Suchergebnisse

This survey of the social and leisure experiences of Canadian youths with visual impairments found that, in general, youths with low vision experienced more social challenges than did their peers who were blind. Levels of social support were not found to differ on the basis of level of vision, sex, or age.

This article describes the results in the employment domain of a larger study of the lifestyles of 328 Canadian youths, aged 15–21 and 22–30, 131 of whom were blind and 197 of whom had low vision. The youths completed a survey on their work-related experiences, including their current employment status and job-search strategies. In addition to characterizing the overall employment-related experiences of the youths, the study explored differences by visual status, gender, and age group.

This article reports the results of interviews with nine employers who have hired, accommodated, and trained workers with visual impairments in competitive positions. On the basis of the results of this qualitative study, the authors describe a proposed model for enhancing the employment rate of visually impaired job seekers.

In 1999, the World Blind Union's (WBU) Committee on Rehabilitation and Employment surveyed WBU member organizations, with the goal of establishing an index of jobs performed by visually impaired adults throughout the world. This article describes the research process, including development of the instrument, and reports the results of the survey.

This article presents a study of the learning and study skills of 106 high school students with visual impairments, using two instruments—the Learning and Study Strategies Inventory: High School Version and a 35-item extension of the instrument, developed by the authors specifically for students with visual impairments. The study found differences only by the students' grade-point averages, not by their preferred reading medium, type of school placement, or plans to attend college. It also found that the strategies used by students with visual impairments are similar to those used by sighted students.

Seventy-six consumer members of the American Council of the Blind with primary disabilities of blindness or visual impairment responded to an Employment Concerns Questionnaire which was developed by consumers, advocates, and service providers. Respondents' concerns included their not receiving adequate help in developing job search strategies, in obtaining information on career opportunities, and in financing assistive devices.

Background: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) confer waterproof, greaseproof, and non-stick properties when added to consumer products. They are also used for industrial purposes including in aqueous film forming foams for firefighting. PFAS are ubiquitous in the environment, are widely detected in human biomonitoring studies, and are of growing regulatory concern across federal, state, and local governments. Regulators, scientists, and citizens need to stay informed on the growing health and toxicology literature related to PFAS. Objectives: The goal of this systematic evidence map is to identify and organize the available health and toxicology related literature on a set of 23 PFAS of emerging and growing concern. Search and study eligibility: We will search the electronic database PubMed for health or toxicological studies on 23 PFAS of emerging concern. Eligible studies must contain primary research investigating the link between one or more of the PFAS of interest and a health effect, toxicological, or biological mechanistic endpoint. Study appraisal and synthesis methods: Title and abstract screening and full text review will require a single reviewer for inclusion to the next level and two independent reviewers for exclusion. Study quality will not be conducted for this evidence mapping. Study characteristics will be extracted from the included studies and checked for accuracy by a second reviewer. The extracted information will be visualized in a publicly available, interactive database hosted on Tableau Public. Results of the evidence mapping will be published in a narrative summary. ; This document was submitted to Environment International for peer review and is to be considered vs 1.0 of this protocol. Subsequent updates to the protocol, including in response to peer reviewer comments, will be made available.

Introduction Indoor and outdoor activities play an important role in enhancing the health and well-being of people with and without disabilities in developed countries. The status of recreational activities, however, is not a priority in many developing countries—those in which people struggle daily to eke out a living. This study investigates the recreation and leisure experiences of employed adults with visual impairments (those who are blind or have low vision) who live and work in Nigeria—one of the world's most populous developing nations. Methods We developed a questionnaire that assessed recreation and leisure among a sample of 172 adults with visual impairments living and working in Nigeria. Statistical analysis procedures included descriptive and nonparametric methods. The Mann-Whitney U-test compared the difference between the mean ranks of five recreational experience measures (dependent variables) within the independent groups. Results Gender, degree of visual impairment, age at onset of visual impairment, educational attainment, annual income, and postsecondary education were all characteristics that evidenced significant differences ( p < .05) in the participants' recreation and leisure experiences that were evaluated. Discussion Male respondents with visual impairments and those with higher earning power were engaged more often in recreation and leisure than were female respondents or those with less robust financial situations. Furthermore, recreational activities were most important to quality of life for respondents who had at least one postsecondary degree. Individuals with low vision reported higher levels of satisfaction than those who are blind. Implications for practitioners It is imperative for stakeholders to explore opportunities that will increase the level of participation in recreation of people with visual impairments of both genders and all degrees of financial earning power in developing nations. The value of postsecondary education is underscored.

Introduction This qualitative study explored the recreation and leisure activities of employed Nigerians with visual impairments. Methods A questionnaire was developed that examined the work, recreation, and leisure activities of adults with visual impairments. The sample included 172 adults with visual impairments living and working in Nigeria. Participant responses to the open-ended survey questions about recreation and leisure activities are presented in this article. Results Although most participants (89%) reported engagement in some sort of recreation or leisure activity on a regular basis, the vast majority of recreation and leisure activities reported were sedentary (69%) or solitary in nature such as listening to the radio, watching television, reading, or cooking. Participants identified the lack of personal funds or time, facilities, and adapted equipment as challenges to their recreation and leisure participation. Transportation issues and environmental barriers, discrimination, and inadequate assistance or training of human supports were also included in the challenges reported. Discussion Choices for recreation and leisure involvement were severely limited for participants. Active and community-based recreation and leisure offerings were virtually nonexistent. Although the respondents were employed, their economic status as workers was not adequate to support their engagement in a variety of recreation and leisure activities. The underlying turmoil of social, political, and economic issues described by participants was a highly restrictive obstacle. Implications for practitioners Practitioners and other stakeholders in developing countries are encouraged to intervene in the remediation of extrinsic and intrinsic barriers to recreation and leisure participation on behalf of their students and clients. Public awareness efforts, professional development courses, and disability-specific skill training programs are essential components in the improvement of the overall life satisfaction of people with visual impairments.