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The general purpose of this study is to describe how the Implementation of Multicultural Education Management in Al Muqoddas Islamic Boarding School in Tukmudal Sumber Cirebon. The specific objectives of the study, namely to describe: 1. How is the Planning and Implementation of Multicultural Education in the Islamic Boarding School of Al Muqoddas Tukmudal Sumber Cirebon Regency? 2. How is the final Organizing and Evaluation in the Implementation of Multicultural Education in Al Muqoddas Islamic Boarding School in Tukmudal Sumber Cirebon Regency? 3. What factors are supporting and hindering the implementation of Multicultural Education Management in Al Muqoddas Islamic Boarding School in Tukmudal Sumber Cirebon Regency? This type of research is qualitative. The research approach uses phenomenology. The subjects of the study were Mudir Ma'had, Caregivers, Asatidz councilors and santri parents. Data collection methods using in-depth interviews, observation and documentation. Data analysis techniques using triangulation. The results of the study are 1) Planning for multicultural education in the Islamic Boarding School of Al Muqoddas Tukmudal Sumber Cirebon as an inseparable part of other annual activities carried out by the school in the form of composing and establishing activities to preserve the diversity of national cultural diversity into a unifying Indonesian nation; 2) The implementation of multicultural education at Al Muqoddas Boarding School in Tukmudal Sumber Cirebon, awareness and recognition and acceptance of the attitudes, behaviors, mentality, and morals of the school community carried out in various activities, such as respecting diverse differences, such as ethnicity, descent, skin color, descent religion, work and so on; 3) An assessment of multicultural education at Al Muqoddas Islamic Boarding School in Tukmudal Sumber Cirebon with indicators in the form of changes in attitudes, morals, and mental behaviors and views on social security, economic culture, and politics that unite the nation. Abstrak Tujuan umum penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana Implementasi Manajemen Pendidikan Multikultural di Pondok Pesantren Al Muqoddas Tukmudal Sumber Cirebon. Tujuan khusus penelitian, yaitu mendeskripsikan tentang: 1.Bagaimana Perencanaan dan Pelaksanaan Pendidikan Multikultural di Pondok Pesantren Al Muqoddas Tukmudal Sumber Kabupaten Cirebon? 2.Bagaimana Pengorganisasian dan Evaluasi akhir dalam Implementasi Pendidikan Multikultural di Pondok Pesantren Al Muqoddas Tukmudal Sumber Kabupaten Cirebon? 3. Faktor-faktor apa yang menjadi pendukung dan penghambat pada implementasi Manajemen Pendidikan Multikultural di Pondok Pesantren Al Muqoddas Tukmudal Sumber Kabupaten Cirebon?. Jenis penelitian adalah kualitatif. Pendekatan penelitian menggunakan fenomenologi. Subjek penelitian adalah Mudir Ma'had, Pengasuh, dewan Asatidz dan Orang tua santri. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara mendalam, observasi dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan trianggulasi. Hasil penelitian yaitu 1) Perencanaan pendidikan multikultural di Pondok Pesantren Al Muqoddas Tukmudal Sumber Cirebon sebagai bagian yang tidak terpisahkan dari kegiatan tahunan lainnya yang dilaksanakan oleh sekolah berupa penyusunan dan penetapan kegiatan melestarikan keragaman budaya bangsa yang majemuk menjadi pemersatu bangsa Indonesia; 2) Pelaksanaan pendidikan multikultural di Pondok Pesantren Al Muqoddas Tukmudal Sumber Cirebon kesadaran dan pengakuan serta penerimaan sikap, perilaku, mental, dan moral warga sekolah yang dilaksanakan dalam berbagai kegiatan, seperti saling menghormati perbedaan yang beragam, seperti suku, keturunan, warna kulit, keturunan, agama, pekerjaan, dan sebagainya; 3) Penilaian pendidikan multikultural di Pondok Pesantren Al Muqoddas Tukmudal Sumber Cirebon dengan indikator berupa perubahan perilaku sikap, moral, dan mental serta pandangannya tentang keregamanan sosial, budaya ekonomi, dan politik yang menjadi pemersatu bangsa

L'accident vasculaire cérébral (AVC) est la cause majeure de la dépendance de l'adulte dans les pays à faible et moyens revenus, y compris la République Démocratique du Congo (DRC). Il y entraine des dépenses majeures pour sa prise en charge en réadaptation alors que les personnes qui en sont victimes manquent souvent des moyens pour supporter les soins de réadaptation. Cette situation peut contribuer à limiter l'accès aux soins de réadaptation à moyen et long termes, avec des répercussions sur la récupération fonctionnelle en termes d'activités de la vie quotidienne (AVQ), de capacité de marcher chez soi ou en communauté, et de participation. De nombreuses études réalisées dans des contextes divers ont fourni des portraits sur les niveaux de réalisation des AVQ et/ou de la marche chez les patients post-AVC. D'autres études se sont focalisées sur la participation de ces patients. Mais à ce jour, à notre connaissance, rien de pareil n'a été conduit dans le contexte de la RDC et de Kinshasa en particulier. C'est ainsi que l'étude que nous avons menée à Kinshasa, capitale de la RDC avait comme buts de (1) décrire les niveaux d'activité et de participation des patients post-AVC vivant à Kinshasa et (2) comparer ces niveaux par rapport aux catégories de vitesse de marche de ces patients. Les résultats ont montré que ces patients, malgré le revenu mensuel insuffisant, voire même inexistant, et le manque d'assurance maladie pour nombreux d'entre eux, avaient généralement un bon niveau d'activité. Cependant, pris individuellement, la plupart de ces patients présentaient