Suchergebnisse

The purpose of this manual is to assist maintenance groups in Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China, in organizing and carrying out the routine maintenance of unpaved rural roads. The physical condition of roads is critical to any transport network. However, unless roads are adequately maintained, they inevitably deteriorate, leading to higher road user costs and longer travel times. Routine maintenance is often delayed due to various factors, such as lack of funds or insufficient technical knowledge. When simple routine maintenance is postponed for long periods, there is often a need for more extensive rehabilitation, which is much more costly. The manual is the outcome of the small-scale technical assistance (SSTA) pilot project linked to the Yunnan Integrated Road Network Development Project. The SSTA pilot project built on the experience of a previous pilot project on Community-Based Routine Road Maintenance by Women's Groups, which was financed by the ADB Gender and Development Cooperation Fund. The SSTA sought to improve the approach developed under the first pilot project by introducing performance-based payments with the aim of reducing the resources required for supervision and inspection. It also aimed to improve the financial sustainability of the approach by reducing the investments required and promoting policy changes regarding the use of road maintenance funding. This manual guides the maintenance groups at the operational level in the use of appropriate tools and techniques in their work. It teaches the maintenance group members technical and managerial skills for routine maintenance of rural roads, based on the experience gained from the two pilot projects carried out in Dehong Prefecture, Yunnan Province.

The foremost development challenge for archipelagic Southeast Asia is improved connectivity among the region's 24,000 islands. The success of the Strong Republic Nautical Highway in the Philippines, which uses an integrated system of roll-on/roll-off vessels to move people and cargo effectively, has proven to be a source of hope for the millions of poor in the region. Began in 2003, the roll-on/roll-off system has resulted in reduced transport costs and increased frequency of deliveries. As a result, businesses models have changed, farmers have gained market access, local government revenues have increased, and tourism has expanded. This timely report presents the findings of an initial Asian Development Bank impact study on the roll-on/roll-off system in the Philippines. Most importantly, the report shows that relatively simple policy reforms in the area of sea transport can positively impact the lives of millions of poor who until now have lived in isolation, and it serves as an example of the benefits to be accrued by others in archipelagic Southeast Asia through the implementation of similar initiatives.

The foremost development challenge for archipelagic Southeast Asia is improved connectivity among the region's 24,000 islands. The success of the Strong Republic Nautical Highway in the Philippines, which uses an integrated system of roll-on/roll-off vessels to move people and cargo effectively, has proven to be a source of hope for the millions of poor in the region. Began in 2003, the roll-on/roll-off system has resulted in reduced transport costs and increased frequency of deliveries. As a result, businesses models have changed, farmers have gained market access, local government revenues have increased, and tourism has expanded. This timely report presents the findings of an initial Asian Development Bank impact study on the roll-on/roll-off system in the Philippines. Most importantly, the report shows that relatively simple policy reforms in the area of sea transport can positively impact the lives of millions of poor who until now have lived in isolation, and it serves as an example of the benefits to be accrued by others in archipelagic Southeast Asia through the implementation of similar initiatives.

Most Asian cities have grown more congested, more sprawling, and less livable in recent years, and statistics suggest that this trend will continue. Rather than mitigate the problems, transport policies have often exacerbated them. In this publication, ADB outlines a new paradigm for sustainable urban transport that gives Asian cities a workable, step-by-step blueprint for reversing the trend and moving toward safer, cleaner, more sustainable cities and a better quality of urban life.

Most Asian cities have grown more congested, more sprawling, and less livable in recent years; and statistics suggest that this trend will continue. Rather than mitigate the problems, transport policies have often exacerbated them. In this book, ADB outlines a new paradigm for sustainable urban transport that gives Asian cities a workable, step-by-step blueprint for reversing the trend and moving toward safer, cleaner, more sustainable cities, and a better quality of urban life.

"Electric bikes (e-bikes) provide low-cost, convenient, and relatively energy-efficient transportation to an estimated 40 million–50 million people in the People's Republic of China (PRC), quickly becoming one of the dominant travel modes in the country. As e-bike use grows, concerns are rising about lead pollution from their batteries and emissions from their use of grid electricity, primarily generated by coal power plants. This report analyzes the environmental performance of e-bikes relative to other competing modes, their market potential, and the viability of alternative battery technologies. It also frames the role of e-bikes in the PRC's transportation system and recommends policy for decision makers in the PRC's central and municipal governments."

While the use of electric two-wheelers has increased in the People's Republic of China (PRC) in the past decade, such unparalleled growth has not extended beyond the PRC's borders to countries, such as India and Viet Nam, where environmentally detrimental gasoline motorcycles dominate. This report documents market conditions in Ahmedabad, India, and Ha Noi, Viet Nam, to explain why this is so, and analyzes the potential environmental impact of electric two-wheelers to show how they could chart a path toward sustainable transport in these and other countries in the region.

While the use of electric two-wheelers has increased in the People's Republic of China (PRC) in the past decade, such unparalleled growth has not extended beyond the PRC's borders to countries, such as India and Viet Nam, where environmentally detrimental gasoline motorcycles dominate. This report documents market conditions in Ahmedabad, India, and Ha Noi, Viet Nam, to explain why this is so, and analyzes the potential environmental impact of electric two-wheelers to show how they could chart a path toward sustainable transport in these and other countries in the region.

Most Asian cities have grown more congested, more sprawling, and less livable in recent years, and statistics suggest that this trend will continue. Rather than mitigate the problems, transport policies have often exacerbated them. In this publication, ADB outlines a new paradigm for sustainable urban transport that gives Asian cities a workable, step-by-step blueprint for reversing the trend and moving toward safer, cleaner, more sustainable cities and a better quality of urban life.

Most Asian cities have grown more congested, more sprawling, and less livable in recent years; and statistics suggest that this trend will continue. Rather than mitigate the problems, transport policies have often exacerbated them. In this book, ADB outlines a new paradigm for sustainable urban transport that gives Asian cities a workable, step-by-step blueprint for reversing the trend and moving toward safer, cleaner, more sustainable cities, and a better quality of urban life.

"Electric bikes (e-bikes) provide low-cost, convenient, and relatively energy-efficient transportation to an estimated 40 million–50 million people in the People's Republic of China (PRC), quickly becoming one of the dominant travel modes in the country. As e-bike use grows, concerns are rising about lead pollution from their batteries and emissions from their use of grid electricity, primarily generated by coal power plants. This report analyzes the environmental performance of e-bikes relative to other competing modes, their market potential, and the viability of alternative battery technologies. It also frames the role of e-bikes in the PRC's transportation system and recommends policy for decision makers in the PRC's central and municipal governments."

PRC railways have played a very important role in developing the national economy and in the country's industrial revolution. However, with increasing market access under WTO, PRC railways face competitive challenges in open access, pricing, reliability, service quality, and have corresponding opportunities to develop cooperative relationships. The challenges come from other modes of transport and from within the rail sector offering lower total costs, greater reliability, and better service quality.

PRC railways have played a very important role in developing the national economy and in the country's industrial revolution. However, with increasing market access under WTO, PRC railways face competitive challenges in open access, pricing, reliability, service quality, and have corresponding opportunities to develop cooperative relationships. The challenges come from other modes of transport and from within the rail sector offering lower total costs, greater reliability, and better service quality.