Our political malaise is due to the same cause as our social malaise: that is, to the lack of secondary cadres to interpose between the individual and the State. We have seen that these secondary groups are essential if the State is not to oppress the individual: they are also necessary if the State is to be sufficiently free of the individual.–Émile Durkheim, Professional Ethics and Civic MoralsHuman progress never rolls in on the wheels of inevitability–Martin Luther King, Jr., A Knock at Midnight
The following essays are based on presentations given by the authors during a short course on elite interviewing, held at the 2001 APSA meeting in San Francisco. The short course, sponsored by the Political Organizations & Parties organized section of the APSA, drew nearly 100 participants. Adapted from the source document.
A formal model in the social sciences builds explanations when it structures the reasoning underlying a theoretical argument, opens venues for controlled experimentation, and can lead to hypotheses. Yet more importantly, models evaluate theory, build theory, and enhance conjectures. Formal Modeling in Social Science addresses the varied helpful roles of formal models and goes further to take up more fundamental considerations of epistemology and methodology. The authors integrate the exposition of the epistemology and the methodology of modeling and argue that these two reinforce each other. They illustrate the process of designing an original model suited to the puzzle at hand, using multiple methods in diverse substantive areas of inquiry. The authors also emphasize the crucial, though underappreciated, role of a narrative in the progression from theory to model. Transparency of assumptions and steps in a model means that any analyst will reach equivalent predictions whenever she replicates the argument. Hence, models enable theoretical replication, essential in the accumulation of knowledge. Formal Modeling in Social Science speaks to scholars in different career stages and disciplines and with varying expertise in modeling
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In: Portuguese studies: a biannual multi-disciplinary journal devoted to research on the cultures, societies, and history of the Lusophone world, Band 36, Heft 2, S. 132-146
Reseña de Cornellà-Detrell, Jordi Literature as a Response to Cultural and Political Repression in Franco's Catalonia. Woodbridge: Tamesis, 2011. 225 pp. (ISBN: 978-1-85566-201-8)
Introduction: Medical cannabinoids have received significant mainstream media attention in recent times due to an evolving political and clinical landscape. Whilst the efficacy of cannabinoids in the treatment of some childhood epilepsy syndromes is increasingly recognized, medical cannabinoids may also have potential clinical roles in the treatment of older adults. Prescribing restrictions for medical cannabinoids in certain jurisdictions (including the UK) has recently been relaxed. However, few geriatricians have the detailed knowledge or awareness of the potential risks or rewards of utilizing cannabinoids in the older person; even fewer geriatricians have direct experience of using these drugs in their own clinical practice. Older persons are more likely to suffer from medical illness representing potential indications for medical cannabinoids (e.g., pain); equally they may be more vulnerable to any adverse effects. Aim: This narrative literature review aims to provide a brief introduction for the geriatrician to the potential indications, evidence-base, contra-indications and side effects of medical cannabinoids in older people. Methods: A search was conducted of CENTRAL, Medline, Embase, CINAHL and psycINFO, Cochrane and Web of Science databases. Reference lists were hand searched. Abstracts and titles were screened, followed by a full text reading of relevant articles. Results: 35 studies were identified as relevant for this narrative review. Conclusions: Cannabinoids demonstrate some efficacy in the treatment of pain and chemotherapy-related nausea; limited data suggest potential benefits in the treatment of spasticity and anxiety. Risks of cannabinoids in older patients appear to be moderate, and their frequency comparable to other analgesic drug classes. However, the quality of research is weak, and few older patients have been enrolled in cannabinoid studies. Dedicated research is needed to determine the efficiency and safety of cannabinoids in older patients.
Hidden in Plain View is a study of the history of sexuality as it emerges from the institution of slavery in the United States and its transnational circuits. In order to situate the place of slavery in queer studies, I trace diverse sexual encounters within antebellum society, such as master-slave sexual acts, same-sex desire, alternative kinships, and cross-dressing, as they are encoded within a wide variety of sources, including sensational fiction, visual satires, and periodicals. My study requires a composite archive to enrich our account of the sexual landscape of the early nineteenth century, before the advent of the culturally defining and legally limiting terms of miscegenation, heterosexual, and homosexual. The sources that I gather in Hidden in Plain View depict how interracial desire is reworked in the literary and cultural imagination as a homoerotic space of same-sex affiliation. The arc of the project works through complex scenes of interracial and same-sex sexual affiliations within and tangential to the institution of slavery. These literary, archival, and historical accounts of sexual display do not reveal a triumphant insight into the queer past, and as such, they remain "hidden in plain view" within the sexual record of the institution of slavery. From Victor Séjour's transatlantic short story of the fraught love of a slave for his master in pre- revolutionary Haiti (1837), to the German immigrant Ludwig von Reizenstein's sensational fiction of revolutionary lesbian desire and interracial romance in New Orleans (1855), I connect the sphere of the erotic with the shifting political and social boundaries of race and sexuality. The archival research I provide on E.W. Clay, for example, reveals his visual satires (1830s) as mocking abolitionist politics not just through deriding heterosexual interracial desire, but through depicting same-sex desire as part and parcel of interraciality. These joint histories insist that the sexualized racism of slavery is an indelible part of how queerness is constituted today, despite its excision from current queer neoliberal politics. Hidden in Plain View thus shores up a narrative of the interracial, same-sex intimacies of people often deemed undesirable
