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This book puts the spotlight on the Chinese and South-East Asian welfare systems, providing an up-to-date assessment of their character and development. In particular it examines the underlying assumptions of these systems and how the processes of globalisation are impacting on them. As well as specific country case studies, there is a valuable comparative analysis of Eastern and Western welfare states

Innere Sicherheit ist regelmäßig Hauptthema im politischen Diskurs der Bundesrepublik. Ein subjektives Gefühl mangelnder Sicherheit in allen Lebensbereichen ist omnipräsent. Dieser Artikel analysiert die jüngsten Entwicklung im Politikfeld innere Sicherheit und nimmt eine erste Bewertung der Sicherheitsgesetzgebung vor. ; Nearly periodically the topic of internal security appears on the public agenda of the Federal Republic. The subjective feeling of a lack of security in different dimensions of life is omnipresent. The latest security- and monitoring-acts interfere deeply – and at the same time nearly unnoticed – with the daily life of every single citizen. This article analysis latest developments and evaluates the german security policy. ; Not Reviewed

Climate change will have a profound effect on humans and our environment. Recognizing this, federal agencies have begun to incorporate a more detailed discussion of climate change considerations into the Environmental Impact Statements (EISs) that they prepare for major federal actions, such as the approval of resource management plans and public infrastructure projects, in accordance with the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA). The Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ) has also issued draft guidance on how agencies should evaluate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and climate change effects in NEPA reviews. To provide insight into how federal agencies are accounting for climate change in the environmental review process, the Sabin Center conducted a survey of federal EISs published from July 2012 through December 2014. First, we divided the EISs into twelve project categories: electric generation; electric transmission; fossil fuel development; mining; forestry; parks and wildlife; other land management; marine management; public works; transportation; buildings and real estate; and military, space and government research. We then evaluated whether the EISs discussed ten topics related to climate change (all emissions refer to GHG emissions): Mitigation Considerations: (1) Direct operational emissions (2) Emissions from construction (3) Emissions from induced trips (4) Emissions from purchased electricity (5) Other emissions (6) Comparison of emissions from alternatives; Adaptation Considerations: (7) Impact of climate change on the proposed action (8) Impact of climate change on water resources; Efficiency Considerations: (9) Energy efficiency (10) Water efficiency. This survey is a follow-up to a prior assessment of climate change considerations in EISs published from January 2009 through July 2012, which found that most federal agencies addressed climate change to some extent in EISs, but that the specific impacts considered and methodology used to evaluate those impacts varied greatly between agencies. Excel databases with the results from both surveys are available on our website.

Die sektorale und räumliche Koordination von Fachpolitiken ist bereits seit Langem Gegenstand disziplinärer und interdisziplinärer Diskussion. Diese hat ihren Ausgangspunkt in der Erkenntnis, dass ausschließlich autonome Fachpolitik bzw. ausschließlich autonomes Handeln politischer Akteure den Interdependenzen zwischen ihnen nicht gerecht wird. Neuere Entwicklungen in der Forschung, gesellschaftlicher Wandel und immer häufiger zu beobachtendes Koordinationsversagen innerhalb von politischen und bürokratischen Mehrebenensystemen Europas und Deutschlands machen eine erneute Diskussion der Koordinationsproblematik notwendig. Dabei sind die einzelnen Beiträge systematisch auf drei Varianten von Koordinationsproblemen ausgerichtet, wobei grundlegend zwischen vertikaler und horizontaler Koordination unterschieden wird. Es zeigt sich, dass über alle Besonderheiten der erörterten Einzelfälle hinweg Gemeinsamkeiten beobachtbar sind, die sich auf den erfolgreichen Umgang mit Politikinterdependenzen beziehen. Vor diesem Hintergrund werden fachübergreifend Empfehlungen formuliert, wie zum einen der Koordinationsbedarf durch geschickte Aufgabenzuweisung im föderalen System möglichst gering gehalten werden kann. Zum anderen werden Wege aufgezeigt, die verbleibenden Abstimmungsbedarf in Hinblick auf die raumwirksamen Politiken in einer Weise berücksichtigen, die im Ergebnis zu einer höheren Effizienz gegenüber einem unkoordinierten Vorgehen führt. ; The cross-sector and spatial coordination of sectoral policies has long been the subject of disciplinary and interdisciplinary discussion. Such discussion has its roots in the recognition that autonomous sectoral policies and the autonomous actions of political agents alone do not do justice to interdependencies between the sectors. Renewed discussion has been rendered necessary by recent research developments, social change and an increase in incidences where coordination between the various political and bureaucratic levels of the European and German system has been seen to fail. The individual papers are systematically organised to consider three variants of coordination problems, whereby a fundamental distinction is made between vertical and horizontal coordination. It can be seen that despite the distinctiveness of the local individual case studies, it is possible to observe commonalities related to the successful tackling of policy interdependencies. Against this background, cross-sectoral recommendations are formulated. On the one hand, these are concerned with reducing the need for coordination to a minimum by the skilful allocation of tasks within the federal system. On the other hand, they indicate ways in which the remaining coordination still necessary between spatially impacting policies can be undertaken so that greater efficiency is achieved than through an uncoordinated approach.

