Suchergebnisse

Intro -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Contributors -- 1 Introduction to Principal Themes and Issues -- PART ONE: GENERAL PERSPECTIVES -- 2 On Reaching a New Agenda: Self-Determination and Aging -- 3 Ethics and Aging: Trends and Problems in the Clinical Setting -- 4 Ethical Aspects of Aging: Justice, Freedom, and Responsibility -- 5 Paradigms of Aging: Growth versus Decline -- 6 Cognitive Intervention in Later Life: Philosophical Issues -- 7 The Calculus of Discrimination: Discriminatory Resource Allocation for an Aging Population -- 8 Population Aging and the Economy: Some Issues in Resource Allocation -- PART TWO: SPECIFIC ISSUES -- 9 The Right to Participate: Ending Discrimination Against the Elderly -- 10 Society and Essentials for Well-Being: Social Policy and the Provision of Care -- 11 Foregoing Treatment: Killing versus Letting Die, and the Issue of Non-Feeding -- 12 Foregoing Life-Sustaining Treatment: The Canadian Law Reform Commission and the President's Commission -- 13 Proxy Consent for Research on the Incompetent Elderly -- 14 Gerontology's Challenge from Its Research Population: Updating Research Ethics -- 15 Civil Liberties and the Elderly Patient -- 16 Narrative, Perspective, and Aging -- PART THREE: Biblography -- Bibliography -- General Index -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- Q -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W -- Index of Names -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W.

Intro -- Introduction to 2nd Edition -- Contents -- Preface -- Background: England and South Africa -- 1. Emily Hobhouse - A Stoic in the Making -- 2. War Fever, Leonard, and the Liberal Opposition -- 3. The War, Stage One -- 4. A Plan In The Making -- 5. Cape Town -- 6. Bloemfontein Camp -- 7. The Southern Camps -- 8. More From Bloemfontein -- 9. Springfontein - Norvals Pont, First visit to Kimberly -- 10. Concerns in London -- Cape Town to Mafeking -- 11. They Called Me Too Sympathetic -- 12. The Distress Fund and Rowntree's Initiative -- 13. Emily's Initiative -- 14. As the Stops were Pulled -- 15. The Campaign and 'The Times' -- 16. Problems, 'The Times', News from the Transvaal -- 17. A Commitee of Lady Visitors -- 18. A Long Tired Summer -- 19. A Decision to Return -- 20. Arrest and Deportation -- 21. Return Voyage and Concern at Home -- 22. A Question of Justice -- 23. The Ladies Commission and Milner's Initiative -- 24. Mostly Legal -- 25. Christmas and the New Year -- 26. So The Case Ends -- 27. The Brunt of the War and Where It Fell -- 28. A Bright Figure on a Sombre Background -- 29. Home Industries -- 30. Illness and Letters -- 31. Amidst a World War -- 32. To Love One's Enemies - Germany and After -- 33. In Conclusion - Their Great Friend -- Appendix I: The Camps and their Administration -- Appendix II: Stories -- Under War Conditions -- The Journey -- The Camps -- The Coming of the Peace -- References -- Select Bibliography -- Index.

This book provides an overview of the health of developing nations in the early twenty-first century. The basic assumption is that the health of a population is not independent of broader demographic trends, and does follow the health transition model. The coverage is broad, ranging from health transition in developing countries, to the health of women, to an analysis of morbidity. Population health is an essential component of human and social development. As both a means and an end of development, health lies at the heart of underdevelopment, and ranks first on the list of international priorities. The WHO slogan 'Health for all in 2000' reflects the spirit of a more general movement in favor of health promotion throughout the world. But the developing world is far from reaching this aim. The health of populations has improved in developing regions but there are still deep inequalities, and serious problems remain, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa. After reviewing the core concepts of population health, the book examines health transition in developing countries, a process that has resulted in a double burden of diseases. A discussion of mortality in developing countries serves to highlight the high rates of child mortality in these regions. The book devotes a full chapter to women's health, and its chapter-length analysis of morbidity highlights the double burden weighing down developing populations and concludes with an analysis of health systems in developing countries