encore des limitations à accomplir des activités en communauté. Ils nécessitent donc le soutien de leurs familles respectives et une attention particulière de la part des soignants pour qu'ils progressent, dans la mesure du possible, en termes d'activité et de participation. ; Stroke is the major cause of adult dependence in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs), including the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). It leads to enormous expenditure for rehabilitation care, while stroke survivors in this country often experience financial difficulties for supporting rehabilitation care. This situation may contribute to limiting access to mild-and long-term rehabilitation care, with repercussions on functional recovery in terms of activities of daily life (ADLs), walking ability at home or in the community, and participation. Many studies carried out in various contexts have provided portraits on the levels of ADLs and/or walking ability after stroke. Other studies have focused on poststroke participation. Given that, to our knowledge, there is no available study in DRC and Kinshasa particularly, neither on activity and participation nor on walking ability after stroke, our study aimed ) to (1) describe the levels of activity and participation of post-stroke patients living in Kinshasa and (2) compare these levels across subgroup-based walking speed. The results showed that these patients, despite insufficient or non-existent monthly income, and the lack of health insurance for many of them, generally had a good level of activity. However, taken individually, most of these patients still had limitations in performing community activities. They therefore require the support of their respective families and special attention on the part of caregivers to progress, as far as possible, in terms of activity and participation.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) represent the first cause of worldwide mortality. The prevention of modifiable risk factors is efficient. The international project SPICES proposes to implement innovative interventions about CVD prevention in Europe and Sub-Saharan Africa. The first step of the project was to realise a situational analysis (SA) about CVD prevention in each country. The objective of this paper was to implement the SA in France.Methodology: Makerere's University produced a guide in English to realise the SA. Two independent French translations were produced. A final version was consensually validated. Three questionnaires were created from the guide to produce the SA at local and national levels. National data was carried out by narrative review of literature. Two independent searches were made and assembled into a final version.Results: CVD represented 28% of mortality in France. The Plan National Nutrition Santé, the Plan National de Réduction du Tabagisme, the Plan National action Accident Vasculaire Cerebral were implemented. A salt consumption reduction policy and anti-tobacco legislation have intervened. A lot of caregivers were involved in prevention, the general practitioner was identified as the prevention's first actor. The medicinal observance approached 50%. Therapeutic education appeared to be an efficient solution.Conclusion: Several initiatives were found, with sometimes unsatisfactory results. Social and regional inequalities explained the difference of the CVD's prevalence. The lack of coordination in the national plans, the absence of local actions and medical practice's heterogeneity explained the failure of prevention. Therapeutic education and multi-disciplinary health centres should be developed. ; Les Maladies Cardio-Vasculaires (MCV) représentent la première cause mortalité mondiale. La prévention des facteurs de risque (FDR) modifiables est efficace. Le projet international SPICES propose d'implémenter des interventions novatrices dans la prévention des MCV en Europe et en Afrique Sub-Saharienne. La première étape du projet était la réalisation d'un état des lieux de la prévention des MCV dans chaque Pays. L'objectif de ce travail était de réaliser cet état de lieux en France.Méthodologie : L'Université de Makerere (partenaire du projet SPICES) a produit un guide en Anglais pour réaliser l'état des lieux. Deux traductions indépendantes vers le Français ont été réalisées. Une version définitive adaptée au contexte local a été validée par consensus. A partir du guide, 3 questionnaires ont été créés pour réaliser l'état des lieux au niveau local et national. Le recueil national a été réalisé par revue narrative de la littérature. Deux recueils indépendants ont été réalisés et assemblés en une version définitive.Résultats : Les MCV représentaient 28 % des décès en France. Le Plan National Nutrition Santé, le Plan National de Réduction du tabagisme, le Plan National Action Accident Vasculaire Cérébral étaient retrouvés. Des politiques de réduction du sel alimentaire et une législation anti-tabac intervenaient. De nombreux soignants s'impliquaient dans la prévention, le médecin traitant était identifié comme le premier acteur de la prévention. L'observance médicamenteuse approchait les 50 %. L'éducation thérapeutique apparaissait comme une solution efficiente dans la prévention.Conclusion : De nombreuses initiatives ont été retrouvées, avec des résultats parfois décevants. Les inégalités sociales et régionales semblaient expliquer les différences de prévalence des MCV. Le manque de coordination des plans nationaux, l'absence de relais local des actions et l'hétérogénéité des pratiques expliquaient les échecs de la prévention. L'éducation thérapeutique et les maisons de soins pluridisciplinaires devraient être développées.

