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Frontmatter -- Contents -- Editors -- Contributing Authors -- Acknowledgements -- Foreword -- 1. Introduction / Ambrose, Ivor / Darcy, Simon / Buhalis, Dimitrios -- Section 1: Policies and Strategies for Accessible Tourism -- 2. European Policies for Accessible Tourism / Ambrose, Ivor -- 3. Accessible Tourism in Flanders: Policy Support and Incentives / Ghijsels, Pieter -- 4. Accessible Tourism for All in Germany / Neumann, Peter -- 5. Accessible Tourism in Greece: Beaches and Bathing for All / Voulgaropoulos, Nikos / Strati, Eleni / Fyka, Georgia -- 6. The United States: Travellers with Disabilities / Horn, Laurel Van -- 7. Accessible Tourism in Australia / Darcy, Simon / Cameron, Bruce / Schweinsberg, Stephen -- 8. Accessible Tourism in New Zealand / Rhodda, Sandra -- Section 2: Networks and Partnerships -- 9. Universal Tourism Networks / Prescott, Mike -- 10. Tourism Victoria, Australia – An Integrative Model of Inclusive Tourism for People with Disabilities / Le, Huong / Fujimoto, Yuka / Rentschler, Ruth / Edwards, David -- 11. Accessible Tourism in Sweden: Experiences, Stakeholders, Marketing / Müller, Lilian -- 12. The Third Sector Responses to Accessible/Disability Tourism / Hunter-Jones, Philippa / Thornton, Anthony -- 13. Accessible Dive Tourism / Walsh, Caroline / Haddock-Fraser, Janet / Hampton, Mark P. -- Section 3: The Accessible Tourism Value Chain -- 14. Tour Operating for the Less Mobile Traveller / Wright, Andrew -- 15. Air Travel for People with Disabilities / Darcy, Simon / Ravinder, Ravi -- 16. Accessible Public Transport: Vienna City Tourism / Krpata, Roland -- 17. Accessible Hotels: Design Essentials / Papamichail, Katerina -- Section 4: Destination Development -- 18. Wheelchair Travel Guides / Cameron, Bruce / Darcy, Simon -- 19. Accessing Heritage Tourism Services / Pegg, Shane / Stumbo, Norma -- 20. VisitOSLO, Norway: Supporting Accessible Tourism Content within Destination Tourism Marketing / Tveitan, Bodil Sandøy -- 21. Accessible Tourism in Spain: Arona and Madrid / Galán, Jesús Hernández -- 22. VisitBritain: Leading the World to Britain / Daines, Andrew / Veitch, Chris -- Section 5: Accessible Tourism Experiences -- 23. Australia: The Alpine Accessible Tourism Project and Disabled Winter Sport / Dickson, Tracey J. / Darcy, Simon -- 24. Special Needs Customer Care Training for Tourism / García-Caro, Susana Navarro / Waal, Arno de / Buhalis, Dimitrios -- 25. Conclusions: Best Accessible Tourism Practice / Ambrose, Ivor / Darcy, Simon / Buhalis, Dimitrios

Explored are quantitative dimensions of the interdependence of rich & poor regions in the context of the UN World Model. Work on that model is extended in three ways: (1) by updating some of the key parameters & exogenous variables in light of recent data; (2) by developing a "control" solution to be used as a point of reference in policy simulations; & (3) by exploring the sensitivities of each of two groups of regions -- developed & developing -- to changes in one another's growth rates. Goals of closing the income gap between developed & developing regions & of increasing income levels in the latter are discussed. 5 Tables, 1 Figure. HA.

Várzea floodplain forests are important ecosystems of the Amazon basin. Our goal was to verify whether orchid bee males have stratum preference in a forest with a dynamic understory. Traps were placed at 25 m and 1.5 m with aromatic scents to lure the bees. Data loggers were used to register temperature and relative humidity in both heights. Of 835 sampled males belonging to 28 species, 645 males from 23 species were collected at the understory. Temperature was 1.4º C higher at the canopy and relative humidity was 11.58% higher at the understory. Temperature, relative humidity, wind and tidal levels were the most important abiotic variables influencing mainly the canopy assemblage. The understory is a more stable environment, presenting good conditions to survival of the males. The species Euglossa cognata Moure, Eulaema meriana Olivier and Euglossa ignita Smith were closely related to strata and seasons.

This paper examines the extent to which housing tenure constitutes an enduring aspect of social inequality in relation to theories of re-stratification and the supposed decline of social class divisions. It uses an analysis of housing mobility based upon a survey of council tenants carried out in the inner London Borough of Camden and it looks at the housing tenure destinations of the tenants' adult `children' who have left the parental home. The largest tenure of destination was owner occupation, whilst just over a third of the `children' were local authority or housing association tenants. This indicates that an inter-generational, social renting `underclass' has not so far developed, contrary to the re-stratification theories. However, a higher proportion of the younger than the older `children' were tenants of social rented housing. The relative impact of class and household employment patterns on housing mobility is considered. The paper concludes by arguing that social class is of continued importance in terms of understanding patterns of housing mobility.