This book is part of a six-volume series on Disaster Risk Reduction and Resilience. The series aims to fill in gaps in theory and practice in the Sendai Framework, providing additional resources, methodologies, and communication strategies to enhance the plan for action and targets proposed by the Sendai Framework. The series will appeal to a broad range of researchers, academics, students, policy makers, and practitioners in engineering, environmental science and geography, geoscience, emergency management, finance, community adaptation, atmospheric science, and information technology. This volume focuses on the concepts of economic and development vulnerability, discussing the roles of physical, social, cultural, political, economic, technological, and development factors that contribute to disaster impacts and threat levels on vulnerable populations. This approach explores how the resilience of individuals and communities can be increased in the face of future hazard threats, and how post-disaster efforts are planned for and implemented to manage risk reduction and the potential outcomes of hazard threats. Topics addressed in the boom include disaster recovery reform and resilience, recovery, and development programs, place-based reconstruction policies, resilient and sustainable disaster relief, and recovery programs, sustainable community development, and disaster recovery and post-hazard recovery strategies.

This book examines the increasing territorialisation of party competition and the relaxation of unitarian rule through devolution, presenting a long-term analysis of electoral developments in the United Kingdom since the end of the Second World War. Subsequently, the book looks into the undermining of the traditional majoritarian mode of British government as a result. It analyzes the significant role of these long-term developments and their detrimental effect on the parliament's ability to resolve issues like the Scottish Independence Referendum or the UK's vote to leave the European Union, and it addresses their underlying causes. The author additionally reconnects these electoral developments to the changing nature of devolution and shows how the deepening of devolution accelerates the negative electoral consequences for the British system of government. Finally, the book shows why the British Labour Party is turning more and more into a long-term minority party as a result of these developments. The book is a must-read for scholars, students and policy-makers, interested in a better understanding of comparative politics and devolution in general, as well as in the more specific case of the United Kingdom's electoral system.

Cover -- Contents -- Executive Summary -- I. Introduction and Background -- II. Stocktaking and Recent Developments -- III. Policy Discussions -- A. Macroeconomic Policies for 2006 -- B. Medium-Term outlook and Structural Reforms -- C. Other Issues -- IV. Staff Appraisal -- Boxes -- 1. Progress in Tsunami Recovery -- 2. Structural Reform Agenda and Status -- Figures -- 1. Real and External Sector Developments, 1995-2005 -- 2. Fiscal and Monetary Sector Developments, 1995-2005 -- Tables -- 1. Selected Economic Indicators, 2001-06 -- 2. Balance of Payments, 2001-06 -- 3. Central Government Finance, 2001-06 -- 4. Summary of Monetary Accounts and MMA Balance Sheet, 2001-05 -- 5. Base Case Medium-Term Scenario, 2004-10 -- 6. Reform Case Medium-Term Scenario, 2004-10 -- 7. Indicators of External Vulnerability, 1991-2005 -- 8. Base Case External Debt Sustainability Framework, 2000-10 -- 9. Base Case Public Sector Debt Sustainability Framework, 2000-10 -- 10. Reform Case External Debt Sustainability Framework, 2000-10 -- 11. Reform Case Public Sector Debt Sustainability Framework, 2000-10 -- Annexes -- I. Fund Relations (as of December 31, 2005) -- II. Relations with The World Bank Group (as of September 30, 2005) -- III. Relations with the Asian Development Bank (as of June 20, 2005) -- IV. Social and Demographic Indicators -- V. Statistical Issues.

Since the appearance of the first edition of this text in 1974, the book has stimulated an ongoing debate about the nature of the Latin American development process. Although the essays discuss a wide range of historical, economic, political, and social issues, they are unified in arguing that the Latin American experience of development is subject to special imperatives of analysis and interpretation not generally offered in the Western literature on development and social change. Arguing that West ern models are often inappropriate when applied to Latin America, the authors explore alternative approaches to understanding the Latin American pattern of development and change. The third edition retains classic essays from earlier editions but has been extensively revised to take account of the dramatic changes in the region over the last ten years. Looking particularly at the challenges presented by redemocratization and the new pluralism, the book raises the question of whether a "distinct tradition" still remains. New readings discuss the implications of U.S. foreign policy in Latin America, the changing role of the church, the process of democratization, and human rights issues and speculate on the permanence of Latin America's more pluralistic political structures.