ความสำคัญของปัญหาการวิจัย: จังหวัดสุรินทร์ดำเนินการโครงการเด็กไทยไม่กินหวานร่วมกับกองทุน สนับสนุน การสร้างเสริมสุขภาพ (สสส.) และกรมอนามัย ในชื่อโครงการ "เด็ก สุรินทร์อ่อนหวาน" มาตั้งแต่ปี 2549 จนถึงปัจจุบัน ดำเนินการเครือข่าย 12 พื้นที่ ใน 11 อำเภอ โดยพบอัตราความชุกของโรคฟันผุในเด็กก่อนวัยเรียนจากการ สำรวจแบบเร่งด่วนติดต่อกันมา 5 ปี ตั้งแต่ปี 2545-2549 มีอัตราความชุกของ โรคฟันผุ ร้อยละ 60.9, 75.7, 65.0, 80.0 และ 70.8 ตามลำดับ ซึ่งสอดคล้อง กับแนวโน้มปัญหาของการมีฟันผุในเด็กเล็ก เด็กประถมศึกษา รวมทั้งปัญหา โภชนาการเกินในเด็ก ซึ่งพบแนวโน้มของโรคที่รุนแรงมากขึ้นในกลุ่มเด็ก คือ โรค เบาหวาน โรคไต ฟันผุ จึงมีความพยายามสร้างเครือข่ายการดูแลโรคในช่องปาก และการส่งเสริมทันตสุขภาพ โภชนาการ รวมทั้งการควบคุมสภาพแวดล้อม อนามัยสิ่งแวดล้อมในโรงเรียน ตลอดจนในโรงพยาบาล สถานีอนามัย และศูนย์ พัฒนาเด็กเล็ก โดยเน้นนโยบายสาธารณะในเรื่องโรงเรียนปลอดน้ำอัดลม และ ขนมกรุบกรอบ รวมทั้งเน้นโภชนาการที่ดีแก่ศูนย์พัฒนาเด็กเล็ก การดำเนินการ วิจัยอาศัยเครื่องมือสำคัญในการวัดและประเมินผล คือ แผนที่ผลลัพธ์ (Outcome Mapping) เป็นการสร้างการเรียนรู้และการสะท้อนกลับในแผนงานพัฒนา โดยใช้ แบบสอบถามและแบบสัมภาษณ์ ผู้บริหารของโรงเรียน โรงพยาบาล ผู้ดำเนินงาน ผู้เกี่ยวข้องกับตัวเด็กปฐมวัย เด็กนักเรียน ครู ครูพี่เลี้ยงเด็ก ทันตบุคลากร เจ้าหน้าที่สาธารณสุข เพี่อหาปัจจัยสำคัญที่ทำให้ผลการดำเนินงานได้ผลดีขึ้นจาก เดิม และพยายามไม่ใช้ทรัพยากรคน เจ้าหน้าที่สาธารณสุข เงิน งบประมาณ และวัสดุอื่น ๆ เพิ่มมากขึ้น โดยเน้นการสร้างทีมงานบนปรัชญา การทำงานให้มีความสุข สนุกกับงาน และนำเอาผลลัพธ์ที่ได้มาพัฒนาวิชาการ การเรียนรู้วิธีการ สร้างเครือข่าย องค์กร ความร่วมมือ บูรณาการ งานพัฒนาร่วมกับองค์กร ปกครองท้องถิ่น ส่วนราชการที่เกี่ยวข้องโดยใช้ศักยภาพของคนเป็นองค์รวม และ ใช้องค์กรแห่งการเรียนรู้ร่วมกัน โดยมีเป้าหมายขยายงานภาคีหุ้นส่วนเพิ่มมากขึ้น ในปี2552 ทุกอำเภออย่างน้อยพื้นที่ละ1 เครือข่าย ใน17อำเภอ เพี่อจุดประกาย การส่งเสริมทันตสุขภาพ และการควบคุมอาหารหวาน การโภชนาการที่ถูกต้อง และกระตุ้นความสำนึกของความรับผิดชอบในตัวคน ให้ออกมาร่วมกับทุกส่วนที่ เกี่ยวข้องให้ได้ผลลัพธ์ที่ดีต่อทันตสุขภาพและสุขภาพโดยรวมของคนในชุมชนต่อไปวัตถุประสงค์: ใช้แผนที่ผลลัพธ์เป็นเครื่องมือในการตอบผลลัพธ์ในเชิงพัฒนาการสร้างการเรียนรู้และการสะท้อนกลับในแผนงานพัฒนาพื้นที่ดำเนินการ: ดำเนินการในพื้นที่เครือข่ายภายในจังหวัดสุรินทร์ 11 อำเภอ 12 พื้นที่ ในปี 2550รูปแบบการวิจัย: การวิจัยประเมินผลวิธีการวิจัย: ใช้กลุ่มตัวอย่างจากแบบสอบถาม4แบบ ในผู้บริหาร ผู้ดำเนินการ ผู้ประสานงาน เด็กนักเรียน ครู ครูพี่เลี้ยงเด็ก ที่เกี่ยวข้องในการทำโครงการ "เด็กสุรินทร์ อ่อนหวาน" ทั้ง 12 พื้นที่เครือข่าย ใน 11 อำเภอ ของจังหวัดสุรินทร์ วิเคราะห์ ข้อมูลตามแนวทางการใช้แผนที่ผลลัพธ์ และวิเคราะห์ผลจากแนวความคิด ข้อเสนอแนะ ความเห็น และข้อสรุปต่าง ๆ ของผู้ตอบ รวมทั้งปัจจัยเสริม ปัจจัยนำ ปัจจัยตามอื่น ๆ เพื่อหาข้อเสนอการทำงานโครงการที่มีประสิทธิผล ประสิทธิภาพเพิ่มขึ้น โดยต้นทุนต่ำสุด ผลการวิจัย: จาก 12 พื้นที่เครือข่าย ของ 11 อำเภอ ในโครงการ มีความเห็นให้ดำเนินการ ต่อเนื่องของโครงการอย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติ และความสำเร็จเถิดจากความ ร่วมมือจากกลุ่มบุคลากร ข้าราชการครู และเจ้าเหน้าที่ทุกส่วนที่เกี่ยวข้องร่วมกัน ดำเนินการโครงการเด็กสุรินทร์อ่อนหวานต่อเนื่องไปจนโครงการดำเนินการต่อไป และประเมินผลต่อเนื่องด้วยเครื่องมือ แผนที่ผลลัพธ์ทั้ง 12 ขั้นตอน ย่อย ต่อเนื่องสรุปผลการวิจัย: ผู้บริหารของโรงพยาบาล, โรงเรียน, ศูนย์พัฒนาเด็กเล็ก และชุมชนควรให้การ สนับสนุนการดำเนินการของโครงการ และเพิ่มเป้าหมายของพื้นที่เครือข่ายให้ ครอบคลุมทั้งจังหวัดสุรินทร์อย่างน้อย 17 พื้นที่เครือข่าย ใน 17 อำเภอ ใน ปี 2551 นี้ เพื่อให้การดำเนินการส่งเสริมทันตสุขภาพดำเนินการอย่างต่อเนื่อง ขยายตัวออกไปอย่างครอบคลุมทั่วทั้งพื้นที่ในจังหวัดสุรินทร์ คำสำคัญ: แผนที่ผลลัพธ์, โครงการเด็กสุรินทร์อ่อนหวาน, กองทุนสนับสนุนการสร้างเสริม สุขภาพ, ภาคีหุ้นส่วน ; Background: Surin province has been participating "Sweet Enough for Thai children" project with department of public health in title "Sweet Enough for Surin children" project since 2006. According to prevalence of dental caries in pre-school students from 2002 to 2006 is highly increased (60.9%, 757%, 65.0%, 80.0% and 70.8% respectively). The network for dental health care and promotion was therefore created and emphasized on public policies for Free Soda and Snack School campaign including provide good dietary for child development centers according to The Thai Health Promotion Foundation Policy. The evaluation on this project based on outcome mapping was applied to describe the project success factors.Objective: to evaluate outcome of Sweet Enough for Surin children project with outcome mapping tool and to describe the factors affected project outcome for further development plan. Study design: Evaluation researchMethod: The Sweet Enough for Surin children project in 11 districts of Surin province was evaluated with outcome mapping tool to create learning and feedback in development plan. Evaluation tools were direct interview and questionnaire for school and hospital administer, project responsible staff, primary school children and related care person including dental caregivers and another health care providers. The factors affected project success were described and feedback to development plan in 12 networks of Public Boundary Partnership.Result: From 12 networks of Sweet Enough for Surin children project in 11 districts. The success of this project affected by concept of team creation which based on teamwork and job happiness and learning from practice to knowledge management. Network creation also integrated and participated with local administrative parties and related governmental officials. Moreover staff potential and learning organization also contributed the project success. Conclusion: Administers of hospitals, schools, child development centers and communities had agree in accordance to continue the project and increase target area to cover all districts of Surin province in 2009 with at least 17 networks for the effectiveness of dental health care promotion. Key words: Outcome mapping, Sweet Enough for Thai Children project, The Thai Health Promotion Foundation, Boundary Partnership

