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At the Imperial Conference of 1926, the participating British governments agreed that the Dominions and Great Britain " are autonomous communities within the British Empire, equal in status, in no way subordinate one to another in any aspect of their domestic or external affairs, though united by common allegiance to the Crown, and freely associated as members of the British Commonwealth of Nations"

Intro -- Table of content -- Authors -- About the Authors -- List of Abbreviations -- 1 Introduction - What is Private International Law? -- 2 The Sources of Private International Law -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 The Hierarchy of the Sources of Private International Law -- 2.2.1 International Treaties -- 2.2.2 EU Rules -- 2.2.3 Domestic Law -- 2.3 Examples -- 3 Methods of Regulation of Cross-border Relationships -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Conflict-of-Law Method -- 3.3 Conflict-of-Law Rules -- 3.3.1 Characteristics of Conflict-of-Law Rules -- 3.3.2 The Structure of Conflict-of-Law Rules -- 3.3.3 Connecting Factors -- 3.4 Uniform Substantive Rules -- 3.5 The Relationship Between Uniform Substantive Rulesand Conflict-of-Law Method -- 4 General Part of the Procedural Law -- 4.1 Jurisdiction -- 4.1.1 Universal and Regional Legal Sources of Jurisdiction -- 4.1.2 PILA and the General Jurisdiction -- 4.1.3 Few Words about the Former PILA and PILA -- 4.1.4 Exemptions from the General Jurisdiction - Section 7 -- 4.1.5 Conclusion on the Jurisdiction -- 4.2 Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Judgements -- 4.2.1 Introduction -- 4.2.2 Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Judgements on the International Level -- 4.2.3 Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Judgements on the EU Level -- 4.2.4 Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Judgement under PILA -- 4.2.5 Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards under PILA -- 4.2.6 Conclusion on the Recognition and Enforcement -- 5 General Part of Conflict-of-Law Rules -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Qualification -- 5.2.1 Definitions and Terminology -- 5.2.2 Methods Generally Used for Qualification -- 5.2.3 Czech Regulation -- 5.3 Renvoi -- 5.3.1 In General -- 5.3.2 Czech Legislation -- 5.3.3 European Private International Law and Renvoi -- 5.4 Preliminary Question -- 5.4.1 Definition.

It is the purpose of this paper to describe Canadian approaches toward international law, as they have evolved in recent years, particularly in relation to activities in outer space and "ocean space" made possible by new technological developments. It is intended to demonstrate both the similarities and the dissimilarities in these new approaches as compared with those followed by Canada in the past. Not within the scope of this study are questions about the validity of a particular point of view expressed by Canada, the extent to which new positions are well founded in the traditional concepts of international law, whether precedents for particular concepts are or are not correctly interpreted by Canada spokesmen and negotiators. What we are setting out to do is to observe and describe new Canadian attitudes toward international law and to evaluate their significance. History has not yet allowed us the privilege of a perspective in time. We plead this defense for the errors we may make in both interpretation and evaluation.

Front Cover -- Half Title -- Title -- Copyright -- The Authors -- Table of Contents -- List of Abbreviations -- General Introduction -- 1. HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT -- 2. INTERNATIONAL AND SUPRANATIONAL LEGAL FRAMEWORK -- 3. NATURE AND SCOPE -- 4. CHARACTERISTICS OF NATIONAL PIL -- 5. DOMESTIC AUTHORITIES INVOLVED, INTERPRETATION AND APPLICATION OF PIL -- Part I. General Principles (Choice-of-Law Technique) -- Chapter 1. Sources of PIL -- 1. PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW -- 2. SUPRANATIONAL LAW -- 3. NATIONAL LAW -- 4. CASE LAW -- 5. DOCTRINE -- 6. CUSTOMARY LAW -- Chapter 2. Determination of the Applicable Law -- 1. CONFLICT-OF-LAW RULES -- I. Types of Conflict-of-Law Rules -- II. Connecting Factors -- III. Time Factors -- IV. Dépec¸age -- 2. RELEVANT CONTACT AND EVASION OF THE LAW -- 3. CHOICE OF LAW -- 4. OBJECTIVE CONNECTING FACTOR -- I. Principle of the Closest Connection -- II. Nationality -- III. Residence -- A. Domicile (of Origin, of Choice, of Dependence) -- B. Habitual Residence -- C. Temporary Residence -- IV. Registered Office -- V. Lex Loci Delicti -- VI. Lex Rei (Cartae) Sitae -- 5. CHANGES IN THE CONNECTING FACTORS -- CHANGES IN THE LEX CAUSAE -- 6. COMBINATION OF CONNECTING FACTORS -- Chapter 3. Basic Terms -- 1. CHARACTERIZATION (CLASSIFICATION) -- 2. PRELIMINARY QUESTION -- 3. SUBSTANCE AND PROCEDURE -- 4. RENVOI -- 5. GENERAL CONFLICT RULE/SPECIAL CONFLICT RULE -- 6. ASSIMILATION -- 7. ORDRE PUBLIC (PUBLIC POLICY) -- 8. OVERRIDING MANDATORY RULES -- 9. EVASION OF THE LAW -- 10. REFERENCE TO THE LAW OF STATES WITH MULTIPLE LEGAL ORDERS -- Part II. Conflict-of-Law Rules -- Chapter 1. Persons -- 1. NATURAL PERSONS -- I. Legal Capacity -- II. Name -- III. Nationality/Habitual Residence/Domicile -- IV. Stateless Persons and Refugees -- V. Transsexuals -- 2. LEGAL PERSONS -- I. Incorporated Organizations.