Cover -- CONTENTS -- ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS, PROGRAM PERFORMANCE, AND OUTLOOK -- A. Recent Developments and Program Performance -- B. Outlook and Risks -- POLICY DISCUSSIONS -- A. Preserving Macroeconomic Stability -- B. Broadening the Revenue Base -- C. Improving Spending Quality -- D. Structural Reforms -- AUGMENTATION OF ACCESS TO FUND RESOURCES -- PROGRAM MODALITIES -- STAFF APPRAISAL -- FIGURES -- 1. Recent Economic Developments and Outlook, 2013-23 -- 2. Fiscal Developments 2013-18 -- 3. GDP Composition and Output Volatility -- 4. Tax Performance, 2014-18 -- 5. Indicators of Financial Inclusion, 2010-17 -- TABLES -- 1. Selected Economic and Financial Indicators, 2016-23 -- 2. Financial Operations of the Central Government, 2016-23 (in billions of CFA francs) -- 3. Financial Operations of the Central Government, 2016-23 (in percent of GDP) -- 4. Monetary Survey, 2016-23 -- 5. Balance of Payments, 2016-23 (in billions of CFA francs) -- 6. Balance of Payments, 2016-23 (in percent of GDP) -- 7. Indicators of Financial Soundness, Dec. 2012-Dec. 2017 -- 8. Indicators of Capacity to Repay the Fund, 2018-28 -- ANNEX -- I. Big Investment Projects -- APPENDIX -- I. Letter of Intent -- Attachment I. Memorandum of Economic and Financial Policies of the Government of Niger -- Attachment II. Technical Memorandum of Understanding

Cover Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Notes on Contributors -- 1 The Export of Legal Education: Its Promise and Impact in Transition Countries -- 2 Making a Difference: The Role of the LL.M. in Policy Formulation and Reform -- 3 A Kenyan Experience with LL.M. Education -- 4 The Socratic Method, Clinical Legal Education, and Mediation: Serving the Promotion of the Rule of Law in Serbia -- 5 Fighting Dragons of the Past: The Internationalization of Legal Education at Donetsk National University -- 6 The Export of American Legal Education and Its Impact in Serbia -- 7 Damnum iniuria datum and the Law of Torts: From Cases to Rules -- 8 Teaching in Mexico -- 9 The Big Impact of a Small Program in the Development of Rule of Law in Kosovo -- 10 Designing and Implementing a Legal English Course to Develop the Rule of Law in the Context of Transition in Pakistani Society -- 11 The Impact of the U.S. Legal System on Peruvian Administrative Law -- 12 Working with Precedents to Develop the Rule of Brazilian Commercial Law in a Global Scenario -- 13 Western Education and Eastern Development: Ensuring Effective Development Assistance in East Asia Through Capacity Building -- 14 Comparative Analysis in the Area of Development of Informational and Communicational Technologies: Contemporary U.S. and Uzbek Legislation

Intro -- Contents -- Preface -- U.S. Aerospace Manufacturing: Industry Overview and Prospects* -- Summary -- Introduction -- Aerospace Manufacturing Industry Overview -- Aerospace Manufacturing Workforce -- Economic Impact of Aerospace Manufacturing -- Aerospace Trade -- The Commercial Jet Aircraft Market -- The Regional Jet Market -- The General Aviation (GA) Aircraft Market -- Potential Future Competition in the Aircraft Manufacturing Sector -- Public Policy Issues -- Export Controls -- Environmental Concerns -- Aerospace Workforce Issues -- End Notes -- Flight Plan 2009: Analysis of the U.S. Aerospace Industry* -- Executive Summary -- Large Civil Aircraft -- Market Trends 2001-2008 -- Competition -- A Difference in Market Projections -- Adoption of a Systems Integration -- Manufacturing Process by Boeing -- 787 Structures Work Share -- Outlook -- Regional Jets -- Market Trends -- Outlook -- Notable Developments -- Rotorcraft -- U.S. Manufacturers -- Foreign Competitors -- Joint Ventures -- Market Trends -- Outlook -- Commercial Space -- U.S. and Foreign Manufacturers -- Market Trends -- Trends -- Outlook -- General Aviation -- Market Trends -- Outlook -- Notable Developments -- Engines/Powerplants -- U.S. and Foreign Manufacturers -- Joint Ventures -- Market Trends -- Outlook -- Notable Developments -- Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) -- Market Trends -- Military -- Civil -- Competitors -- Outlook -- Maintenance, Repair, and Overhaul -- Market Trends -- Outlook -- Notable Developments -- Airport Infrastructure/Aviation Security -- U.S. Infrastructure Manufacturers -- Market Trends -- Airport Infrastructure -- Aviation Security -- Outlook -- Environment -- Country Studies: India -- Country Studies: China -- Country Studies: Japan -- Country/Regional Studies: Europe -- Country Profiles -- France -- Germany -- United Kingdom -- Italy -- Spain

