Suchergebnisse

This book provides a comprehensive review of the transatlantic relationship between the United States and Europe, from the 1989 fall of the Berlin Wall to the Trump administration. It highlights the primary factors that test the U.S-Europe relationship. America and Europe Adrift highlights the background of the German unification and the reaffirmation of NATO as the framework of U.S. presence in Europe after the end of the Cold War; the NATO enlargement; the Transatlantic Rift in the context of the Iraq War; the economic aspects of transatlantic relations, specifically the rise of Germany's weight in international affairs as a result of the European Monetary Union; and the gradual retrenchment of U.S. power. It focuses on the enduring factors that threaten the transatlantic relationship during the 21st century while also suggesting how that relationship will likely survive: through the United States' continued provision of indispensable security to the rest of the Western world.

On 14 July 2017, the un Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women (cedaw Committee) adopted its General Recommendation No. 35 on gender-based violence against women. The purpose of this General Recommendation was to update the Committee's General Recommendation No. 19 on violence against women, which had been adopted 25 years previously. This article examines General Recommendation No. 35 and analyses the extent to which this General Recommendation may contribute to addressing the issue of gender-based violence against women. However, although General Recommendation No. 35 is undoubtedly a positive development in the response of international human rights law to this issue, it is argued that further measures are necessary, in the form of a un treaty on violence against women.

States as international persons — In general — Recognition of acts of foreign States and governments — Confiscation of enemy property during Second World War — Property situated in confiscating State — Whether municipal courts have jurisdiction to examine legality under international law of confiscation by foreign State — Whether retention of confiscated assets following termination of hostilities violates international law — United States Trading with the Enemy Act 1917 — The law of the NetherlandsThe individual in international law — Aliens — Position of — Respect for property — Expropriation — Wartime confiscation of property of enemy aliens — Whether amounts to permanent deprivation of ownership — Whether retention of confiscated assets following termination of hostilities violates international law — United States Trading with the Enemy Act 1917 — The law of the NetherlandsWar and neutrality — War in general — Effects of outbreak of war — On enemy subjects with regard to their property and other rights — United States Trading with the Enemy Act 1917 — Confiscation of enemy property — Property situated in confiscating State — Whether municipal courts have jurisdiction to examine legality under international law of confiscation by foreign State — The law of the NetherlandsWar and neutrality — War in general — Enemy character — Of corporations — Control test — United States Trading with the Enemy Act 1917 — The law of the NetherlandsWar and neutrality — War in general — Enforcement of the laws of war — Compensation and reparation — Right to seize assets of subjects of aggressor State as reparation for war damage — Whether limited by international law to cases where treaty requires national State to compensate its subjects — The law of the Nether landsi.—Over Territory in general and Persons and Property situated therein. Territorial Limits of Jurisdiction. Expropriation of Alien Property.Jurisdiction — In general — Territorial — Territorial limits of jurisdiction — Expropriation of alien property — Confiscation of enemy property during Second World War — United States Trading with the Enemy Act 1917 — Property situated in confiscating State — Whether municipal courts have jurisdiction to examine legality under international law of confiscation by foreign State — Whether wartime confiscation amounts to permanent deprivation of ownership — Whether retention of confiscated assets following termination of hostilities violates international law — Right to seize assets of subjects of aggressor State as reparation for war damage — Whether limited by international law to cases where treaty requires national State to compensate its subjects — Enemy character of corporations — Control test — The law of the Netherlands

Commencing with some recent examples drawn from Anglophone media, this introductory article reflects on the multiple ways in which crisis and migration have been interconnected over the last decade in public discourse, political debates and academic research. It underlines how crisis has not simply become a key descriptor of specific events, but continues to operate as a powerful narrative device that structures knowledge of migration and shapes policy decisions and governance structures. It explains the rationale for choosing Europe as a multidimensional setting for investigating the diverse links between migration and crisis. It ends with a summary of the contributions that are divided into four thematic strands: relationships between the economic crisis and migrant workers and their families; the Mediterranean in crisis; political and public discourses about the post-2015 'migration crisis'; and ethnographies of everyday experiences of the 'refugee crisis' on the part of migrants, activists and local people.

