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Having originated from material science and ecology, the concept of resilience has recently become a fashionable topic in security studies as well. In the realm of security studies, resilience could be defined as the capability of the system or its components to withstand and keep unchanged its essential parameters in the context of permanent and longstanding internal and external risks factors or threats. National resilience is essential in ensuring the prosperous development and welfare of any nation in case of the so-called "wicked problems." The importance of resilience was stressed during NATO's Summit in 2016 and further promulgated by numerous academic discussions in face of Russia's hybrid threats to the Alliance. However, the arguments were mainly focused on the broad narrative of the politico-strategic debates and on how to build resilience rather than presenting a way on how to assess and compare resilience levels in different countries. The main aim of this paper is to develop a hypothetical model of national resilience against external threats with hybrid nature (unconventional aggression) for empirical purposes in further researches. In this article, national resilience is regarded as an adaptive capacity of the government and society to retain functionality to changing external security environment. The adaptive capacity of government and society could be operationalized by different capitals, such as political leadership, economic, military, social, human, psychological etc. The specific resilience doctrines, such as functional, societal and forward were used to form the national resilience model. The articles also argues that functional resilience is less commonly used in academic debates than societal resilience. In the first part of the article, an interdisciplinary literature analysis and critical security approach was employed to reveal the complexity of the resilience concept and its possible use on system level. The second part analyzed Russia's power projection as the main source of hybrid threats in the context of national resilience. Finally, the dilemma of good and adaptive governance in the framework of functional resilience was discussed. ; Valstybės atsparumo didinimas yra svarbi priemonė, paremianti Rusi­jos atgrasymo strategiją, kuri buvo patvirtinta 2016 m. NATO viršūnių su­sitikime Varšuvoje. Nors strateginiame diskurse yra pripažįstama valstybės atsparumo didinimo svarba, mokslinėje literatūroje pasigendama sistemi­nių atsparumo išorinėms hibridinio pobūdžio grėsmėms vertinimo tyrimų. Šiame straipsnyje nacionalinis atsparumas yra suprantamas kaip valstybės gebėjimas išlaikyti funkcinius pajėgumus esant tiksliniam plataus spektro išoriniam spaudimui. Pasitelkiant atsparumo koncepciją (angl. resiliencism), saugumo perspektyvoje siekiama sudaryti hipotetinį tyrimo modelį Rusijos galios poveikį patiriančių NATO valstybių atsparumo empiriniam įvertinimui ir pabrėžti valdymo (funkcinio) atsparumo reikšmę sisteminiu analizės lygiu. Straipsnyje teigiama, kad valstybės atsparumas priklauso nuo jos adaptacinių pajėgumų, t. y. nuo valdžios ir visuomenės potencialo atsispirti ilgalaikiam išorinių grėsmių poveikiui ir prie jo prisitaikyti. Plačiau aptariami funkcinio atsparumo teoriniai ir praktiniai ypatumai paliekant visuomenės atsparumo analizę tolesnei akademinei diskusijai.

This paper presents a study of the production of WW or WZ boson pairs, with one W boson decaying to ev or mu v and one W or Z boson decaying hadronically. The analysis uses 20.2 fb(-1) of root s = 8 TeV pp collision data, collected by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Crosssections for WW/WZ production are measured in high-p(T) fiducial regions defined close to the experimental event selection. The cross-section is measured for the case where the hadronically decaying boson is reconstructed as two resolved jets, and the case where it is reconstructed as a single jet. The transverse momentum distribution of the hadronically decaying boson is used to search for new physics. Observations are consistent with the Standard Model predictions, and 95% confidence intervals are calculated for parameters describing anomalous triple gauge-boson couplings. ; ATLAS Collaboration, for complete list of authors see https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-017-5084-2 Funding: We thank CERN for the very successful operation of the LHC, as well as the support staff from our institutions without whom ATLAS could not be operated efficiently. We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWFW and FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF and DNSRC, Denmark; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; SRNSF, Georgia; BMBF, HGF, and MPG, Germany; GSRT, Greece; RGC, Hong Kong SAR, China; ISF, I-CORE and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW and NCN, Poland; FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MES of Russia and NRC KI, Russian Federation; JINR; MESTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MIZŠ, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MINECO, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SERI, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; MOST, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America. In addition, individual groups and members have received support from BCKDF, the Canada Council, CANARIE, CRC, Compute Canada, FQRNT, and the Ontario Innovation Trust, Canada; EPLANET, ERC, ERDF, FP7, Horizon 2020 and Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions, European Union; Investissements d'Avenir Labex and Idex, ANR, Région Auvergne and Fondation Partager le Savoir, France; DFG and AvH Foundation, Germany; Herakleitos, Thales and Aristeia programmes co-financed by EU-ESF and the Greek NSRF; BSF, GIF and Minerva, Israel; BRF, Norway; CERCA Programme Generalitat de Catalunya, Generalitat Valenciana, Spain; the Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom.