"More than five decades have passed since Jane Jacobs wrote her classic The Death and Life of Great American Cities, and since a front page headline in the New York Times read, "Cars Choking Cities as 'Urban Sprawl' Takes Over." Yet sprawl persists, and not by mistake. It happens for a reason. As an activist and a scholar, Benjamin Ross is uniquely placed to diagnose why this is so. Dead End traces how the ideal of a safe, green, orderly retreat where hardworking members of the middle class could raise their children away from the city mutated into the McMansion and strip mall-ridden suburbs of today. Ross finds that sprawl is much more than bad architecture and sloppy planning. Its roots are historical, sociological, and economic. He uses these insights to lay out a practical strategy for change, honed by his experience leading the largest grass-roots mass transit advocacy organization in the United States. The problems of smart growth, sustainability, transportation, and affordable housing, he argues, are intertwined and must be solved as a whole. The two keys to creating better places to live are expansion of rail transit and a more genuinely democratic oversight of land use. Dead End is, ultimately, about the places where we live our lives. Both an engaging history of suburbia and an invaluable guide for today's urbanists, it will serve as a primer for anyone interested in how Americans actually live"--

In this edited volume leading scholars from different disciplinary backgrounds wrestle with social science integration opportunities and challenges. This book explores the growing concern of how best to achieve effective integration of the social science disciplines as a means for furthering natural resource social science and environmental problem solving. The chapters provide an overview of the history, vision, advances, examples and methods that could lead to integration. The quest for integration among the social sciences is not new. Some argue that the social sciences have lagged in their advancements and contributions to society due to their inability to address integration related issues. Integration merits debate for a number of reasons. First, natural resource issues are complex and are affected by multiple proximate driving social factors. Single disciplinary studies focused at one level are unlikely to provide explanations that represent this complexity and are limited in their ability to inform policy recommendations. Complex problems are best explored across disciplines that examine social-ecological phenomenon from different scales. Second, multi-disciplinary initiatives such as those with physical and biological scientists are necessary to understand the scope of the social sciences. Too frequently there is a belief that one social scientist on a multi-disciplinary team provides adequate social science representation. Third, more complete models of human behavior will be achieved through a synthesis of diverse social science perspectives.

The successful transition from armed conflict to peace is one of the greatest challenges of contemporary warfare. The laws and principles governing transitions from conflict to peace (jus post bellum) have only recently gained attention in legal scholarship. This volume investigates questions concerning the core of jus post bellum: the law ("jus"), the temporal aspect ("post"), and different types of armed conflict ("bellum"). It is the first volume to clarify the different legal meanings and components of the concept, including its implications in contemporary politics and practice. It explores the nature of jus post bellum as a concept, including its foundations, criticisms, and relationship to related concepts (e.g. Transitional Justice, Responsibility to Protect). It rethinks the nexus of the concept to jus ad bellum and jus in bello and its relevance in internal armed conflicts and peacebuilding. It examines problems in relation to the ending of conflict, including indicators for the end of conflict, exit strategies, and institutional responses. It also identifies contours of a "jus," drawing on disparate bodies and sources of international law such as peace agreements, treaty law, self-determination, norms governing peace operations, and the status of foreign armed forces, environmental law, human rights, and amnesty law. Taking into account perspectives from multiple disciplines, the book will be relevant to scholars, practitioners, and students across many fields, such as peace and conflict studies, international relations, philosophy, political science, and international law.

"Japan and Italy achieved strong economic growth in the 1960s, but their responses to the oil crises and their economic performance in the 1980s were quite different. Both countries went on to encounter severe economic problems in the early 1990s, and the governments had to deal with those issues effectively, despite the smaller economic resources available to them under the increasing neoliberal pressures of globalisation after the end of the Cold War. This book seeks to explain the differences in labour market deregulation policies between Japan and Italy, despite the fact that the two countries share a number of similar political, social, and labour market (if not cultural) characteristics. Uniquely, it takes a political, rather than economic or sociological perspective to provide a theoretical and empirical analysis of the processes of labour market deregulation in the two countries. The precarious working conditions of an increasing number of non-regular workers has become a prominent social issue in many industrialised countries including Japan and Italy, but the level of the protection for these workers depends on a country's policies. This book provides a useful perspective for understanding the root causes of this phenomenon, such as the diffusion of 'neoliberal' ideas aimed at promoting labour-market flexibility under globalisation, and demonstrates that there is still room for politics to decide the extent of deregulation and maintain worker protection from management offensives even in an era of globalisation"--

