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8 International mail surveys were undertaken from the methodological perspective of cross-culturally validating response-increasing techniques & from the practical angle of finding viable alternatives to increasingly prohibitive costs of conducting personal interviews overseas. The techniques investigated were registered mail, personalization, advance postcard, & reward. Studies were conducted in Argentina, Colombia, Mexico, Peru, Venezuela, Kenya, & Ivory Coast. The conclusions are that: (1) while the use of such techniques may effectively increase response rates in international mail surveys, using more than 1 of the techniques in a single survey would not likely produce more returns than using only 1, (2) registration of letters produced significantly greater returns more consistently than other techniques, (3) registration of letters has the additional advantage of allowing a better estimate of actual return rate as it provides information on undelivered letters, (4) registering a sample of questionnaires is advisable if cost is a concern, & (5) a 2nd wave in international mail surveys should be undertaken about 4 weeks following the 1st mailing & should increase the total return by an absolute level of 15-25%. 2 Tables. AA.

It is widely recognized that leaks can hamper international negotiations, but the ability of publicity to promote agreement among nations has received less attention. It is argued that the press contributes to international agreement. Data come from 48 semistructured interviews with diplomats & journalists, conducted in Wash, NY, & Western Europe, in 1973. R's were 23 European diplomats, 14 European journalists, & 11 US diplomats. News, from the media & directly from journalists, is closely related with the work of diplomats; they must intake enormous amounts of news continuously. Many negotiations are fairly open & the parties involved do not necessarily fail to reach agreement. The media fosters informal conversations among diplomats, & can alert nations to the desirability of communication with other nations. The mass media create a shared fund of knowledge among negotiating parties which facilitates negotiations. The press also helps to ensure intra-governmental coordination, informing agencies within a single government of each other's thinking & actions. It provides a 2-way flow of influence between governments & interested publics; & provides auxiliary communication channels for diplomacy via journalists or the mass media. Some negative effects of the coverage of negotiations in progress are also documented; it is recognized that such coverage can have both positive & negative effects, but these can be predicted in many cases. Modified HA.