1. Party competition and social protection -- 2. Comparing Italy and Germany -- 3. Segmentation of unemployment benefits in advanced welfare states today -- 4. Italy and Germany : policy divergence after the Second World War -- 5. Italy and Germany : changing trends during welfare state restructuring -- 6. Explaining labour market reforms in Italy and Germany -- 7. Italy and Germany : political driving forces behind different post-war paths -- 8. Germany : two political logics of segmenting reforms -- 9. Italy : party system change facilitating de-segmentation -- 10. Party competition and benefit segmentation across advanced welfare states -- 11. Conclusions and future research.

"Every aspect of our everyday life has been infiltrated by technology. In many cases, technology has the potential to increase productivity in our subjects of study while simultaneously enhancing social participation. Despite these advantages, technology and digital services have the potential to have a detrimental impact on people's emotional, physical, and social well-being. Our interactions with the media have changed as our lives and expectations have changed. To attain digital wellbeing and mindfulness, it is not essential to use technology less frequently. Rather, it is about critically questioning how we use technology and considering why we use it - do we make a constructive decision or do we simply let ourselves be lured by the tempting digital platforms?"--

Critical theory in the Frankfurt School mould has made various inroads into IR theorising, and provided many a stimulus to attempts at redressing the 'positivist' imbalance in the discipline. Many of the conceptual offerings of the Frankfurt School perspective have received critical attention in IR theory debates, and while these are still ongoing, the purpose of this discussion is not to attempt to contribute by furthering either methodological interests, or politico-philosophical inquiry. Instead, I focus on the near omission of the social-theoretic aspect of the work especially of Juergen Habermas. I argue that a more in-depth exploration of critical social theory has considerable potential in the context of the 'social turn' in IR theory. The lack of attention to this potential is arguably due in part to the importance of Habermas' contribution to cosmopolitan normative theory, and the status held by the cosmopolitan-communitarian debate as a key site of critical IR debate for many years throughout the 1990s. The productivity of the Habermasian conception of the discourse theory of morality within this set of concerns has been obvious, and continues.

AbstractSocial Impact Bonds (SIBs) have alternatively been portrayed as a promising tool to improve the functioning of welfare systems, or as an instrument of neo‐liberalism that threatens to undermine them. Recently, a more nuanced understanding of the promises as well as pitfalls of SIBs has developed, as both practical experiences and published empirical evidence about implemented SIBs have increased in number. We aim to contribute to the development of such an understanding by analyzing practitioner reports on SIBs. We identify two key paradoxes of SIBs. These paradoxes centre on statements that cannot both hold true for the very same SIB: (1) flexible but evidence‐based services; and (2) cost‐saving risk transfer to private investors. We conclude by discussing how those paradoxes have been resolved in existing SIBs, which strategies of de‐paradoxification may turn out to be paramount in future, and how positive aspects of SIBs can be preserved while defusing their more problematic ones.

PurposeMany manufacturers are exploring adopting smart technologies in their operations, also referred to as the shift towards "Industry 4.0". Employees' contribution to high-tech initiatives is key to successful Industry 4.0 technology adoption, but few studies have examined the determinants of employee acceptance. This study, therefore, aims to explore how managers affect employees' acceptance of Industry 4.0 technology, and, in turn, Industry 4.0 technology adoption.Design/methodology/approachRooted in the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology model and social exchange theory, this inductive research follows an in-depth comparative case study approach. The two studied Dutch manufacturing firms engaged in the adoption of Industry 4.0 technologies in their primary processes, including cyber-physical systems and augmented reality. A mix of qualitative methods was used, consisting of field visits and 14 semi-structured interviews with managers and frontline employees engaged in Industry 4.0 technology adoption.FindingsThe cross-case comparison introduces the manager's need to adopt a transformational leadership style for employees to accept Industry 4.0 technology adoption as an organisational-level factor that extends existing Industry 4.0 technology user acceptance theorising. Secondly, manager's and employee's recognition and serving of their own and others' emotions through emotional intelligence are proposed as an additional individual-level factor impacting employees' acceptance and use of Industry 4.0 technologies.Originality/valueSynthesising these insights with those from the domain of Organisational Behaviour, propositions were derived from theorising the social aspects of effective Industry 4.0 technology adoption.

International Law as a Belief System considers how we construct international legal discourses and the self-referentiality at the centre of all legal arguments about international law. It explores how the fundamental doctrines (e.g. sources, responsibility, statehood, personality, interpretation and jus cogens etc.) constrain legal reasoning by inventing their own origin and dictating the nature of their functioning. In this innovative work, d'Aspremont argues that these processes constitute the mark of a belief system. This book invites international lawyers to temporarily suspend some of their understandings about the fundamental doctrines they adhere to in their professional activities. It aims to provide readers with new tools to reinvent the thinking about international law and combines theory and practice to offer insights that are valuable for both theorists and practitioners