Colonial nesting and roosting birds can degrade their habitat by soil salinization, eutrophication, and acidification associated with excessive deposition of avian excreta. We studied the impact of a protected wading bird colony on soil microbial communities from cork oak woodlands in Doñana National Park (SW Spain). Over one year we analyzed soil properties (pH, salinity, soluble N and P forms, extractable organic carbon - EOC -), microbial activity (basal respiration, community-level physiological profile, extracellular enzyme activities) and community structure (fungal, bacterial and archaeal terminal restriction fragments -TRFs-) along a gradient of bird nesting intensity. Bird nesting largely impacted soil chemical environment, with increases from 25 to 500 μS cm−1 in soil salinity, from 6 to 725 mg kg−1 in soil P, from 5 to 22 mg kg−1 in N-NH4, and from 5.4 to 245 mg kg−1 in N-NO3 between the extremes of the nesting intensity gradient in the wet season. Most of these chemical changes were enhanced in the dry season. We observed positive linear or log-linear relationships between the bird nesting footprint on soils (indicated by an integrated soil chemistry index) and microbial biomass, basal respiration and most of the studied enzyme activities. This was likely due to the concurrent increases in EOC along the avian intensity gradient, which counteracted the negative impacts of salinity. Soil P and EOC were the main drivers for fungal, bacterial and archaeal TRFs diversity. Bacterial TRFs richness and diversity index decreased along the avian intensity gradient in the dry season, while archaeal TRFs diversity increased in those soils highly salinized by excess of avian excreta deposition. Our study clearly shows that this oversized bird colony has profound effects on soil chemistry and biological activity, and highlights the need for a re-evaluation of management strategies in this protected area, towards a greater consideration of soil processes in conservation priorities. ; We are grateful to the Consejería de Medio Ambiente (Andalusian Government) and to the Organismo Autónomo Parques Nacionales for financial support, through the DECALDO (091/2009) and the BIOGEOBIRD (P09-RMN-4987) projects, and to the Doñana National Park and Doñana Biological Reserve managers for the use of their facilities and the support to carry out the field work. Rubén Rodríguez and Héctor Garrido from the Doñana Monitoring Team provide us with data of cork oak occupation by the colony. We also thank Adela Moreno fir her work with T-RFLP analysis. MTD was supported by a Juan de la Cierva Postdoctoral fellowship and JMA by a FPU-MEC grant from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness. ; Peer reviewed

Este trabajo de investigación realizado en el municipio de Chaparral Tolima, radica en la imperiosa necesidad de identificar las problemáticas rurales que no permiten al habitante lograr condiciones laborales y económicas favorables para su desarrollo integral. El análisis de las características de empleo de un territorio a partir de la evaluación de un instrumento de política pública, generan insumos conceptuales para interpretar el desarrollo económico del municipio. Los resultados contribuyen a la comprensión y reflexión sobre las problemáticas que enfrentan la población rural, se encontraron algunas de las características del empleo para la juventud rural en el municipio de Chaparral Tolima, se examinaron diversos componentes de la política pública (programa jóvenes rurales emprendedores manejado por el SENA), con el fin de evaluar la eficacia y su incidencia a partir de una interpretación rigurosa de las condiciones socio - económicas del municipio. Teniendo en cuenta lo anterior, se analizó las características del empleo que se genera en el municipio de Chaparral, puntualizando en los siguientes interrogantes: ¿Cuál es la oferta de empleo para los jóvenes rurales que tiene el municipio de Chaparral?, ¿Cuáles son las características sociales de los jóvenes rurales del municipio de Chaparral?, ¿Cuál es el aporte del programa jóvenes rurales emprendedores a los jóvenes del municipio de Chaparral Tolima? Las respuestas a estas preguntas permitieron conocer a profundidad los jóvenes y población rural, las características del municipio y el potencial económico de la zona para poder multiplicar posibilidades de empleo para estas zonas características de nuestro país. ; This research was developed in Chaparral, Tolima and it is focused on the necesity of identifying the rural issues which don t allow the inhabitants to accomplish labor and economic conditions, required to get an integral development. Analyzing the employment characteristics, from a public policy tool, gives conceptual incomes to evaluate the economic development of the town. The results clarify the understanding about issues that rural inhabitants face on their territories. The research also shows some of the rural youth employment characteristics and evaluates some components of the public policy (SENA Program: Jóvenes Rurales Emprendedores), to make a strict interpretation of the impact of this program within Chaparral's socio-economic conditions. According to that, the research analyzed the characteristics of the created Jobs in Chaparral, pointing out the following questions: Which is the available employment offer to the rural youth of Chaparral? What are the social characteristics of rural youth of Chaparral? Which is the impact of SENA Program: Jóvenes Rurales Emprendedores, to the rural youth of Chaparral? These answers allowed to know better the rural inhabitants, the town s characteristics and it s economical potential to multiply the employment offer within this zone of the country.