This paper analyzes the effectiveness of the tax and transfer systems in the European Union and the US to act as an automatic stabilizer in the current economic crisis. We find that automatic stabilizers absorb 38 per cent of a proportional income shock in the EU, compared to 32 per cent in the US. In the case of an unemployment shock 48 per cent of the shock are absorbed in the EU, compared to 34 per cent in the US. This cushioning of disposable income leads to a demand stabilization of 26 to 35 per cent in the EU and 19 per cent in the US. There is large heterogeneity within the EU. Automatic stabilizers in Eastern and Southern Europe are much lower than in Central and Northern European countries. We also investigate whether countries with weak automatic stabilizers have enacted larger fiscal stimulus programs. We find no evidence supporting this view. However, we find that active fiscal policy is lower in more open economies.

List of figuresList of contributorsForeword: What is This History to Be?, Brent D. ShawAcknowledgements, Cyril Courrier and Julio Cesar Magalhães de OliveiraAbbreviationsIntroduction1.Ancient history from below: an introduction, Julio Cesar Magalhães de Oliveira and Cyril CourrierPart 1: Who is below? Subaltern conditions, languages and communities2.Subaltern community formation in antiquity: some methodological reflections, Kostas Vlassopoulos3.Southern Gaul from below: the limits and possibilities of epigraphic documentation, Cyril Courrier and Nicolas TranPart 2: Experiences of poverty, dependency and work 4.Poverty, debt, and dependent labour in the ancient Greek world: thinking through some issues in doing ancient history from below, Claire Taylor5.Destitute, homeless and (almost) invisible: urban poverty and the rental market in the Roman world, Cristina Rosillo-López 6.Roman agriculture from above and below: words and things, Kim BowesPart 3: Gender, ethnicity and subalternity7.Hellenicity from below: subalternity and ethnicity in classical Greece and beyond, Gabriel Zuchtriegel8.Subaltern masculinities: Pompeian graffiti and excluded memories in the early Principate, Renata Senna GarraffoniPart 4: Politics from below: subaltern agency and collective action9.Metics, slaves and citizens in classical Athens: rethinking the polis from below, Fábio Augusto Morales 10.What is below? The case of the Athenian riot of 508/7 BC, Alex Gottesman11.Slave agency in Livy's history of Rome: between rebellion and counterconspiracy, Fábio Duarte Joly 12.The crowd in late antiquity: problems and possibilities of an inquiry, Julio Cesar Magalhães de OliveiraEpilogueAgency, past, present and future, Pedro Paulo A. Funari Index

The rapid expansion of military medical service in the First World War, successfully completed under the direction of Surgeon General Guy Carleton Jones, remains an extraordinary achievement in Canada's history. In 1916, a conflict of personalities threatened confidence in the service. Eventually Prime Minister Sir Robert Borden's intervention restored the status quo, but the affair eclipsed Jones's outstanding career.

ed. by Theofanis G. Stavrou and John R. Lampe ; Inhaltsverzeichnis ; Volltext // Exemplar mit der Signatur: München, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek -- PVA 98.1189

This edited contribution explores strategies and measures for leveraging the potential of skilled diasporas and for advancing knowledge-based evidence on return skilled migration and its impact on development. By taking the example of Indian skilled migration, this study identifies ways of involving returned skilled migrants in home country development as well as proposes approaches to engage the diaspora in development. As high-skill immigration from India to mainland Europe is a rather recent phenomenon, the activities of Indian professionals in Europe are under-researched. The findings have wider application in contributing to the policy dialogue on migration and development, specifically to the advantage for developing and emerging economies.?The book employs an interdisciplinary, two-fold approach: The first part of the research looks at how international exposure affects the current situation of skilled returnees in India. The second, European, part of the research examines migration policies, labour market regulations and other institutional settings that enable or hinder skilled Indians' links with the country of origin. Structural differences between the host countries may facilitate different levels of learning opportunities; thus, this book identifies good practices to promote the involvement of Indian skilled diaspora in socio-economic development. In applying the framework of diaspora contributions as well as the return channel to study the impact on India, the book draws on qualitative and quantitative research methods consisting of policy analysis, in-depth interviews with key experts and skilled migrants and on data sets collected specifically for this study.