After postmodern critique has deconstructed, decentered, and displaced order and identity on all levels, we are faced with the Humpty Dumpty question of how to put the pieces back together again. This book brings together the seldom associated discourses of hermeneutics, actor-network theory, and new media in order to formulate a theory of a global network society. Hermeneutics re-opens the question of unity in a fragmented world. Actor-network theory reinterprets the construction of meaning as networking. New media studies show how networking is done. Networks arise, are maintained, and are transformed by communicative actions that are governed by network norms that make up a social operating system. The social operating system offers an alternative to the imperatives of algorithmic logic, functionality, and systemic closure that dominate present day solutions to problems of over-complexity in all areas. The world of meaning constructed by the social operating system is a mixed reality in which filters and layers replace the physical restraints of space and time as parameters of knowing and acting. Society and nature, humans and non-humans come together in a socio-sphere consisting of hybrid, heterogeneous actor-networks. This book proposes reinterpreting hermeneutics as networking and networking as guided by a social operating system whose norms are based on new media. There emerges a theory for a global network society described by different concepts than those typical of Western modernity.

In January 1969 as the President Richard Milhous Nixon pledged to make the United States a calmer place, foster peace in the world and strengthen America's position in the world, damaged by the conflict in Vietnam. While Nixon's first priority was ending the War, the economy and the international position of the dollar also required attention. However, the 1970s turned out to be a unique period in history, with the convergence of three crises, each carrying its own dangerous load, but in combination posing a unique political and economic threat to global stability. The Vietnam War turned out to be much costlier than originally envisaged, and as its trading partners posted lower rates of inflation, America was losing its competitive edge. It was frequently running deficits on its overall payments, while European countries were in surplus and accumulating dollars. This led to the gold-dollar crisis. In contrast to the years of dollar scarcity after the Second World War, Europeans no longer wanted to add to their dollar reserves. In addition Nixon also had to tackle the fourfold increase of oil prices in 1973. As evidence came to light on the Watergate scandal, Nixon was losing the confidence of the American public, and foreign investors and politicians. The book examines the problems that Nixon faced during his presidential term, focusing on economics but also the impact of political decisions where they influenced or determined monetary and fiscal policy.

Efforts at coordination between nations are at the heart of the challenges of globalization. Despite steadily growing interdependencies, individual nations still have specific interests that present obstacles to globalization. While some challenges inspired by the need to coordinate are viewed as inevitable by many, they are less optimistic about prospects for success. Jan-Erik Lane argues that one should focus objectively upon the possibility of failures. Lane analyzes four kinds of challenges to interdependency, all of which are growing in geopolitical relevance. First, countries need to diminish their dependency on fossil fuel and shift to a reliable supply of energy, because fossil fuels are diminishing. Second, environmental degradation must be addressed, because it is accelerating under the strain of earth's population. Lane advocates an ecological footprint approach. Third, a single global market economy and its complexities must be addressed, as national economies are increasingly opened. Finally, as traditional state sovereignty weakens, foreign military intervention in both international and intra-state conflicts increases. Governments are attempting to address these interdependencies, or reply to the challenges they pose, mainly through international organizations and regionalism. These efforts are discussed at length. In addition, problems with international law are reviewed, as Lane warns against the utopian hopes of global constitutionalism. Globalization also examines the potential consequences of failing to address the need for coordination in efforts to address shared global challenges. --Provided by publisher.

As related concepts, justice, conflict and wellbeing have a profound impact on individuals, groups, nations, and each other. Separately and in combination, they are the subjects of scientific attention, public concern, and formal policy. Justice, Conflict and Wellbeing closely examines the many intersections of the three, combining perspectives across branches of psychology, law, and political science for a book whose scope is at once personal, local, and global. Unifying these chapters is the latest research on the psychological and physical toll resulting from forms of conflict such as inequality, objectification, and war, and possibilities for corrective measures through the legal system, arbitration, and policy. As a unit, the book models the effectiveness of interdisciplinary research in arriving at novel answers to longstanding problems. Noted contributors offer nuanced analysis of a broad range of contemporary real-world issues, including: The fairness of distributing resources equally. Hostile work environments. Mental illness, dangerousness, and police power interventions in pursuit of justice. The complexity of accountability for mass atrocity. Everyday opportunities for children to manage conflict. The public and ethical costs of alternative dispute resolution. A volume poised to help shape future policy on multiple fronts, Justice, Conflict and Wellbeing is a path-breaking guidebook that researchers and instructors in social science and law, as well as policymakers, can learn from, expand upon, and put into practice.