The actuality of researching, is predelerminul ley, nesesaty of impraving Physical Education system in the military lyceums. The aim of usearching is to cletermine the level of the lyceum bording school № 23 "Cadet Corps" in Kyiv with intensifred physical and military preperation ley T. U. Krutsevych (2005). The average indicator of the Rufue index – 8,23 ± 3,26 s.u., persistence index – 2,22 ± 0,22 s.u, index of speed – 3,81 ± 0,27 s.u, power index – 72,90 ± 19,42 s.u., speed-power index 1,2 ± 0,12 s.u. The general mark of express evalerating of level of physical preparation of pupils of the lyceums boarding school with in intensive physical and military preperation is 13 which corre spondsthan everage to the higher level. The strongest indicator of physical preparation according to research by us is the power index – 4 points, the second step is speedpower index – 3 points, the index of persistence, speed and Rufue are with in the average. ; Актуальность исследования обусловлена потребностью в улучшеннии системы физическойподготовки в военных лицеях. Цельисследования – определить уровень физической подготовленности учащихся лицея-интерната № 23 «Кадетский корпус» города Киева с усиленной военно-физической подготовкой по Т. Ю. Круцевич (2005).Результаты работы. Средний показатель индекса Руфье составляет 8,23 ±3,26 у. е., индекса выносливости – 2,22 ± 0,22 у. е., индекса скорости – 3,81 ± 0,27 у. е., силового индекса – 72,90 ± 19,42 у. е., скоростно-силового индекса – 1,2 ± 0,12 у. е. Общий балл экспресс-оценки уровня физической подготовленности учеников Лицея с усиленной военно-физической подготовкой составляет 13 баллов, что соответствует выше среднему уровню. Уровень ФП кадетов находится на достаточно серьезном и положительном уровне, если сравнить сосреднестатистическими показатели ФП юношей 15 лет, где ситуация складывается не лучшим образом. Сильнейшим показателем в физической подготовленности, согласно проведенного нами исследования, есть силовой индекс – 4 балла, на втором месте – скоростно-силовой индекс –3 балла, индекс выносливости, скорости и Руфье пребывали в пределах среднего уровня. ; Актуальність дослідження зумовлена потребою в покращені системи фізичної підготовки у військових ліцеях. Мета дослідження – визначити рівень фізичної підготовленості учнів Ліцею-інтернату № 23 «Кадетський корпус» міста Києва з посиленою військово-фізичною підготовкою за Т. Ю. Круцевич (2005). Результати роботи. Середній показник індексу Руф'є складає 8,23±3,26 ум. од., індексу витривалості – 2,22±0,22 ум. од., індексу швидкості – 3,81±0,27 ум. од., силового індексу – 72,90± 19,42 ум. од., швидкісно-силового індексу – 1,2±0,12 ум. од. Загальний бал експрес оцінки рівня фізичної підготовленості учнів Ліцею з посиленою військово-фізичною підготовкою складає 13 балів, що відповідає вищому за середній рівню. Найсильнішим показником у фізичній підготовленості, згідно з проведеним нами дослідженням, складає силовий індекс 4 бали, на другій сходинці – швидкісно-силовий індекс – 3 бали, індекс витривалості, швидкості та Руф'є перебувають у межах середнього рівня.

Background. The increased demand for fish protein has led to the intensification of aquaculture practices which are hampered by nutritional and health factors affecting growth performance. To solve these problems, antibiotics have been used for many years in the prevention, control and treatment against disease as well as growth promoters to improve animal performance. Nowadays, the use of antibiotics in the European Union and other countries has been completely or partially banned as a result of the existence of antibiotic cross-resistance. Therefore, a number of alternatives, including enzymes, prebiotics, probiotics, phytonutrients and organic acids used alone or in combination have been proposed for the improvement of immunological state, growth performance and production in livestock animals. The aim of the present study was to evaluate two commercially available feed additives, one based on medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) from coconut oil and another with a Bacillus-based probiotic, in gilthead sea bream (GSB, Sparus aurata), a marine farmed fish of high value in the Mediterranean aquaculture. Methods. The potential benefits of adding two commercial feed additives on fish growth performance and intestinal health were assessed in a 100-days feeding trial. The experimental diets (D2 and D3) were prepared by supplementing a basal diet (D1) with MCFAs in the form of a sodium salt of coconut fatty acid distillate (DICOSAN R ; Norel, Madrid, Spain), rich on C-12, added at 0.3% (D2) or with the probiotic Bacillus amyloliquefaciens CECT 5940, added at 0.1% (D3). The study integrated data on growth performance, blood biochemistry, histology and intestinal gene expression patterns of selected markers of intestinal function and architecture. Results. MCFAs in the form of a coconut oil increased feed intake, growth rates and the surface of nutrient absorption, promoting the anabolic action of the somatotropic axis. The probiotic (D3) induced anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects with changes in circulating cortisol, immunoglobulin M, leukocyte respiratory burst, and mucosal expression levels of cytokines, lymphocyte markers and immunoglobulin T. Discussion. MCFA supplementation showed positive effects on GSB growth and intestinal architecture acting mainly in the anterior intestine, where absorption takes place. The probiotic B. amyloliquefaciens CECT 5940 exhibited key effects in the regulation of the immune status inducing anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects which can be potentially advantageous upon infection or exposure to other stressors. The potential effects of these feed additives in GSB are very promising to improve health and disease resistance in aquaculture. ; Spanish MINECO: AGL2013-48560-R. . ; Generalitat Valenciana: PROMETEO-FASE II/2014/085. ; MINECO: FPDI-2013-15741. ; CSIC PIE: 201740E013 ; Peer reviewed