Abstrak - Pembinaan sikap dalam pendidikan militer TNI AD merupakan suatu hal yang mutlak dilakukan untuk membentuk ciri khas karakter Prajurit TNI AD. Karakter prajurit yang diharapkan adalah karakter Bintara TNI AD sebagai tulang punggung satuan yang memiliki nilai-nilai Sapta Marga dan Sumpah Prajurit. Sehingga dalam pelaksanaan tugas di satuan, setiap Bintara TNI AD responsif terhadap lingkungan dan tangguh dalam menghadapi dinamika tugas di lapangan dengan berpedoman kepada Sapta Marga dan Sumpah Prajurit. Penelitian yang dilaksanakan di Secaba Rindam IX/Udayana, Tabanan, Bali ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan tehnik pengumpulan data triangulasi metode yang meliputi observasi partisipatif aktif dan wawancara semiterstruktur. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa upaya-upaya yang dilakukan Secaba Rindam IX/Udayana dalam pembinaan sikap Bintara TNI AD adalah menggunakan metode sesuai yang telah ditentukan dan menerapkan metode Reward and Punishment serta dengan memberikan contoh dan teladan yang baik mengenai sikap perilaku prajurit dalam setiap kegiatan. Disamping itu dengan melaksanakan pengawasan melekat yang dilakukan oleh seluruh pengasuh dalam setiap kegiatan siswa, memberikan konseling secara perorangan serta memberikan catatan dan penilaian dalam bentuk buku kepribadian sebagai bahan evaluasi setiap pengasuh. Beberapa faktor yang berpengaruh signifikan dalam pembentukan karakter tersebut antara lain metode yang digunakan, peran pengasuh, kemauan dan motivasi siswa, budaya dan adat istiadat serta latar belakang keluarga. Penelitian ini berusaha mengungkapkan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi Pembinaan sikap Bintara TNI AD dalam pendidikan pertama Bintara serta upaya-upaya yang perlu dilakukan untuk mengoptimalkan pembinaan sikap tersebut.Kata Kunci: Pembinaan sikap, Pembentukan karakter, Bintara, Rindam, Pendidikan Abstract - Character formation in the military education of the Indonesian army is something that is absolutely necessary to form the characteristic of the Indonesian Army character. Expected warrior character is the character of the Army NCO as the backbone of the unit that has the values of Sevenfold Ways and the Soldier's Oath. Thus, in the implementation of the tasks in the unit, every NCO Army responsive to the environment and resilient in the face of dynamic tasks in the field by referring to Sevenfold Ways and the Soldier's Oath. Studies conducted in Secaba Rindam IX/Udayana, Tabanan, Bali use descriptive method qualitative, data collection techniques triangulation of methods including participatory observation of active and semi-structured interviews. The study states that the efforts undertaken Secaba Rindam IX/Udayana in shaping the character of the Army NCO is using appropriate methods that have been determined and implement methods of Reward and Punishment as well as by example and set a good example on the mindsets of soldiers in each of the activities. Besides, with the oversight of the inherent done by all caregivers in any student activities, provide counseling individually and provides a record and personality assessment in the form of books as an evaluation of each caregiver. Some of the factors that have significant influence in forming the character, among other methods, the role of caregiver, willingness and motivation, culture and customs as well as family background. This study tried to reveal the factors that affect the formation of the Indonesian Army NCO character in the first NCO education and efforts should be made to optimize the formation of the character.Keywords: Attitude Building, character building, NCO, Rindam, education

The values of filial piety have strongly influenced the care of older people in traditional Chinese societies. Changes in family structure and relationships have occurred and in recent decades, transnational migration has become a factor in how filial piety is perceived and practiced in contemporary translocal Chinese families. Through the use of in-depth interviews, this pilot study explores transnational family patterns, elder care practices, attitudes towards filial piety, and opinions of the medical systems in Taiwan and Australia among 14 Taiwanese families who have lived in Australia for over 20 years. The study finds that despite immigration, filial piety remains an important value for these families. Most participants have/had provided care to their aged parents at the site of immigration and back home, and some of these parents were immigrants who had returned to Taiwan in their old age. Participants generally felt that older people are better looked after in Taiwan than in Australia, as Taiwan has a better healthcare system, and hired caregivers are more readily available. Elders' expectations of filial piety from their children varied among participants, but all were prepared for a weakening of filiality and ongoing changes in intergenerational relations while living in a Western country.
傳統中國社會的老人照顧,受到孝道價值觀的影響很深。因為家庭結構及成員關係的改變,特別是近三十年來移民國外人口的增加,對當代華人家庭對孝道的認知與實踐產生了新的影響。本研究透過深入訪談居住澳洲二十年以上的台灣移民,探索跨國家庭類型、照顧年長父母的方式、對孝道的看法,以及台灣及澳洲兩地醫療體系的差異。研究發現雖然移民海外,盡孝道仍是重要的家庭價值。大部分的受訪者都曾為長者提供資源或參與照顧,無論是在澳洲或在台灣。年長父母也曾經在成年子女居住澳洲期間前往探視、短期逗留或移民。他們大部分都已回流台灣,原因是在台灣的年長者會得到較好的照顧,台灣的健保制度較適合年長者的需要,而且可以僱用外傭幫忙。已定居澳洲的台灣移民,對孝道的看法雖有差異,但對自己的成年子女是否能在環境不同的西方國家盡孝道,均有所保留。 (This article is in English.)

