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An innovative spectroscopic technique to determine the drug concentration in biological fluids is discussed. We introduce the context of drugs with narrow therapeutic index in relation to epilepsy and Parkinson's disease. We then recapitulate the essentials of Raman and enhanced Raman spectroscopy that makes use of a corrugated metallic surface. Optimizing the intensification of the spectroscopic signatures of a given analyte critically depends on the metal choice and on the fine details of the induced surface nanostructuring. We review the topic with emphasis on noble metal surfaces synthesized by pulsed laser ablation in inert gas at high pressure. The performance of optimized surfaces to determine the drug concentration in different fluids, including human blood, is discussed with reference to carbamazepine, an anti-epileptic drug widely adopted in Developing Countries and to apomorphine, a drug used to treat via subcutaneous injection patients with important manifestations of Parkinson's disease.

The main objective of this article is to make the female voice heard in an area of the world where women are discriminated against and prejudiced, despite the progress made regarding their status in status in society. The aim is to demonstrate that the translation of the male discourse produced undergoes fundamental transformations that are the result of choices studied by the translator. She intervenes She intervenes and rewrites the text in her own way, even in the way that allows her to represent herself as a full human being in her own right, not relegated to the background. Through the analysis of samples taken from the work of the Algerian thinker Malek Bennabi "Les conditions de la renaissance" as well as the questioning of the first translation by the Egyptian thinker Abdel Sabbour Chahine, considered reductive and 'religiously oriented', we are in line with the feminist approach to translation feminist approach to translation, which advocates taking a stand on the dominant discourse. By invoking some of the methodological tools of Giles' IDRC Model and by referring to the notion of subjectivity developed in the framework of feminism of colour, we proceeded to the analysis of the source and target texts. We found that the doubly masculine discourse (the author and her (the author and his translator) was reproduced differently in the target language by taking into consideration elements that are absent from the source text. The invisibility of the woman in the process since she is considered an object, she passes to the status of visibility through the translational choices, the positions taken, and thus the decisions made.

Variante(s) de titre : Le Contrat social : politique et finance, arts et lettres ; Variante(s) de titre : Le Contrat social : politique et finance, journal bi-mensuel, arts et lettres ; Etat de collection : juil. 1924-oct. 1926 [I, n° 2-III, n° 8] ; mq 1924 (n° 5) et 1925 (n° 3)

Collection : Document de travail (Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques. En ligne) ; G2018/11 ; Collection : Document de travail (Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques. En ligne) ; G2018/11 ; Comprend : Autres auteurs : Monin, Rémi ; Suarez Castillo, Milena ; Appartient à l'ensemble documentaire : BnSP000

De ce qu'on appelle "théories de la société", toutes ont été, et sont, la forme intellectuelle de rapports sociaux déterminés. Selon l'auteur, l'entrée des minoritaires dans le domaine théorique produit un bouleversement des perspectives, une subversion. D'ailleurs, les premiers textes théoriques venant des minoritaires sont toujours disqualifiés et présentés comme des produits "politiques", des pamphlets, des propos terroristes. Cependant, ils finissent par l'intégration dans la théorie. Ainsi, l'absence des femmes dans les sciences humaines était l'un des effets des relations sociales de sexe. Pour les femmes, devenir un objet dans la théorie était la conséquence nécessaire de devenir un sujet dans l'histoire. L'auteur montre dans ce texte, comment les analyses des femmes ont déjà des conséquences théoriques visibles et importantes et d'autres, qui se révéleront ultérieurement.

This paper, utilizing case illustrations, argues that structural theory is a necessary but insufficient analytic device for social workers concerned with social justice. Because it is a moral theory (concerned with unearthing underlying causes for social problems and suggesting what kind of society should be constructed), it offers direction about the values social workers should adopt. It corrects modern liberal humanist thinking by broadening the discussion of ethical concerns beyond the dyadic relationship to wide-ranging political issues. It provides a measure of certainty in the paradoxical area of ethics in practice, countering the relativism of post-structuralism.

L'idéal dont s'inspire la Croix-Rouge est celui aussi d'autres ordres et institutions dans le monde, qui œuvrent sous divers signes et ont, pour dessein premier, le service du prochain. La morale hindoue regie d'une manière haute et noble les relations du croyant avec autrui, quel qu'il soit; quant au bouddhisme, on sait que sa morale est faite d'une compassion active et constante qui s'étend à toute la nature.