A stumbling block to the adoption of silvoarable agroforestry systems is the lack of quantitative knowledge on the performance of different crops when competing for resources with trees. In North-Western Europe, light is likely to be the principal limiting resource for understorey crops, and most agronomic studies show a systematic reduction of final yield as shade increases. However the intensity of the crop response depends on both the environmental conditions and the shade characteristics. This study addressed the issue by monitoring winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) growth, productivity and quality under artificial shade provided by military camouflage shade-netting, and using the Hi-sAFe model to relate the artificial shade conditions to those applying in agroforestry systems. The field experiment was carried out over two consecutive years (2013–14 and 2014–15) on the experimental farm of Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Belgium. The shade structures recreated two shade conditions: periodic shade (PS) and continuous shade (CS), with the former using overlapping military camouflage netting to provide discontinuous light through the day, and the latter using conventional shade cloth. The experiment simulated shading from a canopy of late-flushing hybrid walnut leaves above winter wheat. Shading was imposed 16 (2013–14) and 10 (2014–15) days before flowering and retained until harvest. The crop experienced full light conditions until the maximum leaf area index stage (LAImax) had been reached. In both years, LAI followed the same dynamics between the different treatments, but in 2013–2014 an attack of the take-all disease (Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici) reduced yields overall and prevented significant treatment effects. In season 2014–15 the decrease in global radiation reaching the crop during a period of 66 days (CS: – 61% and PS: – 43%) significantly affected final yield (CS: – 45% and PS: – 25%), mainly through a reduction of the average grain weight and the number of grain per m2. Grain protein content increased by up to 45% under the CS treatment in 2015. Nevertheless, at the plot scale, protein yield (t/ha) did not compensate for the final grain yield decrease. The Hi-sAFe model was used to simulate an agroforestry plot with two lines of walnut trees running either north-south or east-west. The levels of artificial shade levels applied in this experiment were compared to those predicted beneath trees growing with similar climatic conditions in Belgium. The levels used in the CS treatment are only likely to occur real agroforestry conditions on 10% of the cropped area until the trees are 30 years old and only with east-west tree row orientation. ; Peer reviewed

Este trabajo de investigación realizado en el municipio de Chaparral Tolima, radica en la imperiosa necesidad de identificar las problemáticas rurales que no permiten al habitante lograr condiciones laborales y económicas favorables para su desarrollo integral. El análisis de las características de empleo de un territorio a partir de la evaluación de un instrumento de política pública, generan insumos conceptuales para interpretar el desarrollo económico del municipio. Los resultados contribuyen a la comprensión y reflexión sobre las problemáticas que enfrentan la población rural, se encontraron algunas de las características del empleo para la juventud rural en el municipio de Chaparral Tolima, se examinaron diversos componentes de la política pública (programa jóvenes rurales emprendedores manejado por el SENA), con el fin de evaluar la eficacia y su incidencia a partir de una interpretación rigurosa de las condiciones socio - económicas del municipio. Teniendo en cuenta lo anterior, se analizó las características del empleo que se genera en el municipio de Chaparral, puntualizando en los siguientes interrogantes: ¿Cuál es la oferta de empleo para los jóvenes rurales que tiene el municipio de Chaparral?, ¿Cuáles son las características sociales de los jóvenes rurales del municipio de Chaparral?, ¿Cuál es el aporte del programa jóvenes rurales emprendedores a los jóvenes del municipio de Chaparral Tolima? Las respuestas a estas preguntas permitieron conocer a profundidad los jóvenes y población rural, las características del municipio y el potencial económico de la zona para poder multiplicar posibilidades de empleo para estas zonas características de nuestro país. ; This research was developed ¡n Chaparral, Tolima and it is focused on the necesity of identifying the rural ¡ssues which don t allow the inhabitants to accomplish labor and economic conditions, required to get an integral development. Analyzing the employment characteristics, from a public policy tool, gives conceptual incomes to evalúate the economic development of the town. The results clarify the understanding about issues that rural inhabitants face on their territories. The research also shows some of the rural youth employment characteristics and evaluates some components of the public policy (SENA Program: Jóvenes Rurales Emprendedores), to make a strict interpretation of the impact of this program within Chaparral's socio-economic conditions. According to that, the research analyzed the characteristics of the created Jobs in Chaparral pointing out the following questions: Which is the available employment offer to the rural youth of Chaparral? What are the social characteristics of rural youth of Chaparral? Which is the impact of SENA Program: Jóvenes Rurales Emprendedores, to the rural yoi of Chaparral? These answers allowed to know better the rural inhabitants, the town's characteristics and economical potential to multiply the employment offer within this zone of the country.