"Few thinkers have had a greater impact on business than Peter Drucker, the inventor of modern management, whose legacy continues to influence leaders around the globe. His keen observations about organizations took the form of deceptively simple truths and astute predictions. Decentralization, outsourcing, the rise of the knowledge worker, a focus on the customer, the dangers of skyrocketing executive pay, even the probability of a global financial crisis--it was Drucker who first expressed these ideas, sometimes decades before they became accepted wisdom. Although Drucker is renowned as a thinker and idea generator, the "what" in his teachings was far more prevalent than the "how." Now, The Practical Drucker mines his vast body of work to pinpoint 40 applicable truths for solving real-world problems. Readers will find surprising insights and clear guidance on how to: engage employees and achieve outstanding performance; remedy destructive office politics and foster innovation; ensure follow-through on good ideas and handle a crisis; become a better decision maker; choose the best leadership style for different situations; do more with less and steer clear of leadership traps; [and] avoid five deadly marketing sins. In succinct, satisfying chapters, the book distills the practical wisdom from Drucker's dozens of books and articles, as well as his decades of teaching and consulting, into a set of fresh, vital lessons that will resonate today and for years to come."--Publisher's description.

"The Horn of Africa is a deeply troubled region engulfed in three interlocking crises. The first is a security crisis characterized by a range of devastating inter-state, intra-state and inter-communal conflicts. The second is an economic crisis, evidenced by widespread debilitating poverty, chronic food insecurity, and frequent cycles of famines. The effects of the third--environmental--crisis are all too visible in the droughts, deforestation and desertification ravaging the region. Furthermore, these three crises are mutually reinforcing, locking the region into a cycle of disaster. Conflicts contribute to poverty, which in turn intensifies environmental degradation, leading to scarcities which fuel further conflicts. In this clear and authoritative guide, Kidane Mengisteab explores the key drivers of instability in the Horn of Africa, suggesting structural and institutional changes that, if implemented, could help lift the region out of crisis. The Horn's complex crises must be tackled in a comprehensive manner. But, he contends, this can only be achieved if the causes of conflict are addressed head-on. Without peace, the region cannot resolve its economic problems, and nor can it develop the capabilities required to cope with environmental change. The Horn of Africa will be essential reading for students and scholars in conflict and security studies, as well as anyone with an interest in learning more about the dynamics of this troubled region."--Page 4 of cover.

"More than five decades have passed since Jane Jacobs wrote her classic The Death and Life of Great American Cities, and since a front page headline in the New York Times read, "Cars Choking Cities as 'Urban Sprawl' Takes Over." Yet sprawl persists, and not by mistake. It happens for a reason. As an activist and a scholar, Benjamin Ross is uniquely placed to diagnose why this is so. Dead End traces how the ideal of a safe, green, orderly retreat where hardworking members of the middle class could raise their children away from the city mutated into the McMansion and strip mall-ridden suburbs of today. Ross finds that sprawl is much more than bad architecture and sloppy planning. Its roots are historical, sociological, and economic. He uses these insights to lay out a practical strategy for change, honed by his experience leading the largest grass-roots mass transit advocacy organization in the United States. The problems of smart growth, sustainability, transportation, and affordable housing, he argues, are intertwined and must be solved as a whole. The two keys to creating better places to live are expansion of rail transit and a more genuinely democratic oversight of land use. Dead End is, ultimately, about the places where we live our lives. Both an engaging history of suburbia and an invaluable guide for today's urbanists, it will serve as a primer for anyone interested in how Americans actually live"--

The successful transition from armed conflict to peace is one of the greatest challenges of contemporary warfare. The laws and principles governing transitions from conflict to peace (jus post bellum) have only recently gained attention in legal scholarship. This volume investigates questions concerning the core of jus post bellum: the law ("jus"), the temporal aspect ("post"), and different types of armed conflict ("bellum"). It is the first volume to clarify the different legal meanings and components of the concept, including its implications in contemporary politics and practice. It explores the nature of jus post bellum as a concept, including its foundations, criticisms, and relationship to related concepts (e.g. Transitional Justice, Responsibility to Protect). It rethinks the nexus of the concept to jus ad bellum and jus in bello and its relevance in internal armed conflicts and peacebuilding. It examines problems in relation to the ending of conflict, including indicators for the end of conflict, exit strategies, and institutional responses. It also identifies contours of a "jus," drawing on disparate bodies and sources of international law such as peace agreements, treaty law, self-determination, norms governing peace operations, and the status of foreign armed forces, environmental law, human rights, and amnesty law. Taking into account perspectives from multiple disciplines, the book will be relevant to scholars, practitioners, and students across many fields, such as peace and conflict studies, international relations, philosophy, political science, and international law.