look to a new postindustrial economy in order to rebuild. This is no ordinary bankruptcy, however. Rather than pointing to an economy inevitably beyond manufacturing, it represents a strategic innovation intended to exploit the value still extant in our industrial economy. The entire labor movement must confront this important development.

"Serial no. 112-106." ; Shipping list no.: 2012-0279-P ; Includes bibliographical references ; Mode of access: Internet.

Delphi is the largest U.S automotive parts supplier and concerns are growing over increasing costs of health care benefits. The automotive industry aims to reduce legacy costs and the article compares steel and automotive legacy costs.

Delphi and Political Gaming were the first social scientific methods to rely on expert knowledge in order to prognosticate future developments and trends. Both techniques were developed in the early 1950s at the California-based RAND Corporation. Despite this closeness, the epistemic roles of the experts differed greatly. While Delphi views experts as carriers of universal knowledge, political gaming takes a more culturalist and relativist stance towards knowledge. This historical case is used to develop a more sophisticated concept of academic tribes, which focuses on the aspect of descent and emphasizes the continuing relevance of the tribal culture for the scientist's identity even after leaving the place of academic socialization. ; Delphi and Political Gaming were the first social scientific methods to rely on expert knowledge in order to prognosticate future developments and trends. Both techniques were developed in the early 1950s at the California-based RAND Corporation. Despite this closeness, the epistemic roles of the experts differed greatly. While Delphi views experts as carriers of universal knowledge, political gaming takes a more culturalist and relativist stance towards knowledge. This historical case is used to develop a more sophisticated concept of academic tribes, which focuses on the aspect of descent and emphasizes the continuing relevance of the tribal culture for the scientist's identity even after leaving the place of academic socialization.

This study describes and illustrates a modification of the Delphi technique that was designed to extend its applicability to large competency data sets. The approach consisted of rotating sub-sets of a larger set of competencies through three sub-panels and then examining the viability of the approach. The context of the study was the identification of competencies needed to update training requirements for 21st century plastering contractors. Based on the outcomes of this study, the rotational approach represents a promising mechanism for extending the usefulness of the Delphi tool to larger data sets. The findings also indicate that the factors that erode the validity and usefulness of traditional modified Delphi studies also negatively affect the rotational approach.An obstacle facing many educators has been identifying an appropriate research methodology for developing curriculum when teaching vocational subjects. This is especially true when a research topic is very broad and when new curricular areas are being developed. In such situations there is often a large number of competencies to be evaluated by recognized experts in the content area. A number of techniques have been used that are generally associated with the competency-based approach to curriculum development. These include such tools as occupational analysis, DACUM (Developing a Curriculum), and the Delphi technique ( Finch & Crunkilton, 1989 ; Frykland, 1970 ; Miller, 1990 ; Rothwell & Kazanas, 1992 ). These techniques span a range of approaches from observing workers on the job to conducting meetings with workers to conducting analyses based on work previously conducted on related occupations ( Blank, 1982 ). Each technique has advantages and disadvantages, especially in dealing with diverse groups of experts involving relatively large data sets.This manuscript describes a modification developed for use with the Delphi technique, which was selected for use in a curriculum competency study. The Delphi technique was selected for use in this study due to its ability to obtain expert input from individuals who were widely dispersed geographically. This technique has been used in a number of fields for long-range planning - including education, international affairs, transportation, leisure activities and the like ( McCampbell & Stewart, 1992 ).The Delphi survey technique was developed in the 1950s by two research scientists working at The Rand Corporation, Olaf Helmer and Norman Dalkey. They developed the procedure as a tool for forecasting future events using a series of intensive questionnaires interspersed with controlled-opinion feedback ( Dalkey & Helmer,1993 ; McCampbell & Stewart, 1992 ; Weaver, 1971 ). Participants were solicited experts in the issues related to national defense such as forecasting probable bombing targets the Russian government might choose in the event of an attack on the United States ( Dalkey & Helmer, 1963 ).The Delphi begins with an open-ended questionnaire that is given to a panel of selected experts to solicit specific information about a subject or content area. In subsequent rounds of the procedure, participants rate the relative importance of individual items and also make changes to the phrasing or substance of the items. Through a series of rounds (typically three) the process is designed to yield consensus.The modified Delphi technique is similar to the full Delphi in terms of procedure (i.e., a series of rounds with selected experts) and intent (i.e., to predict future events and to arrive at consensus). The major modification consists of beginning the process with a set of carefully selected items. These pre-selected items may be drawn from various sources including related competency profiles, synthesized reviews of the literature, and interviews with selected content experts. The primary advantages of this modification to the Delphi is that it (a) typically improves the initial round response rate, and (b) provides a solid grounding in previously developed work.Additional advantages related to the use of the modified Delphi technique include reducing the effects of bias due to group interaction, assuring anonymity, and providing controlled feedback to participants ( Dalkey 1972a, 1972b, & Judd 1972 ). Brooks (1979) noted that three mailings are usually sufficient in order to arrive at consensus.