58 páginas y anexos. ; La cultura organizacional se considera el elemento característico de las organizaciones contemporáneas, aunque es un factor que está presente desde el nacimiento de las instituciones. La cultura castrense es el fundamento de la cultura organizacional del Ejército Nacional de Colombia, la cual es el pilar de la formación, las actuaciones, las creencias y los valores que en ella se practican. El propósito de este estudio fue caracterizar la cultura organizacional del Ejército Nacional de Colombia con el fin de crear espacios de conocimiento y adherencia a dicha cultura. En consecuencia, la identificación y el análisis de la cultura organizacional del Ejército Nacional de Colombia permite otorgar elementos clave que generen oportunidades de mejora continua y el establecimiento e pautas que logren dar como resultado la interiorización de los preceptos valorativos de la Institución. Este estudio permitió establecer un alto seguimiento de metas y propósitos orientados desde el alto mando. Asimismo, e evidenció que la construcción progresiva de la misionalidad del Ejército Nacional ha sido interiorizada y aceptada por los miembros de la institución involucrados en el presente estudio, manteniendo y respetando la misión de la Fuerza, y reconociendo la transformación de la institución a las diversas situaciones coyunturales por as que atraviesa no solo la Fuerza sino también el país. ; Organizational culture is considered the element characteristic of contemporary organizations, although it is a actor that is present since the birth of institutions. The military culture is the foundation of the organizational culture of the Colombian National Army, which is the pillar of the formation, actions beliefs and values that are practiced it. The purpose of this study was to characterize the organizational culture of the Colombian National Army in order to create places of knowledge and adherence to said culture. Consequently, the identification and analysis of the organizational culture of the Colombian National Army allows for the granting of key elements that generate opportunities, continuously improve and establish a guidelines that will result in the internalization of the , institution's values. This study allowed to establish a high follow-up of goal and purposes oriented from the high command. Likewise, it was evident that the progressive construction of t e National Army's mission, has been internalized and accepted by the members of the institution involved in the present study, supporting, respecting he vision of the Force, and recognizing the transformation of the institution to the diverse situations through which not only the Force but also the country live. ; Magíster en Gestión Humana y Desarrollo Organizacional ; Maestría

Agamben , G. (1998). Homo Sacer. El poder soberano y la nuda vida. Valencia: Pre-Textos.Agamben , G. (2000). Medios sin fin. Valencia: Pre-Textos.Agamben, G. (2003). Homo Sacer II. Primera parte. Estado de excepción. Buenos Aires: Adriana Hidalgo.Agamben, G. (2008). El reino y la gloria. Para una genealogía teológica de la economía y del gobierno. Valencia: Pre-textos.Arango, R. (2002). La responsabilidad colectiva ante la crisis moral y política colombiana. En R. Sierra Mejía , y A. Gómez-Muller. (Eds.), La Filosofía y la crisis colombiana. Bogotá D.C.: Alfaguara Ediciones, Grupo Santillana.Arendt, H. (2010). Lo que quiero es comprender. Sobre mi vida y mi obra. Madrid: Trotta.Borrero, A. (22 de septiembre de 2014). Justicia militar, derecho de guerra y "falsos positivos". Razón Pública. Recuperado de http://www.razonpublica.com/index.php/politica-y-gobierno-temas-27/7913-justicia-militar,-derecho-de-guerra-y-%E2%80%9Cfalsos-positivos%E2%80%9D.htmlCarrillo, V. y Kucharz, T. (2006). Colombia, terrorismo de Estado. Testimonios de la guerra sucia contra movimientos populares. Barcelona: Icaria.Colombia se "raja" en el examen de derechos humanos de la ONU. (20 de octubre de 2016). El Espectador. Recuperado de http://www.elespectador.com/noticias/judicial/colombia-se-raja-el-examen-de-derechos-humanos-de-onu-articulo-661321Fernández, P. (2005). La soberanía política. En M. Vargas Goméz-Urrutia, y A. Salinas de Frías. (Coords.), Soberanía del Estado y derecho internacional: homenaje al profesor Juan Antonio Carrillo Salcedo (Vol. 1). Sevilla: Universidad de Sevilla.Foucault, M. (2000). Defender la sociedad. México: Fondo de Cultura Económica.Foucault, M. (2009). Vigilar y castigar. México: Fondo de Cultura Económica.Gellately, R. (2002). No solo Hitler. Consentimiento y represión en la Alemania Nazi. Madrid: Crítica.González, F. (1999). Colombia, una nación fragmentada. Bilbao: Cuadernos Bakeaz.Mbembe, A. (2011). Necropolítica. Madrid: Melusina.Morin, E. (1985). Qué es el totalitarismo. De la naturaleza de la URSS. Madrid: Anthropos.Osorio, M. (11 de Febrero de 2017). Líderes