Protecting and promoting patients' and families' sense of dignity at end-of-life is an indispensable goal, one that palliative care professionals have pursued unceasingly in the modern era. While researchers have made several attempts to uncover the intricate meaning and constitution of dignity and dignified end-of-life care in recent years, their works are solely based upon a Western individualistic paradigm that may not be applicable in Eastern collective societies. This limitation underscores that the existing body of knowledge is missing an important articulation on the Chinese experience. Thus, to fill this important knowledge gap, this study has applied 'micro', 'meso' and 'macro' levels of inquiries to attain a holistic understanding of dignity and dignified end-of-life care in the Hong Kong Chinese context. Through meaning-oriented interviews with 18 Chinese palliative terminal cancer patients and 18 of their family caregivers, as well as four interpretive-systemic focus groups with 30 key informants involved in a novel end-of-life care pathway programme (N=66), a total of 31 themes that elucidate dignity and dignified end-of-life care have been generated. These 31 themes are carefully organized into 9 categories that reflect the Individual, Familial and Institutional dimensions of dignity at end-of-life. First, the Individual dimension includes: 1) "Personal Autonomy", which consists of Regain Control, Self-Sufficiency, Informed Care Decisions and Future Planning; 2) "Family Connectedness", which consists of Express Appreciation, Achieve Reconciliation, Fulfill Family Obligations and Strengthen Family Bond; and 3) "Spiritual Plasticity", which consists of Enduring pain, Spiritual Surrender, Moral Transcendence and Transgenerational Unity. Second, the Familial dimension involves: 1) "Social Agency", which comprises of Caregiving Resources, Caregiver Assertiveness and Communicative Action; 2) "Family Integrity", which comprises of Mutual Support, Kinship Involvement and Family Adaptability; and 3) "Filial Compassion", which comprises of Compassionate Duty, Reciprocal Relationship and Emotional Connection. Third, the Institutional dimension entails: 1) "Regulatory Empowerment", which encompasses Interdisciplinary Teamwork, Resource Allocation, Culture Building and Collaborative Policymaking; 2) "Family-Centered Care", which encompasses Continuity of Care, Family Conference and Care Partnership; and 3) "Collective Compassion", which encompasses Devotion in Care, Empathic Understanding, and Compassionate Action. These 9 categories and their respected 31 themes are clearly interrelated and embedded within the political, cultural, and spiritual contexts of society, highlighting the intricate interplay of systemic structure and social discourse for promoting dignity at end-of-life. These findings have further led to the development of the 'Patient-Family Model of Dignified Care' and the 'Interpretive-Systemic Framework of Dignity at End-of-Life'. The former provides a new clinical protocol for identifying and evaluating the strengths and weaknesses within the personal, interpersonal and transpersonal functioning of the patient-family dyads in Chinese end-of-life care. The latter offers a public health roadmap for social change that accentuates the necessity for a collective consciousness of compassion in pushing forth the ultimate ideal of living and dying with dignity in Hong Kong. Based on this body of work, recommendations for patient-family care at end-of-life, expansion of community-based palliative care, and development of palliative long-term-care for ensuring quality and equality in the care of dying patients and their families are discussed. ; published_or_final_version ; Social Work and Social Administration ; Doctoral ; Doctor of Philosophy

This study is in-depth research of the early intervention model for children with disabilities in the Thai-Lao ethnic group in Surin Province, Thailand and in Champasak Region, Lao People's Democratic Republic. Factors of this early intervention model for children with disabilities in the Thai-Lao ethnic group were analyzed and an educational policy model of early intervention for children with disabilities, in accordance with the context of Thailand, was proposed. Study methodol ogy combi ned qual i tati ve and quantitative methods with ethnographic research, focus group, and statistical factor analysis. Results of the study revealed that there were four aspects in the intervention model for children with disabilities in the Thai-Lao ethnic group derived from ethnographic research as follows: 1) family aspect, 2) assistant from community, government organization and related units aspect, 3) early intervention aspect, and 4) media, facility and environmental aspect. This four-aspect guideline was administered by personnel of the Special Education Center. With the application of statistical factor analysis, results indicated that there were 10 factors in the early intervention model for children with disabilities in the Tai-Lao ethnic group as follows: 1) personnel or organization in early intervention for 19 items, 2) collaboration of related organizations networking for 13 items, 3) social rights for 13 items, 4) educational rights for 9 items, 5) participation for 14 items, 6) support in rights service received for 8 items, 7) support in educational service for 7 items , 8) coordination and transferable service for 7 items, 9) government service received for 3 items, 10) occupational rights for 3 items. All of these factors in the intervention model for children with disabilities in the Tai-Lao ethnic group were used in a focus group process. It revealed that the proposed policy model, measurement and project of the intervention for children with disabilities in the context of Thailand should consist of the following: 1) encouraging thorough good quality educational services for children with disabilities in five measurements and three prominent projects, 2) cooperation of educational management for children with disabilities in six measurements and three prominent projects, 3) intensively promoting social support for children with disabilities in five measurements and three prominent projects, 4) supporting educational requirements for children with disabilities in their need to study in five measurements and three prominent projects, 5) participation of concerned organizations for children with disabilities in four measurements and three prominent projects, 6) intensively promoting children with disabilities to attain the same service as normal people in five measurements and three prominent projects, 7) intensively promoting thorough valid service in education for children with disabilities in five measurements and three prominent projects, 8) supporting cooperation between organizations networking for children with disabilities in four measurements and three prominent projects, 9) supporting quality services from government organi zati ons i n three measurements and two prominent projects, 10) thoroughly supporting disabilities and disability caregivers with sustainable occupations in five measurements and three prominent projects. The results of the study in policy, measurements and projects directly relate to special education organizations to recognize the needs, and valid necessities of children with disabilities. The capacity of children with disabilities should be developed by coordinating local authorities and relating special and important need services to each disabled child. This should be provided by developing each organization unit to be in the home and the services coming from parents.

11 páginas ; The dependence and risk of abuse facing elderly people with dementia at the hand of their caregivers or relatives poses a public health problem the world over. Accordingly, analysis and refl ection on the problem in light of "ethical, legal, political implications and not only medical considerations" is essential and of particular interest in the fi eld of the bioethics. The authors conducted a survey to determine the extent of physical dependence and to detect abuse, as well as the association between abuse and respect for the preferences of elderly persons with dementia. Sixty-one elderly persons with mild to moderate dementia were evaluated: 73.8% were women and 26.2%, men. Abuse was reported among 29.2% of the women and 18.8% of the men. No statistically signifi cant association was found between abuse and physical dependence. However, risk of abuse was found among 47.30% of the elderly with dementia whose preferences were not being respected, compared to those whose preferences were. This is statistically signifi cant (IC 95%, 6.73-495.18). ; La relevancia del problema de salud pública que representan en el mundo las demencias, su asociación con la dependencia y el riesgo de maltrato en los ancianos con demencia por parte de sus cuidadores primarios o sus familiares, hacen necesario el análisis y la reflexión "de las implicaciones éticas, económicas, jurídicas, políticas y no sólo las consideraciones médicas", de este problema, que reviste un interés particular dentro del campo de la Bioética. Se realizó una encuesta con el objetivo de determinar la dependencia física y detectar el maltrato, así como la asociación entre maltrato y respeto de sus preferencias en el anciano con demencia. Se evaluaron 61 ancianos con demencia de leve a moderada, de los cuales 73,8% fueron mujeres y 26,2% hombres. El porcentaje de pacientes que sufren maltrato fue de 29,2% en mujeres y 18,8% en hombres. No se encontró asociación estadísticamente signifi cativa entre maltrato y dependencia física. Sin embargo, se encontró un riesgo de maltrato de 47,30% en ancianos con demencia a quienes no se les respetan sus preferencias con respecto a quienes sí se le respetan, medida con signifi cancia estadística (IC 95%, 6,73-495,18). ; A importância mundial do problema da demência na saúde pública, sua associação com a dependência e o risco de abuso de idosos com demência por seus cuidadores e familiares obrigam a analisar e reflexionar "não apenas sobre considerações médicas, mas também sobre as repercussões éticas, econômicas, jurídicas e políticas" desta questão de particular interesse no campo da bioética. Foi realizada uma pesquisa para determinar a dependência física e detectar o abuso, bem como a associação entre abuso e respeito as suas preferências em idosos com demência. Foram avaliados 61 pacientes idosos com demência leve a moderada, dos quais 73,8% eram do sexo feminino e 26,2% de sexo masculino. A porcentagem de pacientes que sofrem abuso foi 29,2% nas mulheres e 18,8% nos homens. Não houve associação estatisticamente signifi cativa entre abuso e dependência física. No entanto, encontrou-se risco de maus-tratos de 47,30% em pacientes idosos com demência aos que não se respeitam as suas preferências com relação aos que se lhes respeitam, medido com significância estatística (95% CI, 6,73-495, 18).

