Suchergebnisse

Since their introduction in the Republic of Serbia to this day, by the amendments to the legislative materials, the formal postulates concerning the parole release have been altered a number of times. This paper depicts the changes in legal provisions on parole release in Serbia and the solutions in foreign systems, as well as the examples of good practice which are considered to be adequate for incorporating into our legislation. The subjects of the research are court decisions on parole release and consideration of recidivism risk factors. The goal is determination of different kinds and volume of scientifically and empirically proven factors which competent courts take into consideration while they release on parole. The research was done on a sample of 121 files of convicts serving their sentences in Užice County Jail and Padinska Skela Correction Facility. The research results indicate that in the course of parole release the facts, which have been determined to represent recidivism risk factors, are only partly taken into account. ; Od uvođenja, u Republici Srbiji, do danas, izmenama zakonodavne materije, formalne pretpostavke, koje se tiču dodele uslovnog otpusta, više puta su menjane. U radu su prikazne promene zakonskih odredbi, o uslovnom otpustu u Srbiji i rešenja iz inostranih sistema, kao primeri dobre prakse, a za koje se smatra da bi bilo adekvatno inkorporirati u naše zakonodavstvo. Predmet istraživanja su odluke sudova o dodeli uslovnog otpusta i uvažavanje faktora rizika recidivizma. Cilj istraživanja je utvrđivanje vrste i obima naučno i empirijski dokazanih faktora, koje nadležni sudovi (ne)uzimaju u obzir prilikom dodele uslovnog otpusta. Istraživanje je vršeno na uzorku od 121 dosijea osuđenih, koji su se nalazili na izvršenju kazne u Okružnom zatvoru Užice i Kazneno-popravnom zavodu Padinska Skela. Rezultati istraživanja ukazuju da se prilikom dodele uslovnog otpusta delimično uvažavaju činjenice, za koje je istraživanjima dokazano da predstavljaju faktore rizika recidivizma.

Victim choice polymorphism refers to victim inconsistency in a series of offenses by the same perpetrator, such as in the domains of victim age, victim gender, and victim–offender relationship. Past studies have found that victim age polymorphic offenders have higher rates of sexual recidivism than offenders against adults only and offenders against children only. Few studies, however, have examined gender and relationship polymorphism, or accounted for the impact of the number of past victims. The present study analyzed the relationship between polymorphism and sexual recidivism, while controlling for the number of victims. The sample consisted of 751 male adult sexual offenders followed for an average of 10 years, 311 of whom were polymorphic (41% of the total sample). The main finding suggested that there was an association between sexual recidivism and age and relationship polymorphism; however, these associations were no longer significant after controlling for the number of victims.

To what extent do peers affect criminal behavior? In this article, I study peer effects among ex-combatants in Colombia. Following a theoretical framework that differentiates the impact of economic conditions from that of social networks, I rely on individual-level data on over 16,000 former paramilitaries in Colombia to study the relationship between illegal gold production and recidivism. I show that when the economic benefits of illegal sectors increase, ex-combatants favor criminal activities. More importantly, I show that an increase in wartime peers' criminality increases an ex-combatant's criminal activity. I complement these results with the analysis of an original survey about the social connections of ex-combatants and explore the potential effect of tackling wartime networks as a policy to reduce crime after conflicts.