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It is based on the fact that small-scale coconut oil processing in micro-scale businesses is facing serious threats and competition with palm oil produced by large and medium-sized entrepreneurs, resulting in a downturn in business as well as weakening the motivation of coconut farmers to process coconut production into coconut oil. As a result, coconut farmers in their daily lives actually buy palm oil processed by large and medium entrepreneurs, while their businesses are getting worse. In line with this, through this research, an analysis of the obstacles and opportunities for the development of the people's coconut oil processing industry was carried out. The purpose of this study was to analyze the barriers to developing the people's coconut oil processing industry on a micro-scale business and to analyze the opportunities for developing the people's coconut oil processing industry on a micro-scale business. The research method is through a Focus Group Discussion (FGD) to identify obstacles and opportunities for developing the coconut oil processing industry, followed by Analysis Hierarchy Process (AHP) to determine priority problems and priority opportunities that should be carried out by multi-stakeholders for the development of the coconut oil processing industry. The results showed that the priority obstacles to the development of the coconut oil processing industry in micro-scale businesses in Konawe Islands Regency were product marketing problems, financial capital, and business funding problems, production equipment problems, skilled labor issues, raw material problems, micro-business protection policy issues, business organization, and management problems, as well as problems in the use of information technology and innovation. The priority of opportunities for the development of the micro-scale coconut oil processing industry in Konawe Kepualauan Regency is the presence of economic value by-products of coconut oil processing, namely shell charcoal, nata de coco, and coconut coir, there is a tendency for people to consume more coconut oil than consume coconut oil. Palm oil, the existence of a government program to encourage the coconut processing industry, and the nutritional value that is unique to coconut oil. Organizational and business management problems, as well as problems in the use of information technology and innovation. The priority of opportunities for the development of the micro-scale coconut oil processing industry in Konawe Kepualauan Regency is the presence of economic value by-products of coconut oil processing, namely shell charcoal, nata de coco, and coconut coir, there is a tendency for people to consume more coconut oil than consume coconut oil. Palm oil, the existence of a government program to encourage the coconut processing industry and the nutritional value that is unique to coconut oil. Organizational and business management problems, as well as problems in the use of information technology and innovation. The priority of opportunities for the development of the micro-scale coconut oil processing industry in Konawe Kepualauan Regency is the presence of economic value by-products of coconut oil processing, namely shell charcoal, nata de coco, and coconut coir, there is a tendency for people to consume more coconut oil than consume coconut oil. Palm oil, the existence of a government program to encourage the coconut processing industry and the nutritional value that is unique to coconut oil.

Background: The OSCAR project aims (a) to research the current state of open science in the European aeronautics and air transport (AAT) research landscape and (b) to implement open science into the European AAT research landscape. To reach the second goal of OSCAR we strive (b.1) to develop an open science code of conduct for the European AAT research landscape and (b.2) to harmonise the main topics of this open science code of conduct with the common consortium agreement models (CAMs) in this field. Objective: The primary objective of the present analysis is to establish an information basis for the strategic alignment of the project. The main question of the analysis at hand is as follows: Is open science (already) relevant in the existing CAMs in European AAT research fields? Methods: We performed a qualitative and quantitative (multi variate) content analysis (Mayring 2014; Blasius and Baur 2014) of five representative CAMs used in the European AAT research landscape. Content analysis is a well-established, scientific method of empirical social science for objective information retrieval (Blasius and Baur 2014). The analysis is comprised of two main steps. The first step was to perform a theoretical background analysis in combination with an automatic topic modelling of open science to determine the important categories of open science. The second step was to analyse the content of the CAMs (a) qualitatively and (b) quantitatively. Results: We determined 18 important categories of open science in general. The inter rater reliability between coder 1 and coder 2 is α = 0.422 (Krippendorff's α). Although we did not achieve the level of agreement of α ≥ .667, there is however, a systematic agreement between the two coders, as shown by the Kendall rank correlation coefficient τ with τ = 