The dependence and risk of abuse facing elderly people with dementia at the hand of their caregivers or relatives poses a public health problem the world over. Accordingly, analysis and refl ection on the problem in light of "ethical, legal, political implications and not only medical considerations" is essential and of particular interest in the fi eld of the bioethics. The authors conducted a survey to determine the extent of physical dependence and to detect abuse, as well as the association between abuse and respect for the preferences of elderly persons with dementia. Sixty-one elderly persons with mild to moderate dementia were evaluated: 73.8% were women and 26.2%, men. Abuse was reported among 29.2% of the women and 18.8% of the men. No statistically signifi cant association was found between abuse and physical dependence. However, risk of abuse was found among 47.30% of the elderly with dementia whose preferences were not being respected, compared to those whose preferences were. This is statistically signifi cant (IC 95%, 6.73-495.18). ; DOI:10.5294/pebi.2010.14.1.5 La relevancia del problema de salud pública que representan en el mundo las demencias, su asociación con la dependencia y el riesgo de maltrato en los ancianos con demencia por parte de sus cuidadores primarios o sus familiares, hacen necesario el análisis y la reflexión "de las implicaciones éticas, económicas, jurídicas, políticas y no sólo las consideraciones médicas", de este problema, que reviste un interés particular dentro del campo de la Bioética. Se realizó una encuesta con el objetivo de determinar la dependencia física y detectar el maltrato, así como la asociación entre maltrato y respeto de sus preferencias en el anciano con demencia. Se evaluaron 61 ancianos con demencia de leve a moderada, de los cuales 73,8% fueron mujeres y 26,2% hombres. El porcentaje de pacientes que sufren maltrato fue de 29,2% en mujeres y 18,8% en hombres. No se encontró asociación estadísticamente signifi cativa entre maltrato y dependencia física. Sin embargo, se encontró un riesgo de maltrato de 47,30% en ancianos con demencia a quienes no se les respetan sus preferencias con respecto a quienes sí se le respetan, medida con signifi cancia estadística (IC 95%, 6,73-495,18). DOI:10.5294/pebi.2010.14.1.5 ; A importância mundial do problema da demência na saúde pública, sua associação com a dependência e o risco de abuso de idosos com demência por seus cuidadores e familiares obrigam a analisar e reflexionar "não apenas sobre considerações médicas, mas também sobre as repercussões éticas, econômicas, jurídicas e políticas" desta questão de particular interesse no campo da bioética. Foi realizada uma pesquisa para determinar a dependência física e detectar o abuso, bem como a associação entre abuso e respeito as suas preferências em idosos com demência. Foram avaliados 61 pacientes idosos com demência leve a moderada, dos quais 73,8% eram do sexo feminino e 26,2% de sexo masculino. A porcentagem de pacientes que sofrem abuso foi 29,2% nas mulheres e 18,8% nos homens. Não houve associação estatisticamente signifi cativa entre abuso e dependência física. No entanto, encontrou-se risco de maus-tratos de 47,30% em pacientes idosos com demência aos que não se respeitam as suas preferências com relação aos que se lhes respeitam, medido com significância estatística (95% CI, 6,73-495, 18).

Background: It is common knowledge that Bangladesh has a high prevalence of illness among its older people and that the government healthcare services offer them inadequate support. Despite this, however, information about older people s health and illnesses as a function of health promotion is scant. Aims: To examine the impact of a health promotion intervention on health in old age; to examine associations between bone and joint diseases and health-related quality of life; and to study associations between social capital and quality of life among older people in rural Bangladesh. Methods: This thesis is compiled based on two intervention studies and two cross-sectional studies. Data for Studies I, III and IV were derived from the Primary Healthcare in Later Life: Improving Services in Bangladesh and Vietnam (PHILL) project. Data for Study II were derived from the Poverty and Health in Aging (PHA) project. The projects were located in one of the 64 districts of Bangladesh and situated 70 kilometers southeast of the capital Dhaka. In the PHILL project, eight villages were selected through simple random selection and all the older people (≥60 years) who were residing in the selected villages (n=1,135) were chosen for the study. In PHA (n=850) older people were selected through simple random selection from two purposively selected research blocks. Health promotion interventions in PHILL included physical activity, advice on healthy food intake and other aspects of management. To create an enabling environment, social awareness was provided by means of information about the contribution of and challenges faced by older people at home and in the community, including information about their health and healthcare. The intervention activities were provided to older people themselves, their caregivers, household members, community people, and healthcare providers for a period of 15 months. During analyses, participants in the intervention area were further stratified into compliant (n=315) and non-compliant (n=110) groups based on reported compliance with the intervention activities. Arthritis-related illness and bone and joint diseases were indicated by the presence of any form of arthritis, joint and back pain. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) was measured using a multi-dimensional generic instrument. Quality of life was assessed using a single global question. Results: Study I revealed that older people who adhered to health promotion activities reported significantly less arthritis-related illness and less healthcare expenditure. Study II showed that bone and joint diseases were significantly associated with various dimensions and overall HRQoL. Furthermore, being an elderly woman and being a woman with self-reported joint and back pain were associated with lower scores in various dimensions of HRQoL. Study III indicated that, in the non-compliant group, the probability of increased HRQoL scores was less likely only in overall HRQoL. In the control group, the probability of increased scores was less likely in the physical, social, spiritual, environment dimensions and overall HRQoL. Study IV revealed that low social capital, both at the individual and community levels, was significantly associated with poor quality of life. Conclusions: This thesis suggests that the provision of community-based health promotion intervention among older people could help to both reduce the burden of arthritis-related illness and its related healthcare expenditure, and improve their health-related quality of life.

