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John Stuart Mill's essay On Liberty, published in 1859, has had a powerful impact on philosophical and political debates ever since its first appearance. This volume of essays covers the whole range of problems raised in and by the essay, including the concept of liberty, the toleration of diversity, freedom of expression, the value of allowing 'experiments in living', the basis of individual liberty, multiculturalism and the claims of minority cultural groups. Mill's views have been fiercely contested, and they are at the centre of many contemporary debates. The essays are by leading scholars, who systematically and eloquently explore Mill's views from various perspectives. The volume will appeal to a wide range of readers including those interested in political philosophy and the history of ideas

1. The early utilitarians : Bentham and James Mill / G.L. Williams -- 2. Whewell's philosophy of science and ethics / Struan Jacobs -- 3. J.S. Mill : ethics and politics / R.F. Khan -- 4. J.S. Mill : logic and metaphysics / John Skorupski -- 5. Sidgwick / C.A.J. Coady -- 6. Comte and positivism / Robert Brown -- 7. Nietzsche / Robin Small -- 8. Dilthey / Michael Lessnoff -- 9. Logic and the philosophy of mathematics in the nineteenth century / John Stillwell -- 10. Philosophy of biology in the nineteenth century / Jagdish Hattiangadi -- 11. The separation of psychology from philosophy : studies in the sciences of mind 1815-1879 / Edward S. Reed -- 12. American pragmatism : Peirce / Cheryl Misak -- 13. American pragmatism : James / J.E. Tiles -- 14. Green, Bosanquet and the philosophy of coherence / Gerald F. Gaus -- 15. Bradley / T.L.S. Sprigge.

I: A Unified Utilitarian Theory -- 1 Introduction -- 2 A Particular Interpretation of Utilitarianism -- 3 Basic Principles -- 4 A Theory of Value -- 5 Decision-Making and Moral Action -- 6 Moral Judgment and Justification -- 7 Comparisons with Other Theories -- 8 Summary, Refutation of Objections, and a General View -- II: A Utilitarian Theory of Distributive Justice -- 9 The General Distribution Problem and Distributive Justice -- 10 Maximization of Utility and the Objective Function -- 11 The Constraint -- 12 Interpretation of Measures of Deviation From Ideal -- 13 A Proposal of Contribution as a Pattern For Distribution -- 14 Comments on Free-Market, Libertarianism, Nozick and Rawls -- 15 Randomness and Distribution -- 16 Income Tax, Social Welfare, Salary Systems and Private Property -- 17 General Social Welfare Functions and an Overall Picture.