0.344626 (p > .001). The observed category frequencies by coder 1 are significant (p .6) (Fisher's exact test). The category frequency is significantly higher than expected (p > .001) (Fisher's exact test). The documents showed a high degree of inter-document similarity. Our analysis showed that the most relevant categories present in the CAMs are: (1) Intellectual Property, (2) Open Source Software, (3) Open Data, (4) Ethics and responsibility. However, it is interesting to note that digitalisation does not seem to be particularly relevant in the given CAMs. Conclusion: Our analysis of the five major CAMs that are widely used in the European AAT research landscape shows that open science and its underlying conceptual framework is indeed relevant in these CAMs. In the forthcoming course of the OSCAR project, we should focus on developing communication strategies that tie on the four identified categories. The OSCAR project should focus on already used EU standards and guidelines and existing best practices of the industry and scientific community. To raise awareness, we should address the policy makers as well as the main stakeholders. Policy makers should make clear statements, commitments and rules. The main stakeholders should be well informed. We should develop simple opt-in, opt-out models for open science that can be used in the projects with ease. Our opt-in, opt-out models should emphasis the integration of conventional intellectual property management and open science practices. Data: All data, statistics and media used and generated by this project can be found in the zip files: data.zip, stats.zip and media.zip

Статтю присвячено нетривалому періоду панування Директорії Української Народної Республіки в повітовому центрі Херсонської губернії м. Єлисавет (українізована назва міста Єлисаветград). Ідеться про перехід міста і повіту під владу Директорії, про антигетьманський переворот, здійснений сотником Михайлом Вербицьким за підтримки місцевого осередку «Українського національного союзу», а також формування збройних сил УНР у місті та повіті. Розглядається діяльність різних органів місцевого самоуправління та їхні взаємини зі збройними силами Директорії, а також процес поступового поширення анархії, перебіг основних збройних конфліктів на території повіту між різними політичними угрупованнями, а також конфлікт із німецьким контингентом, що мав за умовами Комп'єнського перемир'я залишити територію повіту. У статті також ідеться про падіння влади Директорії та спробу організувати повстання проти петлюрівських військ. Невдалий початок повстання призвів до масштабного єврейського погрому та пограбування міського майна. Спростовується найбільш поширена версія про керівництво повстання з боку більшовиків, пояснюється основна мотивація керівництва повстанням. ; The article is dedicated to a short period of the power of the Directory of the Ukrainian People's Republic in the city of Elizavetgrad, a district center of Kherson province, in November 1918 – February 1919. In November 1918, the city was under the control of the government of the Hetman of the Ukrainian State Pavlo Skoropadsky. However, in rural communities of Elizavetgrad district, the insurgent movement had already grown in strength, which eventually led to the downfall of the Ukrainian State. The anti-Hetman coup d'état led by Captain Mikhail Verbitsky, which was supported by the local branch of the «Ukrainian National Union», had a peaceful character to establish control over the city and district, as well as military formations under the authority of the Directory of the UPR. In this article, there were demonstrated main measures of the UPR military command to conduct military conscription in the district, as well as material resources for the defence of the UPR. The article also concerns the multi-power system in the district: the military authorities of the Directory of the UPR, the local self-government, and the Soviet of Workers' Deputies. The City Council was directly concerned on the city economy, as well as maintaining law and order. For this purpose, there was created a committee for public safety, which commanded the home guards (city voluntary police) and the former Hetman's guard. The Soviet of Workers' Deputies was virtually inactive, but exploiting the trade unions, it struggled for the signing of a collective workers' agreement under the leadership of the Elvorty plant. In December 1918 – January 1919, anarchy gradually spreads in the district. Numerous armed formations and criminal gangs spring up and conflict with the German contingent which had to evacuate the territory of the district according to the Compiegne Armistice. Under these circumstances, the military leadership of the UPR began to take the necessary measures to mobilize its units and overcome anarchy in the city and the district. However, since the end of January, the situation in the province was aggravated due to the activation of the Bolsheviks, the White Guards and the anarchists. The details of the offensive of the Military Revolutionary Committee against the UPR and of the pogrom of Jews, 1–5 February 1919 are also showed in this article. The cause of the Red uprising and the reasons for its defeat are demonstrated. The paper also concerns the downfall of the UPR and the establishment of the Soviet power in the city.

