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Climate change is perceived as a threat to future human well-being and a challenge to sustainable development of local communities and economies world-wide. While some countries and regions are expected to experience slight gains from the climatic changes the other are exposed to major losses. Ever more frequent natural disasters come as warning symptoms of the changes. However, for the sake of effective and efficient adaptation in various world regions answers to the following questions are important: do people notice this changes, do they experience their negative effects, are they satisfied with the climate change mitigation and adaptation actions taken by the governments, are they willing to participate to contribute to these actions. The perceptions and attitudes towards these issues are important factors in effective and efficient implementation of climate policies. In order to contribute to this important goal a research was designed to elicit people's perceptions of and attitudes towards climate change as well as related mitigation and adaptation policies in Poland and in Turkey. These two countries were chosen to cover the variety of climate conditions. The aim of the paper is to present and analyse the outcomes collected from the conducted national Internet surveys (N=156) on perceptions of climate change as well as social expectations regarding climate change solutions in both countries. Analysis of the survey results help to understand the problems and social needs related to climate change. The results were confronted with the state-of-the-art scientific literature as well as strategic policy documents and their evaluations' reports to discuss the policy relevance of the findings and conclusions.

In recent years, flooding has become an increasing concern across many parts of the world of both the general public and their governments. The climate change inducing more intense rainfall events occurring in short period of time lead flooding in rural and urban areas. In this study the flood modelling in an urbanized area, namely Samsun-Terme in Blacksea region of Turkey is performed. MIKE21 with flexible grid is used in 2-dimensional shallow water flow modelling. 1 × 1000 −1 scaled maps with the buildings for the urbanized area and 1 × 5000 −1 scaled maps for the rural parts are used to obtain DTM needed in the flood modelling. The bathymetry of the river is obtained from additional surveys. The main river passing through the urbanized area has a capacity of 500 m 3 s −1 according to the design discharge obtained by simple ungauged discharge estimation depending on catchment area only. The upstream structural base precautions against flooding are modelled. The effect of four main upstream catchments on the flooding in the downstream urban area are modelled as different scenarios. It is observed that if the flow from the upstream catchments can be retarded through a detention pond constructed in one of the upstream catchments, estimated Q 100 flood can be conveyed by the river without overtopping from the river channel. The operation of the upstream detention ponds and the scenarios to convey Q 500 without causing flooding are also presented. Structural management measures to address changes in flood characteristics in water management planning are discussed.

In recent years, flooding has become an increasing concern across many parts of the world of both the general public and their governments. The climate change inducing more intense rainfall events occurring in short period of time lead flooding in rural and urban areas. In this study the flood modelling in an urbanized area, namely Samsun-Terme in Blacksea region of Turkey is performed. MIKE21 with flexible grid is used in 2-dimensional shallow water flow modelling. 1 × 1000−1 scaled maps with the buildings for the urbanized area and 1 × 5000−1 scaled maps for the rural parts are used to obtain DTM needed in the flood modelling. The bathymetry of the river is obtained from additional surveys. The main river passing through the urbanized area has a capacity of 500 m3 s−1 according to the design discharge obtained by simple ungauged discharge estimation depending on catchment area only. The upstream structural base precautions against flooding are modelled. The effect of four main upstream catchments on the flooding in the downstream urban area are modelled as different scenarios. It is observed that if the flow from the upstream catchments can be retarded through a detention pond constructed in one of the upstream catchments, estimated Q100 flood can be conveyed by the river without overtopping from the river channel. The operation of the upstream detention ponds and the scenarios to convey Q500 without causing flooding are also presented. Structural management measures to address changes in flood characteristics in water management planning are discussed.

This article focuses on the forced transformation of the mass media as an institution in new authoritarian states. It aims to understand the methods used by theses states to control and manipulate the flux of news through the mass media. Turkey's media system has been chosen as a case study because the recent political developments in the country offer worrisome und devastating examples. This article aims to answer to the following question: How can we classify methods and strategies used by the AKP government to capture the media in Turkey? Why and how do the methods used by the AKP government differ from those applied by previous governments? To answer to these questions, the article draws on media capture as a framework of analysis. It argues that the AKP captured the media by using new strategies which can be divided into three overlapping and interconnected categories: capture by creating its own private media, capture through financial sanctions, and capture by intimidating and criminalizing journalists. ; Peer Reviewed

The main purpose of the present study is to examine the relationship between religiosity and gender traditionalism in a secular and Muslim country, Turkey. Based on previous research and perspectives several hypotheses were developed to test. A joint data, which is collected by European Value Survey and World Value Survey from Turkey in 2018, was used for analysis. A series of models of linear logistic regression was created to test the effect of each predictor variable on traditional gender beliefs. The results indicated that subjective religiosity and given importance to religion were strongly, significantly, and positively associated with gender traditionalism while prayer practice showed a slight and positive effect on gender traditionalism. Implications of the study were discussed and concluded, limitations were identified for future work.

