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Bloggers claim to be crucial providers of information in American elections and policy debates, usurping the role of mainstream media. This study coded more than 2,000 hypertext links to different sources on six widely read political blogs during seven consecutive days. Less than 15% of hyperlinks were to primary sources. Almost half were to mainstream media reports. Thus, political blogs may be comparable to a newspaper comprised of only op-ed pages and opinion columnists. The findings call into question the role of political blogging and raise concerns about how blog readers are learning about public policy and political debates.

Increasing the political representation of women in Northern Ireland is part of fostering political pluralism. First, the political representation of women requires democratic participation and a justification of 'women' as a category. Second, specific factors of culture and the church unique to Ireland hinder women's participation in elected politics, and there are additional factors of class, violence, and nationalism that are peculiar to Northern Ireland. Third, gender quotas are successful elsewhere, but alone will not alter the powerful resistance to feminist change in Northern Ireland. Structures to encourage inclusionary politics must create spaces for political women to be transformative agents.

There is disagreement among analysts about political development in Africa. Debate over the meaning of political development is not confined to those concerned with Africa, of course. Once the question, What does political development mean? is reformulated as, What do we mean by political development? there is no dearth of people willing to provide definitions and to free us from value-laden concepts.1 The lack of consensus on definitions is neither more nor less profound among those who study African politics than among those who concentrate their inquiry elsewhere, and the major ingredients of dispute are present in both groups in approximately the same mixture.

The author considers the case for the reform of Irish political institutions in light of economic collapse, political turmoil and external intervention in management of state

We are living in a time when men most urgently feel the need of intellectual clarification of the social and political situation in which they stand. By no means all the great masters of social thought who have made important potential contributions to such clarification are sufficiently well known, even among social and political scientists. One of these is Max Weber who, in the English-speaking world, is known more as a sociologist of religion and a methodologist of social science than as an interpreter of the political scene. Weber's scope of interest in institutional problems, with specific reference to the modern Western world, was, however, exceedingly broad, and a substantial part of his work was centered o nthe field of political institutions, particularly in their relations to the economic order and to other aspects of the social structure.

Frontmatter -- Contents -- Tables -- Figures -- Preface -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Peru: A Dual Society -- 3. The Social Structure of the Traditional Sierra -- 4. Social Change and the Breakdown of Traditional Society -- 5. The Peasants Take Their Land -- 6. The Growth of Peasant Federations -- 7. Social Correlates of Peasant Mobilization -- 8. A Theory of Peasant Mobilization -- 9. The Peasantry and the National Political System -- 10. Epilogue: The Peasantry Awaits Agrarian Reform -- Appendix A. Statistical Data -- Appendix B. Methods of Data Collection -- Glossary -- Bibliography -- Index

Place branding is commonly understood as the application of marketing and commercial ideas, strategies, measurements and logic to the realm of places such as cities, regions and nations. Nevertheless, place branding is also understood as the locus where political activities – imbued with political impact and political effects – appear and affect the soft and hard infrastructures of urban agglomeration and other spatial environments. In this regard, by performing an analysis that helps unpack the multiple characters and impacts of political structures and processes in relation to place branding activities, the present dissertation aims to offer a conceptualization of the political dimension of place branding. By drawing on the critical assessment of the academic literature on place branding and on a series of studies about the branding processes in the region of Romagna and in the Greater Stockholm, the present dissertation further specifies an alternative conceptual framework (i.e. ecological politics) that suggests how place branding should be seen an empirical and theoretical political apparatus that acts, in praxis, based on an emerging, multifaceted and spatio-temporal enfolding of politics. More specifically, the ecological politics of place branding is characterized by four main aspects: the unfolding of a biopolitical ecology around place-branding practices; the ideological appropriation of place-branding processes; the positioning through politicized actions between the interest groups; and finally place-branding as a process of policy-intervention. Finally, on more general level, the present dissertation, by recognizing the political activities and efforts of place branding as crucial elements to be analyzed, makes the case for a more explicit, complex and manifold political analysis of the political dimension of place branding, which allows attention to be given to the impact that branding processes, practices and activities have on cities, regions and nations ; At the time of the doctoral defense, the following paper was unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 4: Manuscript.