Problem Statement and Purpose. The study has subregional nature and is devoted to a large region of Ukraine. During the study we focused on institutional and polit­ical variables in combination with other vectors of influence. The aim of the study is to compare the results of electoral sympathies of the population of Ukraine and the Western Ukrainian region with the prevailing trends on this issue in Europe. We took into consideration the elective territories of the Western Ukrainian region (9 units in total) at the level of administrative regions in terms of constituencies to identify the relationship between voting results and a wide range of variables that determine the regional socio-economic, historical and socio-cultural context.Our spatial multi-vector study was based on the analysis of the following variables: support for the "Sluha Narodu" party, support for other parliamentary parties in the elections of 2019, distribution of votes between center-right and liberal-center parlia­mentary parties, support / opposition of the so-called "old" and "new" parliamentary parties during the 2019 voting, as well as a spatial analysis of voter turnout.Data & Methods. The conducted research is based on the data of the Central Election Commission of Ukraine, including the data of different territorial levels of coverage (polling station - constituency - administrative region). In its course, methods of spa­tial analysis and differentiation, generalization and forecasting were used.Results. The results of the study showed an unconventionally low voter turnout, which is not typical for the studied region, significant fluctuations in support of the unprecedented election leader (the "Sluha Narodu" party), orientation for young par­liamentary parties as a hope for change of the inner state of the country. In general, the electorate of Western Ukraine should be considered quite pragmatic due to the significant support of the parties that entered parliament. The region was marked by significantly higher support for center-right parties, which is a traditional phenome­non for this territory, and generally lower support for unusual liberal views. ; Данное исследование имеет субрегиональный характер. При его изучении мы сосредоточились на институциональной и политической переменных в сочета­нии с другими векторами воздействия. Целью исследования является сопостав­ление результатов электоральных симпатий населения Украины в целом и За­падно-украинского региона с доминирующими тенденциями по этому вопросу в Европе. Мы сосредоточили внимание на территории Западно-украинского ре­гиона (всего 9 единиц) на уровне административных областей в разрезе избира­тельных округов, чтобы продемонстрировать взаимосвязь между результатами голосования и широким спектром переменных, определяющих региональный социально-экономический, исторический, социокультурный контекст. ; Пропоноване дослідження носить субрегіональний характер та присвячене великому регіону України. Нами розглядалася територія Західноукраїнського регіону (загалом 9 одиниць) на рівні адміністративних областей в розрізі ви­борчих округів, щоб виявити взаємозв'язок між результатами голосування та широким спектром змінних, що визначають регіональний соціально-економіч­ний історичний, соціокультурний контекст. Наше просторове багатовекторне дослідження було здійснено на основі аналізу наступних змінних: підтримка партії «Слуги народу», підтримка інших парламентських партій за результата­ми виборів 2019 року, розподіл голосів між право-центристськими та лібераль­но-центристськими партіями парламентського рівня, підтримка/протистояння так званих «старих» і «нових» парламентських партій в ході голосування 2019 року, а також просторовий аналіз явки виборців. Проведені дослідження ґрун­туються на даних Центральної виборчої комісії України, включали дані різних територіальних рівнів охоплення (виборча дільниця – виборчий округ – адміні­стративна область).