sociales asesinados: ni uno más. El Espectador. Recuperado de http://www.elespectador.com/noticias/politica/lideres-sociales-asesinados-ni-uno-mas-articulo-679395 ; The following article seeks to open the possibility of thinking the reality of the Colombian conflict from new conceptual categories, specifically those put forth by Giorgio Agamben, not necessarily to force the facts into the theory, but to open new possibilities of understanding the human tragedy that Colombia has lived (and continues to live) in terms of human loss (death policies), of lack of conditions to live a dignified life and of an existence that is zoé (barely existence, stripped from dignity) rather than bios (life in political community). The text further proposes the question of whether the Colombian State has become an everlasting State of Emergency that employs it as a normal mode of establishing social and political hegemony

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Elsevier via the DOI in this record. ; In the Nepalese Himalaya, there is little information on the number, spatial distribution and morphometric characteristics of rock glaciers, and this information is required if their hydrological contribution is to be understood. Based on freely available fine spatial resolution satellite data accessible through Google Earth, we produced the first comprehensive Nepalese rock glacier inventory, supported through statistical validation and field survey. The inventory includes the location of over 6000 rock glaciers, with a mean specific density of 3.4%. This corresponds to an areal coverage of 1371 km². Our approach subsampled approximately 20% of the total identified rock glacier inventory (n = 1137) and digitised their outlines so that quantitative/qualitative landform attributes could be extracted. Intact landforms (containing ice) accounted for 68% of the subsample, and the remaining were classified as relict (not containing ice). The majority (56%) were found to have a northerly aspect (NE, N, and NW), and landforms situated within north- to west-aspects reside at lower elevations than those with south- to- east aspects. In Nepal, we show that rock glaciers are situated between 3225 to 5675 m a.s.l., with the mean minimum elevation at the front estimated to be 4977±280 m a.s.l. for intact landforms and 4541±346 m a.s.l. for relict landforms. The hydrological significance of rock glaciers in Nepal was then established by statistically upscaling the results from the subsample to estimate that these cryospheric reserves store between 16.72 and 25.08 billion cubic metres of water. This study, for the first time, estimates rock glacier water volume equivalents and evaluates their relative hydrological importance in comparison to ice glaciers. Across the Nepalese Himalaya, rock glacier to ice glacier water volume equivalent is 1:9, and generally increases westwards (e.g., ratio = 1:3, West region). This inventory represents a preliminary step for understanding the spatial distribution and the geomorphic conditions necessary for rock glacier formation in the Himalaya. With continued climatically-driven ice glacier recession, the relative importance of rock glaciers in the Nepalese Himalaya will potentially increase. ; This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council (grant number: 851 NE/L002434/1 to DBJ); the Royal Geographical Society (with IBG) with a Dudley Stamp Memorial Award 852 (awarded to DBJ); the European Union Seventh Framework Programme FP7/2007-2013 (grant number: 603864 853 to SH and RAB [HELIX: High-End cLimate Impacts and eXtremes; www.helixclimate.eu]). The work of RB forms 854 part of the BEIS/Defra Met Office Hadley Centre Climate Programme GA01101. T

BACKGROUND: Neck pain is frequent among military helicopter pilots and crew-members, and pain may influence individual health and work performance. The aim of this study was to examine if an exercise intervention could reduce neck pain among helicopter pilots and crew-members. METHODS: Thirty-one pilots and thirty-eight crew-members were randomized to either an exercise-training-group (n = 35) or a reference-group (n = 34). The exercise-training-group received 20-weeks of specific neck/shoulder training. The reference-group received no training. PRIMARY OUTCOME: Intensity of neck pain previous 3-months (scale 0-10). SECONDARY OUTCOMES: additional neck/shoulder pain intensity variables and pressure-pain-threshold in the trapezius muscle (TRA) and upper-neck-extensor muscles (UNE). Regular training adherence was defined as ≥1 training session a week. Statistical analyses performed were intention-to-treat and per-protocol. Students t-test was performed (p < 0.05). RESULTS: Intensity of neck pain previous 3-months at baseline was: 2.2 ± 1.8 and previous 7-days: 1.0 ± 1.5, and pressure-pain-threshold in TRA and UNE (right/left) was in kPa: 