AbstractThis paper investigates the rise of aesthetic modernism in Turkey's early republican era (i.e., the late 1920s and the 1930s), with an emphasis on the influence of international cultural currents on Turkey's intelligentsia. The paper concentrates on the modernist ideas and works of the D Group, who advocated a high modernism in the plastic arts, and the literary modernism of the socialist poet Nâzım Hikmet (Ran). Firstly, it addresses the historiographical argument that aesthetic modernism in Turkey was a derivative enterprise, a low-grade replica of European modernism. Secondly, it argues that the early republican intelligentsia found itself in a dilemma with regard to modernist currents. For them, aesthetic modernism was a sign of the modern epoch, but it also carried a radical potential for a critique of bourgeois modernity. Aesthetic modernism not only promised change, functionality, and renewal, but also manifested such disturbing symptoms of modernity as individualism, melancholy, degeneration, and restlessness. The paper reaches the conclusion that figures such as the D Group artists and Nâzım Hikmet translated the avant-garde international currents of aesthetic modernism into the early republican context, opting for positive and optimistic versions of modernism rather than adopting its more alienating, pessimistic, and despairing features. Through their works, an intellectual debate on aesthetic modernism was initiated in early republican Turkey.

About the author -- Acknowledgements -- List of figures -- List of maps -- List of tables -- List of abbreviations -- List of prominent individuals -- Introduction -- Turkey's relations with the Republic of China on Taiwan (1949-1971). Strong anti-communist solidarity between Turkey and the Republic of China in the 1950s. Ankara's relations with Taipei and Beijing in the Post-Cuban Missile Crisis. Emerging eastern Turkistan Diaspora in Turkey and the rise of anti-PRC stance in the Turkish Public -- Turkey's establishment of diplomatic ties with the People's Republic of China and initial engagements (1971-1991). Early period of relations (August 1971-1980). Flourishing Sino-Turkish partnership (1981-1991). Increasing economic and cultural exchanges. The Uyghurs as a bridge of friendship between China and Turkey -- The strained Sino-Turkish relations (1992-1997). The Uyghur first policy of Turkey. Seeking normalization between Ankara and Beijing. Establishing Turkey's trade office in Taiwan -- Ankara's Beijing first policy (1997-2009). Developing military cooperation. Rising economic partnership. The 2009 Urumqi Riot and outbreak of a crisis between Ankara and Beijing. Low-profile relations between Turkey and Taiwan-- Adjusting Turkey's relations with China (2010-2020). Establishing Sino-Turkish strategic cooperation. Intensified military-to-military relations. Deepening economic partnership. Increasing Chinese cultural influence over Turkey. The Uyghur issue : from the Syrian War to re-education camps in Xinjiang. Turkey's cautious but steady economic relations with Taiwan -- Silk Road cooperation. Silk Road Initiatives of Russia, the United States, the European Union, Japan, South Korea, and India. China's Belt Road Initiative. Turkey's middle corridor. China-Pakistan economic corridor and Turkey. Compatibility between the middle corridor and the Silk Road economic Belt. Compatibility between the middle corridor and the 21st century Maritime Silk Road -- Future perspectives for Turkey-China relations. Turkey's interest to the Shanghai cooperation organization and BRICS. Russia's role in the Sino-Turkish relationship. Building a partnership or an alliance between China and Turkey? -- Conclusion -- Index.

General framework of Turkish tourism : tourism and travel competitiveness index and Turkey / A.S. İkiz -- The place and importance of the tourism sector in Turkish economy / O. Bahar and N. Çelik İlal -- Critical review of the tourism planning history of Turkey / U. Çalişkan -- Alternative types of tourism that can be applied for sustainable tourism in Turkey / L. Karadağ -- An evaluation of cittaslow (slow city) movement in Turkey in terms of sustainable development / Karataş A. and Güney G. -- The importance of local products related to tourism : an analysis of Turkey's geographic indicator map of local attractions / H. Kosker and Z. Kurtulay -- Touristic preferences of citizens resident abroad and foreigners : discriminant analysis application / N. Vatansever Toylan and İ. Akhı̇sa -- The importance of environmental management practices in hotels / U. Avci, U. Turgut, and F. Gümüş Dönmez -- A critical evaluation of social and environmental impacts of tourism development in Turkey / M. Tuna, and M. Mutlu.

Little is known about how the idea of 'resilience' translates into practice. It has nonetheless emerged as a dominant theme in the governance of crises, such as political instability, armed conflict, terrorism, and large-scale refugee movements. This study draws on interviews with humanitarian and development practitioners in Turkey, Jordan, and Lebanon working under the Regional Refugee and Resilience Plan to explore how resilience is interpreted and translated on the ground. Results suggest that resilience is translated as the economic self-reliance of refugees, and the capacity for crisis management of refugee-hosting states, enacted through 'localization' and strengthening the 'humanitarian-development nexus.' The prominence of the political and economic context and the power relations between crisis response actors that it gen-erates reveals the limits of what a buzzword like resilience can achieve on the ground. The findings highlight the need for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners to engage in continuous critical reflection on whether the ways in which resilience policies and programmes are implemented actually improve the ability of systems and vulnerable populations to recover from crisis, as well as on the validity of the assumptions and interpretations on which such policies and programmes are built.

Translation prepared in the Ministry of Justice ; Cover title ; Mode of access: Internet.

Includes bibliographical references