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Indonesia, despite steady economic growth in recent years, faces formidable challenges going forward. Economic growth has not returned to the level that prevailed before the 1997 Asian financial crisis. Progress toward reducing poverty and inequalities too has been slow during the recent years. Moreover, economic growth in the last decade has not been accompanied by significant employment generation. The country diagnostic studyIndonesia: Critical Development Constraintspresents a diagnosis of the critical development constraints the country faces. The report proposes policy options to help overcome constraints and to set the country on a path of high and sustained inclusive economic growth in the medium term.

Indonesia, despite steady economic growth in recent years, faces formidable challenges going forward. Economic growth has not returned to the level that prevailed before the 1997 Asian financial crisis. Progress toward reducing poverty and inequalities too has been slow during the recent years. Moreover, economic growth in the last decade has not been accompanied by significant employment generation. The country diagnostic studyIndonesia: Critical Development Constraintspresents a diagnosis of the critical development constraints the country faces. The report proposes policy options to help overcome constraints and to set the country on a path of high and sustained inclusive economic growth in the medium term.

The Annual Progress Report (the Report) on the Australia-ADB South Asia Development Partnership Facility (the Facility) covers the period from 1 January to 31 December 2008. TA REG 6337: Development Partnership Program for South Asia (DPPSA) implements the objectives of the Facility and is the only program through which subprojects are funded. The Report summarizes the overall implementation progress and achievements.

The Asian Development Bank (ADB) is committed to meeting the targets of the Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness by their target date of 2010. More than 100 partner and donor countries and international agencies endorsed the Paris Declaration, a framework of discrete commitments and indicators of progress on aid effectiveness that includes targets for ownership, alignment, harmonization, managing for results, and mutual accountability. Partner countries and donors are committed to monitoring the implementation of the Paris Declaration principles and actions. ADB has worked closely with other donors and with countries to support these international efforts.

The Annual Progress Report (the Report) on the Australia-ADB South Asia Development Partnership Facility (the Facility) covers the period from 1 January to 31 December 2008. TA REG 6337: Development Partnership Program for South Asia (DPPSA) implements the objectives of the Facility and is the only program through which subprojects are funded. The Report summarizes the overall implementation progress and achievements.

The Asian Development Bank (ADB) is committed to meeting the targets of the Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness by their target date of 2010. More than 100 partner and donor countries and international agencies endorsed the Paris Declaration, a framework of discrete commitments and indicators of progress on aid effectiveness that includes targets for ownership, alignment, harmonization, managing for results, and mutual accountability. Partner countries and donors are committed to monitoring the implementation of the Paris Declaration principles and actions. ADB has worked closely with other donors and with countries to support these international efforts.

In recent years, initiatives by the international community to address the links between poverty and environmental degradation have been increasing. These initiatives range from policy reform and top-down approaches to local, bottom-up actions by communities. This publication focuses on local actions, and provides a background to the present situation of increasing environmental poverty and degraded environments. It shows how local actions, with support from governments and development partners, can turn this situation around to reduce poverty and bring about environmental benefits. These benefits are illustrated through case studies of successful local actions in Asia and the Pacific that can be scaled-up to produce substantial national or regional benefits. Most of the studies are from the Asian Development Bank's Poverty and Environment Program, which promotes targeted environmental interventions that reduce poverty and improve the environment through pilot interventions, analytical studies, and information dissemination.

In recent years, initiatives by the international community to address the links between poverty and environmental degradation have been increasing. These initiatives range from policy reform and top-down approaches to local, bottom-up actions by communities. This publication focuses on local actions, and provides a background to the present situation of increasing environmental poverty and degraded environments. It shows how local actions, with support from governments and development partners, can turn this situation around to reduce poverty and bring about environmental benefits. These benefits are illustrated through case studies of successful local actions in Asia and the Pacific that can be scaled-up to produce substantial national or regional benefits. Most of the studies are from the Asian Development Bank's Poverty and Environment Program, which promotes targeted environmental interventions that reduce poverty and improve the environment through pilot interventions, analytical studies, and information dissemination.

Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2008 or Key Indicators 2008 is the 39th edition of this series, a statistical data book presenting economic, financial, social, and environmental indicators for regional members of the Asian Development Bank (ADB). In this edition, the content and presentation of statistical information have been significantly revised in a manner that will help users understand the trends behind the numbers through analytical commentaries. This comes at an opportune moment, especially as this year, we pass the midterm of the timetable for achieving the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), which target 2015 for the attainment of the goals on eradicating extreme poverty and hunger, reducing child mortality, and ensuring environmental sustainability, among others.

The Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI) is a relatively new nation, with half of its population under the age of 18 years. Responding to the Youth Crisis tells the story of how the RMI government, with assistance from ADB, set out to strengthen domestic capacity to improve services for youth in the Marshalls. The case highlights the importance of participatory processes and describes how an innovative approach to outsourcing youth welfare services to civil service providers was introduced. It also underscores some of the challenges of sustaining reforms with weak institutions and leadership. This sub-series is published by the Asian Development Bank to provide the governments of its Pacific developing member countries (PDMCs) with analyses and insights on key issues and lessons learned with respect to capacity development. Cases studied highlight a range of experiences throughout the region by sector, theme and source of external support, revealing approaches to capacity development that work best and the conditions that have been conducive to their success. They also explore the unique challenges faced by PDMCs in addressing capacity constraints as well as some of the opportunities facing governments and the people in the Pacific islands. Among other things, the case studies underline the importance of PDMC leadership, engagement of local partners, strategic attention to long-term capacity issues and effective use of external resources. It is our hope that the findings in these reports will help to guide future capacity building efforts in the Pacific.

The Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI) is a relatively new nation, with half of its population under the age of 18 years. Responding to the Youth Crisis tells the story of how the RMI government, with assistance from ADB, set out to strengthen domestic capacity to improve services for youth in the Marshalls. The case highlights the importance of participatory processes and describes how an innovative approach to outsourcing youth welfare services to civil service providers was introduced. It also underscores some of the challenges of sustaining reforms with weak institutions and leadership. This sub-series is published by the Asian Development Bank to provide the governments of its Pacific developing member countries (PDMCs) with analyses and insights on key issues and lessons learned with respect to capacity development. Cases studied highlight a range of experiences throughout the region by sector, theme and source of external support, revealing approaches to capacity development that work best and the conditions that have been conducive to their success. They also explore the unique challenges faced by PDMCs in addressing capacity constraints as well as some of the opportunities facing governments and the people in the Pacific islands. Among other things, the case studies underline the importance of PDMC leadership, engagement of local partners, strategic attention to long-term capacity issues and effective use of external resources. It is our hope that the findings in these reports will help to guide future capacity building efforts in the Pacific.

Pursuant to paragraph 3 subpara. 2(12) of the Arrangement Letter dated 24 May 2000 establishing the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR), and the 2005 Directional Guidance Paper, paragraph 12, we are pleased to submit herewith a progress report on the implementation of JFPR for the period 01 January to 30 June 2007.

Pursuant to paragraph 3 subpara. 2(12) of the Arrangement Letter dated 24 May 2000 establishing the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction (JFPR), and the 2005 Directional Guidance Paper, paragraph 12, we are pleased to submit herewith a progress report on the implementation of JFPR for the period 01 January to 30 June 2007.

This report is an important step in the efforts of the Asian Development Bank (ADB) to support its developing member countries (DMCs) more effectively in achieving prosperity and freedom from poverty. Greater scrutiny of the results of ADB's development efforts began in 2004 with a review of the Poverty Reduction Strategy (PRS) and the adoption of a reform agenda anchored in managing for development results (MfDR). A periodic assessment of ADB's progress in improving its development effectiveness and its implementation of the PRS is a crucial part of these efforts. It involves examining systematically the results of ADB's own contributions to the development outcomes of its DMCs, the quality and effectiveness of its operations, and the efficiency with which it deploys its resources to meet its objectives.

This report is an important step in the efforts of the Asian Development Bank (ADB) to support its developing member countries (DMCs) more effectively in achieving prosperity and freedom from poverty. Greater scrutiny of the results of ADB's development efforts began in 2004 with a review of the Poverty Reduction Strategy (PRS) and the adoption of a reform agenda anchored in managing for development results (MfDR). A periodic assessment of ADB's progress in improving its development effectiveness and its implementation of the PRS is a crucial part of these efforts. It involves examining systematically the results of ADB's own contributions to the development outcomes of its DMCs, the quality and effectiveness of its operations, and the efficiency with which it deploys its resources to meet its objectives.