Bahnhöfe- und Bahnhofsviertelprojekte sind zahlreich in den europäischen Metropolen. Sie schaffen eine weitschweifige Bedeutung, für die Geographen, über Bodenthema und neue Darstellung der Akteure Spielen in diesen langen Projekten. Zwei Beiträge bilden die Besonderheit unserer Doktorarbeit: einerseits die mehrebene Studie/Analyse eines europäischen und transnationalen Verkehrsweges (die europäische Magistrale Paris-Budapest) gewidmet die Hochgeschwindigkeit mit unserem Forschungsfeld, Stuttgart, als das Zentrum unseres Bereiches; andererseits die Befürchtung der Opposition gegen Stuttgart 21, durch einen ganz neuen raum- und zeitlichen Studium der Streit bei, durch und auf dem Raum. Die räumliche Verankerung unserer Doktorarbeit ruht auf der Landeshauptstadt von Baden-Württemberg. Dieses Land erscheint wie eine der europäischen höchsten wettbewerbsfähigen Länder und die, schon lange Zeit, in der europäischen Institutionen teilt vor. Unsere Arbeit trägt zu der Stadtanalyse bei, wie das stadt- und schien Entwicklungsprojekt, Stuttgart 21, hat, praktisch weise die Stadtplanung der Innenstadt und allen regionalen Räumen auf die Neubaustrecke Stuttgart-Ulm verändert. In der langen Zeit der Einsetzung des Projekts und dank Tiefeninterview, unsere Arbeit demonstriert, die immateriellen Änderungen der Beziehungen zwischen, Akteuren nach der Rangstufe, und der Widerspiegelung der Stadt. ; Numerous renovation projects for train stations and their districts are set in European metropolises and arouse extensive interest among geographers on land issues and the reorganization of the actors' interactions in these long projects. The originality of this thesis resides in two elements: the multi-scale study of an European transnational axis (the European Magistrale Paris-Budapest) devoted to high speed rails, of which our field, Stuttgart, would constitute the pivot on the one hand; and the apprehension of the protest against Stuttgart 21 through an unprecedented spatio-temporal analysis of the struggle for, by and over space, on the other hand. The territorial anchorage of our study is based on the capital city of the German Land of Baden-Württemberg, which appears to be one of the most competitive regions in the EU and historically involved in its political bodies. Our work has enabled us to understand how the railway and urban development project, Stuttgart 21, materially modified the urban planning of the city center and all the regional spaces affected by the new high-speed line between Stuttgart and Ulm. In parallel, we explored through semi-structured interviews the intangible changes, in the long implementation of the project, the relations between the actors according to the levels represented as well as the image of the city of Stuttgart. ; Les projets de rénovation de gare et de quartier de gare sont nombreux dans les métropoles européennes suscitant un intérêt prolixe chez les géographes au sujet des enjeux fonciers et des recompositions des jeux d'acteurs à l'œuvre dans ces longs projets. Deux éléments forment l'originalité de notre sujet : d'une part l'étude multiscalaire d'un axe transnational européen (La Magistrale européenne Paris-Budapest) consacré à la grande vitesse dont notre terrain, Stuttgart, constituerait le pivot ; d'autre part l'appréhension de la contestation à Stuttgart 21 à travers une analyse spatio-temporelle inédite de la lutte pour, par et sur l'espace. L'ancrage territorial de notre étude repose sur la ville-capitale du Land allemand du Bade-Wurtemberg qui apparaît comme une des régions les plus compétitives de l'UE et historiquement impliquée dans ses instances. Notre travail a permis de comprendre comment le projet d'aménagement ferroviaire et urbain, Stuttgart 21, a modifié matériellement l'urbanisme du centre-ville et l'ensemble des espaces régionaux concernés par la nouvelle LGV entre Stuttgart et Ulm. En parallèle nous avons exploré, à l'aide d'entretiens semi-directifs, les changements immatériels, durant la longue mise en place du projet, aussi bien des relations entre les acteurs selon les échelons représentés, que l'image de la ville de Stuttgart.

Various areas of social and economic life and their changes during the political transformation after 1989 have been studied and analyzed by Polish sociologists. It seems that one of the areas that has been left out and which constitutes a terra incognita is the world of sport. As in other areas, individual and collective social actors who organized, managed or participated in the world of sport had to come to terms with the new social, economic and political order. That is why the transformation seen through their eyes and what they did, their motivations and ways of coping with changes are interesting and broaden our knowledge about the transformation period. In the article, I present a fragment of my own research on the course and effects of political transformation, based on the example of a multi-sectional Workers' Sports Club Stoczniowiec Gdańsk (currently GKS Stoczniowiec Gdańsk). I was interested in the struggles of people who organized sport, which they had to face in the period of transformation. I was interested in how they