يتناول هذا البحث مفصل مهم من مفاصل العملية الانتخابية الديمقراطية وهو موضوع التمويل السياسي للاحزاب السياسية، فالاحزاب كوحدات فاعلة و موثرة في تلك العملية لكي تعمل لابد لها من الحصول على مصادر تمويل تمكنها من ادامة وجودها السياسي في المجتمع والمشاركة في عملية التنافس الانتخابي ،مما عزز ذلك من الدور الكبير الذي اخذ يلعبه المال في التأثير على مبدأ المساواة بين المتنافسين في الانتخابات، فالذي يمتلك المال سوف يمتلك فرص اكبر للفوز في الانتخابات في حين تقل الفرص التنافسية للاخرين الذي لايمتلكون المال او ما يمتلكوه لا يمنحهم القدرة التنافسية التي تمكنهم من الفوز بالانتخابات، من هذا المنطلق اصبح امر ضبط التمويل السياسي من خلال التأطير القانوني والمراقبة المؤسساتية والاعلامية والشعبية مطلب مهم للوصول الى عملية انتخابية ديمقراطية ناجحة .

Frontmatter -- Contents -- List of Abbreviations -- Introduction -- 1 Kant and the Social Contract Tradition -- 2 Kant and the Circumstances of Justice -- 3 Is Kant's Rechtslehre a "Comprehensive Liberalism"? -- 4 Realizing External Freedom: The Kantian Argument for a World State -- 5 The Progress of Absolutism in Kant's Essay "What Is Enlightenment?" -- 6 Unsocial Sociability: Perpetual Antagonism in Kant's Political Thought -- 7 Kant's Political Thought in the Prussian Enlightenment -- 8 Kant on Education -- 9 Kant, Freedom of the Press, and Book Piracy -- Selected Bibliography -- Index

Public trust in nutrition science is the foundation on which nutrition and health progress is based, including sound public health. An ASN-commissioned, independent Advisory Committee comprehensively reviewed the literature and available public surveys about the public's trust in nutrition science and the factors that influence it and conducted stakeholder outreach regarding publicly available information. The Committee selected 7 overlapping domains projected to significantly influence public trust: 1) conflict of interest and objectivity; 2) public benefit; 3) standards of scientific rigor and reproducibility; 4) transparency; 5) equity; 6) information dissemination (education, communication, and marketing); and 7) accountability. The literature review comprehensively explored current practices and threats to public trust in nutrition science, including gaps that erode trust. Unfortunately, there is a paucity of peer-reviewed material specifically focused on nutrition science. Available material was examined, and its analysis informed the development of priority best practices. The Committee proposed best practices to support public trust, appropriate to ASN and other food and nutrition organizations motivated by the conviction that public trust remains key to the realization of the benefits of past, present, and future scientific advances. The adoption of the best practices by food and nutrition organizations, such as ASN, other stakeholder organizations, researchers, food and nutrition professionals, companies, government officials, and individuals working in the food and nutrition space would strengthen and help ensure earning and keeping the public's continued trust in nutrition science.

Abstract

Cover -- Series page -- Using and Developing Measurement Instruments in Science Education -- Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data -- Contents -- List of Tables -- List of Figures -- Preface -- Preface to the Second Edition -- Chapter 1: Essential Concepts and Skills for Using and Developing Measurement Instruments -- Chapter 2: Approaches to Developing Measurement Instruments -- Chapter 3: Using and Developing Instruments for Measuring Conceptual Understanding -- Chapter 4: Using and Developing Instruments for Measuring Affective Variables -- Chapter 5: Using and Developing Instruments for Measuring Science Inquiry and Practices -- Chapter 6: Using and Developing Instruments for Measuring Learning Progression -- Chapter 7: Using and Developing Instruments for Measuring Science Learning Environments -- Author Index -- Subject Index.