424 ± 187 / 434 ± 188 and 345 ± 157 / 371 ± 170 in the exercise-training-group, and 416 ± 177 / 405 ± 163 and 334 ± 147 / 335 ± 163 in the reference-group, with no differences between groups. Intention-to-treat-analysis revealed no significant between-group-differences in neck pain intensity and pressure-pain-threshold. Between-group-differences, including participants who trained regularly (n = 10) were also non-significant. Within-group-changes were significant among participants with regular training adherence in the exercise-training-group regarding intensity of neck pain previous 3-months (from 2.2 ± 0.6 to 1.3 ± 1.3, p = 0.019). Likewise, within the whole exercise-training-group, neck pain previous 7-days decreased (from 1.0 ± 1.4 to 0.6 ± 1.1, p = 0.024). Additional within-group-changes regarding pressure-pain-threshold in kPa were for the reference-group a reduction in TRA and UNE (right/left) to: 342 ± 143 / 332 ± 154 and 295 ± 116 / 292 ± 121 implying increased pain sensitivity, while for the exercise-training-group only a reduction in left TRA was seen: 311 ± 113. CONCLUSIONS: The exercise intervention did not reduce neck pain among helicopter pilots and crew-members as no significant between-group-differences were found. However, some trends were demonstrated as some neck pain intensity and sensitivity improved more within the exercise-training-group but not within the reference-group. The lack of effect may be due to low adherence since only ~ 1/3 of subjects in the exercise-training-group engaged in regular training which may be due to the self-administration of the training. TRIAL REGISTRATIONS: Ethical committee of Southern Denmark (S-20120121) 29 August, 2012. Clinical Trail Registration ( NCT01926262 ) 16 August, 2013.

The Confederate Graves Survey Archive of the Texas Division, Sons of Confederate Veterans consists of surveys of cemeteries throughout Texas, and portions of Oklahoma and New Mexico. The surveys document the interment of Confederate States of America military veterans. United States of America (Union) veterans, as well as able-bodied men at the time of the Civil War, are also documented. 13 boxes entitled "Grave Surveys" contain grave surveys listed county-by-county, 3 boxes of "Unit Files" list surveyed individuals by their military unit. Finally, 17 boxes contain "Veteran Files" that document each veteran by name in "last name, first name, middle initial" format. An index that cross-references each of the collection series (Grave Surveys, Unit Files, and Veteran Files) is included, as are institutions to surveyors on how and what to document while conducting surveys. ; Hogeye Cemetery #759, Hunt County, Texas | Veterans Interred: Tatom, Felix G. ; Wesley Chpl. Cemetery #773, Hunt County, Texas | Veterans Interred: Byars, Daniel W. ; Panhandle Cemetery #193, Panhandle, Carson County, Texas | Veterans Interred: Jameson, Wm. Savage. ; Miami Cemetery #202, Miami, Roberts County, Texas | Veterans Interred: Whatley, John Williams. ; Highland Cemetery #154, Stanford, Haskell County, Texas | Veterans Interred: Self, John M. ; Highland Cemetery #154, Stanford, Haskell County, Texas | Veterans Interred: Buie, Archibald. ; Terrace Cemetery #377, Post, Garza County, Texas | Veterans Interred: Smith, Isaac. ; McWright Cemetery #573, Greenville, Hunt County, Texas | Veterans Interred: VanCleave, George W. ; Forrest Prk Cemetery #582, Hunt County, Texas | Veterans Interred: Ende, Fred Von. ; East Mount Cemetery #572, Hunt County, Texas | Veterans Interred: Robey, James Garrison. ; East Mount Cemetery #572, Hunt County, Texas | Veterans Interred: Lamar, J. H. ; East Mount Cemetery #572, Hunt County, Texas | Veterans Interred: Latimer, Isham Pruitt. ; East Mount Cemetery #572, Hunt County, Texas | Veterans Interred: Gee, Robert B. ; Quay Cemetery #722, Quay County, New Mexico. ; Graham Point Cemetery #756, Hunt County, Texas | Veterans Interred: VanCleave, Wm. Grenade. ; Hooker Ridge Cemetery #760, Hunt County, Texas | Veterans Interred: Fortenberry, Oliver A. ; Plainview Cemetery #317, Plainview, Hale County, Texas | Veterans Interred: Howell, Alfred T. ; Kress Cemetery #186, Kress, Swisher County, Texas | Veterans Interred: Askey, James Harrison. ; West Park Cemetery #184, Hereford, Deaf Smith County, Texas | Veterans Interred: Rector, Thos. K. ; Dreamland Cemetery #192, Canyon, Randall County, Texas | Veterans Interred: Slack, Oliver Perry. ; Rosston Cemetery #1048, Rosston, Cooke County, Texas | Veterans Interred: Glover, Isaac. ; East Mount Cemetery #572, Hunt County, Texas | Veterans Interred: Arnold, Marcellus M. ; Kelly Cemetery #763, Hunt County, Texas | Veterans Interred: Walker, Wesley Clark. ; Shiloh Cemetery #591, Campbell, Hunt County, Texas | Veterans Interred: Voyles, Rudolphus. ; Abilene Cemetery #1138, Abilene, Taylor County, Texas | Veterans Interred: Sorelle, Wiley H.