Government cybersecurity paradigms that focus heavily on securing critical infrastructure should shift and expand to consider a much wider array of connected users and devices, types of actors, and types of risk. From compromises of some of the world's largest corporations, to critical vulnerabilities in widely used open source software, to exponential growth in the number of connected devices and users, the need to proactively design policies and practices to secure users and Internet infrastructure has never been greater. Yet, cybersecurity public policy conversations too often are siloed and grounded in a few old ideas that don't encompass the totality of the threat landscape. As a result, the state of cybersecurity policy today does not have a compelling answer for global-scale vulnerabilities like Heartbleed or nation-state attacks on public and private sector actors. The concern for cybersecurity from all stakeholders has only been growing, but cybersecurity policy remains a broad and contested field lacking clarity on the best paths forward. To help cut through the rhetoric and identify consensus on areas of cybersecurity policy that should be prioritized for further attention and investment, Mozilla brought together more than thirty leading cybersecurity experts from a wide variety of backgrounds: academia, civil liberties, government and military, security, and technology. Amid a plethora of definitions of cybersecurity, often leading to different policy and practical interventions, our participants converged on the essential technical core: the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of information. Traditional government cybersecurity paradigms that focus heavily on securing critical infrastructure should shift and expand to consider a much wider array of connected users and devices, types of actors, and types of risk. Framing this definition properly also matters: our participants noted that elements of human rights (especially privacy) and economics belong at the core of a balanced and ...

Die vorgelegte sozialwissenschaftsgeschichtliche Studie beschreibt den Entwicklungsprozess zweier Methoden, nämlich der Delphi Methode und des political gaming. Beide Methoden wurden in den frühen 1950er Jahren an der RAND Corporation, einem der US Air Force nahe stehendem Think Tank in Kalifornien, entwickelt. Sie waren die ersten Versuche, Expertenwissen im Rahmen von sozialwissenschaftlichen Methoden systematisch für Zwecke der Vorhersage oder Simulation künftiger Ereignisse zu nutzen. Die Entwicklung der beiden Methoden wird unter Bezugnahme auf zwei im Rahmen der Studie entwickelte Konzepte analysiert, nämlich der epistemischen Rolle und den epistemischen Hoffnungen. Eine epistemische Rolle beschreibt das Bündel von Erwartungen, das die Entwickler der Methoden gegenüber dem/r Experten/in hatten. Als epistemische Hoffnungen hingegen werden die Erwartungen der Wissenschafter/in hinsichtlich Leistungsfähigkeit und Nützlichkeit ihrer Methoden in der Politikberatung bezeichnet.Der Vergleich der beiden Entwicklungsprozesse zeigt, dass die Methoden ungeachtet vieler Ähnlichkeiten auf unterschiedlichen Konzepten der epistemischen Rolle des Experten basieren. Während Delphi den/die Experten/in als Träger/in universellen Wissens begreift, ist für das political gaming Wissen immer relativ zur Kultur des/der Experten/in. Dieser Umstand wird durch Rückgriff auf die unterschiedlichen philosophischen Traditionen erklärt, in welchen die beteiligten Wissenschafter/innen akademisch sozialisiert wurden. Die vorrangig mit diesen Methoden verknüpfte epistemische Hoffnung war, dass sie die Sozialwissenschaften näher zu Problemen der Politik bringen würden. Dies würde zu einer höheren Rationalität politischer Entscheidungen führen. Dieser Hoffnung entsprach, dass sowohl innerhalb der Regierung wie auch des Militärs eine kritische Masse hochrangiger Beamter überzeugt waren, Sozialwissenschaften könnten wertvolle Beiträge zu politischen Entscheidungsprozessen leisten. ; This study describes the invention and early development of two social scientific methods, the Delphi method and political gaming. These methods have been developed in the early 1950s at the RAND Corporation, a think tank based in Santa Monica, California, which entertained close relations to the US Air Force. Historically, Delphi and political gaming were the first social scientific methods to systematically use expert opinions for the delineating scenarios of possible futures. Their development is analyzed with the use of two concepts introduced in this study, namely the concept of the epistemic role of the expert and the concept of epistemic hopes. An epistemic role is understood as the bundle of expectations held by the inventors of the methods toward the expert. Epistemic hopes, on the other hand, are defined as the expectations of the social scientists towards capacity, efficience, and usefulness of their methods when applied to policy problems. The comparison of the processes by which Delphi and political gaming were developed shows that although the two methods share several features, the epistemic role of the expert is conceived differently. Whereas Delphi conceives of the expert as carrier of universal knowledge, political gaming conceives of knowledge as being inherently culture-bound. This is explained by pointing out that the two groups of scientists who invented the method were trained in two different philosophical traditions. Also, the analysis shows ambivalent conceptions of the expert among the early Delphi studies. The authors held several epistemic hopes toward the impact of their methods on society. The hope was that the further scientific methodology extended into the realm of policy advice, the more rational a process of policy making would become. Both within the military and the government, a critical mass of high ranking officials was convinced that the social sciences could provide valuable contributions to political decision processes. ; Christian Dayé ; Abweichender Titel laut Übersetzung der Verfasserin/des Verfassers ; Zsfassung in dt. und in engl. Sprache ; Graz, Univ., Diss., 2012 ; OeBB ; (VLID)224429