The novel coronavirus disease that emerged at the end of 2019 began threatening the health and lives of millions of people after a few weeks. Highly contagious with the possibility of causing severe respiratory disease, it has quickly impacted governments and public health systems. These have responded by declaring a public health emergency of national and international concern, as well as by adopting extraordinary measures to prevent the contagion and limit the outbreak. Millions of lives have been significantly altered, and a global, multi-level, and demanding stress-coping-adjustment process is ongoing. The COVID-19 disease has now achieved pandemic status. The World Health Organization has issued guidelines for managing the problem from both biomedical and psychological points of view. While preventive and medical action is the most important at this stage, emergency psychological crisis interventions for people affected by COVID-19 are also critical. This includes direct interventions for patients, and indirect for relatives, caregivers, and health care professionals. After the first experiences in China, clinical institutions and universities internationally have opened online platforms to provide psychological counseling services for affected people. Nevertheless, some research has underlined that the mental health of COVID-19 patients (including confirmed patients, patients with suspected infection, quarantined family members, and health care workers) has been poorly considered and handled. Moreover, in order to develop psychological interventions for all or specific (e.g., more vulnerable) groups, important issues to address include the adverse psychological impacts and psychopathological symptoms in the general population during the pandemic. The goal of this Research Topic is to stimulate novel investigations and theoretical perspectives on how people are psychologically affected by and coping with the COVID-19 emergency. We intend for this article collection to be a discussion platform on how to help people cope with and adjust to the critical situation. Specific aims include reducing the risk of developing distress, improving well-being, as well as promoting preventive behaviors. Further, this Research Topic aims to offer governments and policymakers evidence-based strategies to improve public and clinical intervention systems. Finally, we aim to elucidate strategies to effectively manage mental health in the COVID-19 pandemic. Original Research, Data Reports, Study Protocols, Community Case Studies, Case Reports, theoretical perspectives, and viewpoints are welcome. Important subject areas of this Research Topic include: • Individual, family, and interpersonal coping with the COVID-19 emergency; • Risk factors of psychological distress at the individual, family, interpersonal and cultural level (e.g., activity restriction and reduction of pleasant events; personality traits; hypochondria and cyberchondria; mental disorders; family characteristics; social support, etc.); • Impact of mass media and social media on psychological attitudes and behaviors towards the COVID-19 emergency; • Coping as a health professional during the epidemic (e.g., emotions, psychological burdens, anxiety, traumatic experiences, PTSD); • Clinical and health-based psychological interventions for sufferers, high-risk individuals, and those living in the worst-hit communities; • Clinical emergency protocols to manage mental health problems: evidence-based suggestions and indications to governments and policymakers; • Behavior-change interventions to improve adherence and compliance with preventive regulations and guidance; • Internet interventions, remote psychological support, mHealth-eHealth based treatments, psychology-oriented digital tools and apps in the COVID-19 emergency; • Monitoring changes in psychological, behavioral and interpersonal responses to the COVID-19 emergency over time; • Cross-cultural comparisons in responding to and coping with the COVID-19 emergency at the individual, family, and interpersonal levels.

Volkova D. Ye. CONSTITUTIONAL BASEMENTS OF ESTABLISHMENT AND FUNCTIONING OF RELIGIOUSORGANIZATIONSThe purpose of the article is to analyze the constitutional principles of creation and functioning of religiousorganizations in Ukraine.The author begins by referring to the provisions of Article 36 of the Constitution of Ukraine, on which he putsforward the following remarks:a) they refer to citizens of Ukraine, which is fair to political parties, but hardly true when it comes to publicorganizations – as well as religious organizations;b) religious organizations are not mentioned separately, which raises the question of whether or not the constitutionalbasis for their establishment and operation is contained in part one of Article 36.The author formulates and substantiates the thesis on the need to clarify the title of the Law "On Freedom of Conscienceand Religious Organizations" of April 23, 1991, proposing the title "On Religious Organizations", and argues thatthe structure of the current Law does not fully meet the needs of caregivers. functioning, termination of religiousorganizations. The following structure is proposed, which would correspond to all stages of "vital activity" of suchorganizations, thus laying the foundations of the constitutional regulation of their creation and activity: Section I"General principles"; Section II "Procedure for the formation and registration of religious organizations"; Section III"Legal status and activities of religious organizations"; Section VI "Membership in religious organizations"; Section V"Funds and other property of religious organizations"; Section VI "State control over the activities of religiousorganizations"; Section VII "Termination of Religious Organizations"; Section VII "Final Provisions".It is summarized that in studying the constitutional and legal aspects of the establishment and operationof religious organizations, however, it is necessary to take into account not only the constitutional provisions onfreedom of conscience, but also the provisions of the Basic Law on Freedom of Association. Substantiation of how to doit correctly and medologically correct, represent further prospects for research in this area. ; Метою статті визначено аналіз конституційних засад створення та функціонування релігійних організаційв Україні.Автор починає зі звернення до положень статті 36 Конституції України, щодо яких висуває такі зауваження:а) у них йдеться про громадян України, що справедливо стосовно політичних партій, але навряд чи вірно,коли йдеться про громадські, а також і про релігійні організації;б) релігійні організації окремо не згадуються, що викликає запитання щодо того, чи конституційні основи їхстворення та діяльності містяться в частині першій статті 36, чи ні.Автор формулює та обґрунтовує тезу щодо необхідності уточнення назви Закону «Про свободу совісті та релі-гійні організації» від 23 квітня 1991 року, пропонуючи назву «Про релігійні організації», і доводить, що структу-ра чинного Закону не повністю відповідає потребам осіб, які опікуються питаннями створення, функціонування,припинення діяльності релігійних організацій. Запропоновано таку структуру, яка б відповідала всім стадіям«життєдіяльності» таких організацій, таким чином закладаючи засади конституційного регулювання їх створен-ня та діяльності: Розділ I «Загальні засади»; Розділ II «Порядок утворення та реєстрації релігійних організацій»;Розділ III «Правовий статус і діяльність релігійних організацій»; Розділ IV «Членство в релігійних організаціях»;Розділ V «Кошти й інше майно релігійних організацій»; Розділ VI «Державний контроль за діяльністю релігійнихорганізацій»; Розділ VII «Припинення діяльності релігійних організацій»; Розділ VIII «Заключні положення».Резюмовано, що під час дослідження конституційно-правових аспектів створення та діяльності релігійнихорганізацій усе ж таки варто враховувати не тільки конституційні положення про свободу совісті, але й положен-ня Основного Закону про свободу асоціацій. Обґрунтування того, як саме це зробити коректно й методологічновірно, являє собою подальші перспективи досліджень у напрямі.