The implementation of politic and social objectives derived from Communist Party Congress, the actualization of Cuban Economic Model, the management perfectioness, the preparation of leaders enchange of leading process to fulfill the politic, economic, social and environmental objectives and the encrioce of it due to the men incidence. All this is needed for developing the process in which the Cuban managers and leaders has an important role from the knowledge, skills, capacity and values and it´s relation with cuban society demands guided to reach higher and efficient results. Cuban government assumes the sustainable development principle according whit the environmental policy to reach and minimize negative impacts and to potentiate positive ones. Leaders and managers has the responsibility to plan, organize, lead and control the environmental gestion in is´t organization with the objective to salve to the social contemporary exigencies. To salve this a procedure for the preparation and capacitation of managers and leaders is designed, where policy objective, and environmental aims are taken into account as a result of the low capacitation of managers and leaders that limit ate the results and fulfillment of organization mission and objectives. ; En los momentos actuales en que vive la sociedad cubana, al implementarse los Lineamientos de la Política Económica y Social del Partido y la Revolución, derivados del VI Congreso del PCC, la actualización del Modelo Económico y Social Socialista, y el proceso de Perfeccionamiento Empresarial, la capacitación de los encargados de dirigir los procesos hacia el logro de objetivos políticos, sociales, económicos y ambientales, constituye una tarea de importancia vital, unido a la agudización de los problemas ambientales manifiestos en los diferentes niveles y ocasionados, fundamentalmente, por el accionar del hombre y la sociedad. Se necesita de cuadros y reservas con conocimientos, habilidades, capacidades y valores que se correspondan con las demandas de la sociedad cubana, dirigidas a alcanzar resultados eficientes y eficaces. En Cuba se asume como principio el desarrollo sostenible, consecuente con una política ambiental que garantice minimizar los impactos negativos y potenciar los positivos, que ocasionan al medio ambiente. Sobre estos recursos humanos recae la responsabilidadde planificar, organizar, ejecutar y controlar la gestión ambiental en las organizaciones en que se desempeñan, orientada a responder a las exigencias ambientales que demanda la sociedad contemporánea. En este sentido, se diseña un procedimiento para la capacitación ambiental de los cuadros y reservas del sistema empresarial, que sustentado en la política, objetivos y metas ambientales, propicie un mejor desempeño ambiental de la empresa, el que responde a la problemática manifiesta en la insuficiente capacitación de los mismos, que limita el desempeño y cumplimiento de los objetivos y misión de la organización.

Journal of High Energy Physics 2016.8 (2016): 005 reproduced by permission of Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA) ; Artículo escrito por un elevado número de autores, sólo se referencian el que aparece en primer lugar, el nombre del grupo de colaboración, si le hubiera, y los autores pertenecientes a la UAM ; A measurement of the cross section for the inclusive production of isolated prompt photons in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of √ s = 8 TeV is presented. The measurement covers the pseudorapidity ranges |η γ | < 1.37 and 1.56 ≤ |η γ | < 2.37 in the transverse energy range 25 < Eγ T < 1500 GeV. The results are based on an integrated luminosity of 20.2 fb−1 , recorded by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Photon candidates are identified by combining information from the calorimeters and the inner tracker. The background is subtracted using a data-driven technique, based on the observed calorimeter shower-shape variables and the deposition of hadronic energy in a narrow cone around the photon candidate. The measured cross sections are compared with leading-order and next-to-leading order perturbative QCD calculations and are found to be in a good agreement over ten orders of magnitude ; We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWFW and FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF and DNSRC, Denmark; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNSF, Georgia; BMBF, HGF, and MPG, Germany; GSRT, Greece; RGC, Hong Kong SAR, China; ISF, I-CORE and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM and NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW and NCN, Poland; FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MES of Russia and NRC KI, Russian Federation; JINR; MESTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MIZS, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MINECO, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SERI, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; MOST, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America. In addition, individual groups and members have received support from BCKDF, the Canada Council, CANARIE, CRC, Compute Canada, FQRNT, and the Ontario Innovation Trust, Canada; EPLANET, ERC, FP7, Horizon 2020 and Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions, European Union; Investissements d'Avenir Labex and Idex, ANR, Region Auvergne and Fondation Partager le Savoir, France; DFG and AvH Foundation, Germany; Herakleitos, Thales and Aristeia programmes cofinanced by EU-ESF and the Greek NSRF; BSF, GIF and Minerva, Israel; BRF, Norway; Generalitat de Catalunya, Generalitat Valenciana, Spain; the Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom