Suchergebnisse

Nous nous penchons sur l'annonce par Facebook en Juin 2019 du lancement de Libra, une monnaie digitale, gérée par un consortium d'acteurs privés, et adossée à un panier de monnaies fiduciaires. Dans une première partie, nous analysons la nature de ce projet en deux temps correspondant à deux moutures successives, respectivement Libra 1.0 et Libra 2.0 (Diem). Dans une seconde partie, nous proposons une évaluation critique de Libra 1.0 en mobilisant des questions centrales aussi diverses que l'avènement des monnaies privées, la comparaison avec les caisses d'émission, et la confidentialité des données personnelles. Même si toutes ces interrogations sont loin d'être effacées, nous analysons dans une troisième partie le potentiel renouvelé du projet retoqué via le mode de gouvernance monétaire sous-jacent ainsi que le lien complexe avec les monnaies numériques de banque centrale (MNBC).

The murder of George Floyd by police officers in the US in 2020 reignited the Black Lives Matter movement and reverberated across the world. In the UK, many young people demonstrated their determination to resist structural racism and some organisations subsequently acknowledged the need to take action to promote race equality and reflect upon their historical role in colonialism and slavery. At the same time, resistance to these challenges mounted, with right-wing news media and the UK government initiating culture wars to disparage attempts to combat structural racism and decolonise the curriculum. This article argues that the campaign to discredit anti-racism culminated in 2021 in the production of the first major report on race for over 20 years, a report chaired by Tony Sewell and commissioned by the government. Drawing on critical discourse analysis, the author deconstructs this report. Far from making a balanced evidence-based contribution to a national conversation about race, as its proponents claim, it is argued that the report draws upon many right-wing tropes and in the process comprises a further weapon in the culture wars.

The concept of political correctness, or more accurately, anti-political correctness has re-emerged in the last decade as a major interpretive framework in the media. Populist politicians such as Trump in the US and Farage (a key advocate of Brexit) and Johnson in the UK for example routinely draw upon a discourse featuring political correctness as a bete noire. While the attack on PC is typically made by conservatives, I focus in this paper on a left wing critic, Trevor Phillips who argues that the pervasiveness of PC has fueled a populist backlash. It is argued, contrary to Phillips, that it is not PC but an anti-PC discourse that lies behind the success of populist politicians in the UK and US and that the campaign against political correctness plays well with their supporters.

This article explores scientific terminology in popular science books. It goes beyond existing approaches to definitions in popularizations to suggest a dual, macro and micro, structure for the majority of definitions. This dual structure manifests as chains of definitions that include prototypical, procedural, and figurative definitions. Analyzing the structure and functions of the chains (macro structure) and their individual components (micro structure), this article does not confirm the phenomenon of substitution observed by Myers yet suggests that even without the replacement of terminology popular science maintains the focus on the specific rather than the general.

In this article, we investigate the issue of the dollar-based international monetary system. We start by listing the reasons why money has essentially become a numerical form in the contemporary world economy. After reviewing the salient characteristics of the flawed international monetary and financial architecture of the world economy, we assess whether a transnational unit of account could constitute a viable political alternative to the current international payments system. The latter scenario is envisaged both with regard to the field of international relations and with the help of a revisited definition of the transnational capitalist class.

This article outlines a novel application of meta-ethnographic synthesis in the analysis of multiple ethnographic case studies of youth activism emanating from a large transnational European research project. Although meta-ethnography is used increasingly as an alternative to systematic review for the synthesis of published qualitative studies, it is not widely applied to the synthesis of primary data. This article suggests such a use is not precluded epistemologically and potentially addresses a growing need as ethnography itself becomes increasingly 'multi-sited'. The article outlines the practical process of adapting meta-ethnography to primary data analysis drawing on the synthesis of 44 ethnographic cases of youth activism and provides a worked example of the translation of cases and resulting 'line of argument'. It discusses the challenges and limitations of the approach in particular the danger that, in extracting the general from the specific, the key quality of qualitative data – individual differentiation – is diminished.