When categories of actors are discredited, epistemic inequalities produce testimonial or hermeneutic injustices. These injustices manifest themselves in the absence of recognition of the knowledge of others and in the fact that their ability to understand is called into question. Moreover, although they are subjected to exogenous norms in which they do not find themselves, the people subjected to these injustices find it difficult to assert this and to identify their own norms. These two types of injustice alter the quality of care relationships, particularly in terms of relational ethics, by eroding the trust between caregivers and patients. In order to counteract these, a pedagogical experiment based on democratic and epistemic logics was proposed to health students. This experiment has three pillars: teaching on the partnership between health professionals and patients, patients as teachers or mentors and patients as colleagues. These three pillars are presented as interrelated, one not going without the other. On the democratic level, the aim is to rebalance the power relationships. Thus, it is patients who recruit patients and the latter have a status. At the epistemic level, the aim is to rebalance knowledge relationships, which involves questioning knowledge and standards in terms of their consequences on patients, or more precisely on the "patient experience". Two different and complementary pedagogical programs have been implemented to create a pedagogical experience within a medical faculty (Sorbonne Paris Nord University) located in the city of Bobigny, which is now called the "Bobigny experience". The aim of the first is to use the "patient perspective" to resolve clinical situations, while the second is to use narrative medicine to combine the experiences of students and patients on specific topics. ; Quand des catégories d'acteurs sont discrédités, les inégalités épistémiques produisent des injustices testimoniales ou herméneutiques. Ces injustices se manifestent par l'absence de reconnaissance des savoirs d'autrui et par le fait que sa faculté de compréhension soit mise en doute. De plus, bien que subissant des normes exogènes dans lesquelles elles ne se retrouvent pas, les personnes subissant ces injustices éprouvent des difficultés à se faire entendre et à identifier leurs propres normes. Ces deux types d'injustice altèrent la qualité des relations de soins, en particulier sur le plan de l'éthique relationnelle en érodant la confiance entre soignés et soignants. Pour les contrer, une expérience pédagogique adossée à des logiques démocratiques et épistémiques a été proposée à des étudiants en santé. Cette dernière comporte trois piliers: des enseignements sur le partenariat entre professionnels de santé et patients, des patients comme enseignants ou mentors et des patients comme collègues. Ces trois piliers sont présentés comme inter-reliés, l'un n'allant pas sans l'autre. Sur le plan démocratique, est visé un rééquilibre des rapports de pouvoir. Ainsi, ce sont des patients qui recrutent les patients, selon des critères qui leur sont propres et ces derniers ont un statut. Sur le plan épistémique, est visé un rééquilibre des rapports de savoirs, ce qui conduit à interroger les savoirs et les normes à l'aune de leurs conséquences sur les patients, plus exactement sur «l'expérience patient». Deux programmes pédagogiques différents et complémentaires mis en œuvre ont permis de constituer une expérience pédagogique au sein d'une faculté de médecine (Université Sorbonne Paris Nord) située dans la ville de Bobigny, dite dès lors «expérience de Bobigny». Il s'agit, pour l'un, de convoquer la «perspective patient» autour de la résolution de situations cliniques et pour l'autre, de convoquer la médecine narrative, afin de croiser les expériences d'étudiants et de patients autour de sujets précis.

The paper deals with the regulatory frameworks of family policy formation and implementation by the authorities of the European Union. Particular attention is paid to the peculiarities of family policy in some countries of the European Union (especially Poland), as well as the social protection of families with children and large families in the context of the value of their experience to Ukraine. Through a comparative analysis of European and national levels of family social protection policies, major trends have been identified that determine current trends in family support in Europe. The scientific review of the main achievements of the EU social policy in the field of family protection, which are promising for implementation in the political practice of Ukraine in the conditions of further European integration, is carried out. In the case of separate EU countries (Poland), the practice of implementing this mechanism is analyzed, its benefits (improving targeting, quality, accessibility of social services; increasing the efficiency and rationality of using social costs; increasing the level of openness, transparency and accountability, etc.) and risks (level of performance of contracts , financial, political).It is noted that the challenges to family policy in the countries of the European Union are quite different, but the principles of solidarity do not leave any of the countries that care for their own people. Based on an analysis of the social systems of some countries of the European Union, the following steps have been proposed to support families in Ukraine: – to introduce tax benefits for large families and, with the birth of each subsequent child, reduce taxes for families as a percentage; – to adopt a State program for the preschool education of children, which would include the creation of new preschool institutions, as well as state assistance for the care of children, provided the services of caregivers are used; – to optimize the system of public administration for social benefits for large families and elderly people, giving these powers only one central authority, using the experience of the Republic of Poland. ; У статті розглядаються нормативно-регулятивні основи формування та здійснення сімейної політики органами Європейського Союзу. Приділено увагу особливостям сімейної політики в деяких країнах Європейського Союзу (насамперед Польщі), а також соціальний захист сімей з дітьми і багатодітних сімей у контексті значення їх досвіду для України. За допомогою порівняльного аналізу загальноєвропейського і національного рівнів політики соціального захисту сім'ї, виявлено основні тенденції, які визначають сучасні напрямки супроводу сім'ї в Європі. Здійснено науковий огляд основних досягнень соціальної політики ЄС в сфері захисту сім'ї, які є перспективними для впровадження в політичну практику України в умовах подальшої євроінтеграції. На прикладі окремих країн ЄС (Польщі) проаналізовано практику запровадження цього механізму, визначено його переваги (підвищення адресності, якості, доступності соціальних послуг; підвищення ефективності та раціональності використання соціальних витрат, підвищення рівня відкритості, прозорості та відповідальності тощо) та ризики (рівень виконання договорів, фінансові, політичні).Зазначено, що виклики до сімейної політики в країнах Європейського Союзу достатньо різняться один від одного, але принципи солідарності не полишають жодну з країн, яка опікується долею свого власного народу. На основі аналізу соціальних систем деяких країн Європейського Союзу запропоновано наступні кроки щодо підтримки сімей в Україні: – запровадити податкові пільги для багатодітних сімей, а з народженням кожної наступної дитини зменшувати податки для сімей у відсотковому плані; – прийняти Державну програму виховання дітей дошкільного віку, яка б включала створення нових дошкільних установ, а також державну допомогу по догляду за дітьми при умові використання послуг вихователів; – оптимізувати систему державного управління щодо соціальних допомог багатодітним сім'ям і літнім людям, наділивши цими повноваженнями лише один центральний уповноважений орган, використавши досвід Республіки Польща.