Suchergebnisse

Financial resources : present and future / Charles Elliott -- Water supply in developing countries / B.H. Dieterich -- Domestic water supply : right or good? / Gilbert F. White -- Domestic water supplies for rural peoples in the developing countries: the hope of technology / Ian Burton -- Water supplies : the consequences of change / David J. Bradley -- The food potential / N.W. Pirie -- Whither the food and population equation? / W.H. Pawley -- Food supplies for physiologically vulnerable groups / Derrick B. Jelliffe, E.F. Patrice Jelliffe -- Health services and medical education in China : a brief report / O. Mellander -- The control of communicable disease : problems and prospects / Geoffrey Edsall -- Cost-effectiveness and cost-benefit aspects of preventive measures against communicable diseases / B. Cvjetanovic -- The basic human right to the means of controlling fertility / Malcolm Potts -- Personal health care : the quest for a human right / Maurice King -- Bottlenecks in implementation : some aspects of the Scandinavian experience / Wenche B. Eide, Mogens Jul, Olof Mellander.

THE UNITED NATIONS HAS A RECORD OF CONSIDERABLE ACHIEVEMENT IN THE FIELD OF HUMAN RIGHTS EVEN IF IT HAS TOO OFTEN BEEN MARRED BY DOUBLE STANDARDS AND THE INFLUENCE OF POWER-POLITICS. THIS CHAPTER NOTES THAT IN SO POLITICALLY AND SOCIOLOGICALLY SENSITIVE AN AREA AS HUMAN RIGHTS, INTEGRATION THAT MAY MAKE SENSE OPERATIONALLY MAY NOT BE WISE IN EVERY CASE, BUT SOME GREATER COHERENCE IS CLEARLY NEEDED. IT EXAMINES THE DUTIES OF THE HIGH COMISSIONER AND THE OMBUDSMAN FOR THE UN SYSTEM ITSELF.

This review article considers Samuel Moyn's book The Last Utopia:Human Rights in History in the context of recent trends in the writing of human rights history. A central debate among historians of human rights, in seekingto account for the genesis and spread of human rights, is how far current humanrights practice demonstrates continuity or radical discontinuity with previousattempts to secure rights. Moyn's discontinuity thesis and the controversysurrounding it exemplify this debate. Whether Moyn is correct is importantbeyond the confines of human rights historiography, with implications for theirmeaning in law, as well as their political legitimacy. This review argues that Moyn's book ultimately fails to convince, for two broad reasons. First, a more balanced judgment would conclude that the history of human rights is both one of continuity and discontinuity. Second, and more importantly, Moyn fails to offer a convincing account of the normativity of human rights. Undertaking a history of human rights requires a deeper engagement with debates on the nature and validity of human rights than Moyn seems prepared to contemplate.

Das neue Südafrika nach der Apartheid hat sich strenge Bestimmungen für seine Waffenexportpolitik auferlegt. Die (bedeutende) Rüstungsindustrie des Landes soll nur Waffen in Länder und Regionen liefern dürfen, wenn sichergestellt ist, dass mit ihrer Hilfe keine Menschenrechtsverletzungen begangen oder grundlegende Freiheiten verletzt werden. Obschon die neuen ethischen Grundsätze bei einigen Waffen (Kleinwaffen, Landminen) zur Zurückhaltung beim Export geführt haben, steht die allgemeine Waffenexportpolitik weiterhin im Wiederspruch zu diesen Selbstverpflichtungen. Der Bericht zeichnet die politischen und institutionellen Reformen der Waffenexportpolitik nach, beschreibt, wo sich Profiterwägungen gegenüber Menschenrechtsgrundsätzen durchgesetzt haben und macht Vorschläge, wie Theorie und Praxis in Übereinstimmung gebracht werden könnten. (DÜI-Sbd)

Half Title -- Series Information -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Acknowledgements -- Introduction -- 1Objective of the Study -- 2 Approach -- 2.1 Compliance -- 2.2 Effectiveness -- 3 Argument -- 4 Legal Framework -- 5 Methodology -- 6 Structure -- Part 1 A Discourse Analysis of Political Theories - in the Presence of a Paradigm Shift -- 1 Introduction to Part 1 -- Chapter 1 The Four Paradigms or Ideal-Types in the Discipline of International Relations -- Chapter 2 The Different Debates in the Discipline of International Relations -- 1 The First Debate - an Ontological Question -- 2 The Second Debate - a Methodological Shift -- 3 The Inter-paradigmatic Debate -- 4 The Third Debate - an Epistemological Question -- Part 2 Rational Choice Theories and International Human Rights Treaties -- 1 Introduction to Part 2 -- Chapter 3 Realism: Theory and (the Effectiveness of) International Human Rights Treaties -- 1 An Outdated Realism? -- 2 Situating Coercion, Effects and State Behaviour - the Existential Dialectics of Love and Power -- 3 International Human Rights Law - the Function of a Given Political Order -- 3.1 The Concept of the Lesser Evil -- 3.2 The Reality of Human Right Norms -- 3.3 Consecrating the Primacy of the Political -- Chapter 4 Liberalism: Theory and the Effectiveness of International Human Rights Treaties -- 1 Situating Domestic Politics, Effects and State Behaviour -- 2 Prognoses on the Effects of State Behaviour -- 2.1 The Implementation of the International Human Rights Treaties - the Direct Applicability of Human Rights Treaties -- 2.2 Compliance with Inconvenient Human Rights Treaty Norms -- 2.2.1 Testing Easy-detectable Human Rights Treaty Violations -- 2.2.2 Testing not Easy-Detectable Human Rights Treaty Violations -- 2.2.3 Empirical Evidence and Conflictual Results.

Human Rights Watch is the largest U.S.-based independent human rights organization. It conducts regular, systematic investigations of human rights abuses in some seventy countries around the world. Human Rights Watch (HRW) includes five divisions, covering Africa, the Americas, Asia, the Middle East, and the signatories of the Helsinki accords, and has four thematic projects: the Arms Project, the Women's Rights Project, the Children's Rights Project, and the Free Expression Project. HRW maintains offices in New York, Washington, Los Angeles, London, Brussels, Moscow, Rio de Janeiro, Dushanbe, and Hong Kong. Human Rights Watch is a nongovernmental organization, supported by contributions from private individuals and foundations worldwide. It accepts no government funds.