The objective of this research is to identify the main weaknesses of corporate social responsibility in the textile sector and to propose procedures that help to overcome them. We start from the assumption that the asymmetries and necessary relationships generated to manufacture textile garments in the international context are not attributable to a single circumstance. Equally, it is reasonable to assume that the solutions to these asymmetries are affected by the identification and transversality of such circumstances. The present research was carried out by gathering the opinions and solutions of participants in a Delphi analysis to uncover the critical points and vulnerabilities of the sector. The weaknesses of the sector were then identified following the analysis of responses from two expert panels to two multidisciplinary questionnaires, the questions for which were developed from the stated hypotheses.El objetivo de esta investigación es detectar las principales debilidades del sector textil en relación con la responsabilidad social empresarial y proponer medidas que contribuyan a superarlas. Partimos de que las asimetrías y relaciones generadas necesarias para fabricar prendas textiles en el contexto internacional no son imputables a una sola circunstancia. Es igualmente entendible que sus soluciones pasen por la identificación y la transversalidad de dichas circunstancias. En la presente investigación, lo llevamos a cabo mediante la de la recolección de opiniones y soluciones expresadas por diferentes participantes, y a través de un análisis Delphi, para conocer cuáles son los puntos críticos y vulnerabilidades del sector, y la posterior identificación de sus debilidades tras el análisis de las respuestas de dos paneles de expertos a dos cuestionarios multidisciplinares con preguntas desarrolladas sobre las hipótesis planteadas.

AbstractAt many levels of society—in regions, corporations, and among citizens—awareness is increasing, and actions towards more sustainable energy are being taken. The key drivers of this transition have been climate change, the scarcity of resources, and environmental consciousness. The speed of change and its impacts on the energy system transition are still unknown. It is therefore important to anticipate probable, preferable, or avoidable future paths that will contribute to the discussion of the direction and conditions of such futures. In this article, five energy scenarios are presented for Finland until 2030. The scenarios are based on a two-round Delphi application, in which energy experts were first interviewed and then a survey phase was conducted. We used cluster analysis to construct the scenarios and arranged the responses to open-ended questions as narratives to deepen the scenarios. Based on the cluster analysis, five clusters were constructed, namely, (1) business as usual, (2) energy saving and decarbonisation, (3) climate-friendly transformation, (4) green growth, and (5) degrowth. These scenarios illustrate how varying sets of drivers of change in society, and a set of energy policy measures, are connected with energy futures. Expert information thus organised can be used to advise policymakers when designing future climate and energy policy.

Safety is a key element in new vehicle design and active safety, together with driver distraction prevention, has become one of the most talked about issues in the mobility industry. This book features 20 SAE technical papers, originally published in 2009 and 2010, which showcase how the mobility industry is considering all aspects of safety in designing and producing safer vehicles. These papers were selected by SAE International's 2010 President Dr. Andrew Brown Jr., Executive Director and Chief Technologist for Delphi Corporation. The contents of this book explore a variety of safety issues in the areas of market and consumer preferences; driver assistance and modeling; active safety system, crash sensing and sensor fusion; communications; and road safety. The publication also includes a number of articles authored by renowned experts in the field of active safety

European Union public procurement law increasingly allows countries' authorities to take corporate social responsibility (CSR) into account in public procurement decisions. Up to 2022, few public procurements were determined by these key factors of CSR scoring items. It is worthy to study whether there is consistency in tenderers' views on CSR indicators and factors. In this study, 10 experts working in companies from different government entities were invited to participate in a questionnaire survey. In this study, a DEMATEL-based analytic network process (DANP) was applied to find out the weights of each indicator. Our finding shows the important criteria selected for tenderers were measures to support "work–life balance" for employees and "salary increase for employees". These are important responses to the problems encountered by companies in CSR practices and can be used as a reference to enhance corporations' CSR goals or pursue future sustainable business excellence.