Introduction / Lawrence Harrison -- Child rearing -- Culture, values, and the family / Jerome Kagan -- Parenting practices and governance in Latin America: the case of Costa Rica / Luis Diego Herrera -- Education -- Cultural values and parenting education / Sharon Lynn Kagan and Amy Lowenstein -- Character education: restoring virtue to the mission of the schools / Thomas Lickona -- Civic education and the development of civic knowledge and attitudes / Richard Niemi and Steven Finkel -- Schooling open societies in Latin America / Fernando Reimers and Eleonora Villegas-Reimers -- Religion -- Evangelical expansion and progressive values' in the developing world / David Martin -- Anglo-Protestant culture / Samuel Huntington -- The development of the Jews / Jim Lederman -- Culture begins with cult: the surprising growth of the Catholic people / Michael Novak -- Re-imagining the Orthodox tradition: nurturing democratic values in Orthodox Christian civilization / Nikolas Gvosdev, with a response by Georges Prevelakis -- Market development, political change, and Chinese cultures / Robert Weller -- Buddhist economics in Asia / Christal Whelan -- Cultural change in Islamic civilization / Bassam Tibi -- Islam matters: culture and progress in the Muslim world / Robert Hefner -- Hinduism and modernity / Pratap Bhanu Mehta -- The media -- Journalism and values / Mariano Grondona and Carlos Alberto Montaner -- The global battle for cultural domination / Reese Schonfeld -- Leadership -- Public policy and culture / Richard Lamm -- Development projects -- Donor pro

As many countries around the world grapple with political and market reform, lively debate is growing around questions concerning the conditions under which decentralization policies are called for, which policies and strategies work, and how transferable they are. This timely study looks closely at the possibilities for and limitations of decentralization in industrialized, developing, and former Eastern bloc countries. Of particular interest is Part One of the book, which concentrates on an in-depth analysis of decentralization developments in the new democracies of Central and Eastern Europe. Under the themes of (a) political and administrative development, (b) governance and services, (c) services and revenues, and (d) urban and regional dimensions, the book traces the decentralization experiences of the developing countries, the countries of the former USSR and Eastern Europe, as well as OECD countries. The first such comprehensive study of these issues, this volume also boasts several contributions by ministers and senior officials in charge of local reforms in their respective countries. This timely and important look at current developments in decentralization will be of great interest to students of decentralization, regional development, and the transition from centralized to market economies, and to those responsible for creating and implementing the relevant policy

In Ecuador there are already some planning instruments where each Decentralized Autonomous Governments from the parish, cantonal and provincial are anchored to the National Plan and these in turn with the SDGs, in addition to being with important regulations for the Circular Economic, which goes from the territorial, the environmental and the economic - productive. (UNACEM, 2019), currently sustainability is based on the application of a circular economy in the correct way, the application of circular economy policies in Ecuador, as a public policy to improve collaborative public finances, in order to identify and analyze the current public policies designed for the conservation of the environment and its relationship to the circular economy and Collaborative public finances in Ecuador, likewise it seeks to propose public policies that contain a design with a focus on the conservation of the environment and its application for the execution of the circular economy and Collaborative public finances in Ecuador, the work was carried out with the mixed methodology. Keywords: circular economy, public finances, public politics, sustainable development. ; En el Ecuador ya existen algunos instrumentos de planificación en donde cada Gobiernos Autónomo Descentralizado desde lo parroquial, cantonal y provincial se anclan al Plan Nacional y estos a su vez con los ODS, además que se encuentran con normativas importantes para la Económica Circular, que va desde lo territorial, lo ambiental y lo económico – productivo. (UNACEM, 2019), en la actualidad la sostenibilidad se basa en la aplicación de una economía circular de forma correcta, la aplicación de políticas de economía circular en el Ecuador, como política pública para mejorar las finanzas públicas colaborativas, con la finalidad de identificar y analizar las políticas públicas vigentes diseñadas para la conservación del medio ambiente y su relación a la economía circular y las finanzas públicas Colaborativas en el Ecuador, así mismo se busca proponer políticas públicas ...

This article presents the often overlooked interdisciplinary field of Peace Studies with a focus on its historical
evolution since its emergence in the early 20th century. For this purpose, it first overviews its major institutional developments identifying four stages in this evolution: origins (1914-1945), institutionalisation (1945-1970), discipline development (1970-1990), discipline consolidation (from 1990 onwards). Second, it identifies six major lines of inquiry / features within the debates that have defined the discipline: approaching violence and promoting peace; necessity of an interdisciplinary approach; peaceful and non-violent management of conflicts; global and multi- cultural focus; balance between scientific analysis and normative engagement; relation between academic and practical purposes. Finally, it reviews the contemporary agenda of Peace Studies, identifying the current trends in the discipline.