experienced the clash with the emerging new social order. What strategies they adopted in their organizational activities and their practices during the transformation. The case study is treated as a field study and a conceptual pilot study which is a starting point for further exploration. I used two methods: desk research (among others, press articles, club information, official data, statistical data were collected) and in-depth interviews (IDI) with social actors operating in the sports club. The analytical framework for the study consists of three dimensions of transformation, namely the economic, political and legal, and social ones. The theoretical foundations, on the other hand, are the perspectives of new institutionalism, especially the theory of fields by Fligstein and McAdam and the concept of deinstitutionalization by Christine Oliver. ; Różne obszary życia społecznego i gospodarczego i ich przemian w toku transformacji ustrojowej po 1989 roku były przedmiotem badań i analiz polskich socjologów. Wydaje się, że jednym z obszarów, który pozostał pominięty, stanowi "białą plamę", jest świat sportu. Podobnie jak w innych obszarach, indywidualni i zbiorowi aktorzy społeczni, którzy świat sportu organizowali, zarządzali nim lub w nim uczestniczyli, musieli się zmagać z nowym porządkiem społecznym, ekonomicznym i politycznym. Dlatego obraz transformacji ich oczami, a także działania, które podejmowali, motywacje i sposoby radzenia sobie ze zmianami są interesujące i poszerzają wiedzę o okresie przemian. W artykule prezentuję fragment własnych badań nad przebiegiem i skutkami transformacji ustrojowej na przykładzie wielosekcyjnego Robotniczego Klub Sportowego Stoczniowiec Gdańsk (obecnie GKS Stoczniowiec Gdańsk). Interesują mnie zmagania osób, które organizowały sport, z okresem przemian, a przede wszystkim to, w jaki sposób doświadczały zderzenia z nastającym nowym porządkiem społecznym. Jakie strategie podejmowały w swoich działaniach i praktykach organizacyjnych w czasie transformacji. W rekapitulowanym badaniu studium przypadku jest trak­towane jako terenowy i koncepcyjny pilotaż, będący wyjściem do dalszej eksploracji. W studium przypadku korzystałem z dwóch metod: analizy danych zastanych (desk research) (zgromadzono m.in. artykuły prasowe, informacje klubowe, dane urzędowe, dane statystyczne) oraz wywiadów pogłębionych (IDI) z aktorami społecznym działającymi w klubie sportowym. Ramą analityczną dla badania są trzy wymiary transformacji: ekonomiczny, polityczno-prawny oraz społeczny. Natomiast fundamenty teoretyczne to perspektywy nowego instytucjonalizmu, szczególnie teoria pól Fligsteina i McAdama oraz koncepcja deinstytucjonalizacji Christine Oliver.

Aim of the Study: In wars, epidemics and similar disasters, with the concern of meeting domestic needs, the first thing that comes to mind is usually to improve the import as much as possible by restricting exports. This kind of behavioral models of countries means getting away from the general atmosphere of Globalization and entering the atmosphere of Nationalization. In this study, we will evaluate how Nationalization can be instead of Globalization, what should be understood from nationalization by the "National Economy" approach and application of Hjalmar Schacht, which can be accepted as a good nationalization practice. In the light of all this information, the effect of nationalization on financial statements will be studied. -- Methodology of the Study: After the relationship and differences between globalization and nationalization are put forward in a theoretical dimension, the case of Hjalmar Schacht, which presents a concrete practical application of the phenomenon of "nationhood", which is the basis of nationalization, will be analyzed. -- Findings of the Study: Based on the fact that globalization and nationalization have some specific advantages and disadvantages, it is theoretically has been revealed that nationalization has a strong fan population when undesirable situations occur, the globalization advocates sound stronger in the good and problem-free periods, and the globalization- nationalization duality has effects and important changes on the financial structure. -- Importance of the Study: This is a multi-titled study that deals with a wide range of diverse and multifaceted issues, such as the concepts of globalization and nationalization, national economy for nationalization, handling of Hjalmar Schaht's national economy application in particular to national economy and the impact of bad and troubled periods (wars, epidemics etc.), which are the trigger of localization, on the financial structure, and evaluated together by establishing a relation between them. --- ; Calismanin Amaci: Savaslar, salginlar v.b. felaketlerde ulke ici ihtiyaclari karsilayabilmek kaygisi ile genelde akla ilk gelen ihracati kisitlayarak, mumkun oldukca ithalati gelistirmektir. Ulkelerin bu turden davranis modelleri haliyle Kuresellesmenin genel atmosferinden uzaklasilarak Millilesme atmosferine girilmesi anlamina gelmektedir. Bu calismada da Kuresellesme (Globalization) yerine Millilesme (Nationalization)'nin nasil olabilecegi, Millilesme'den ne anlasilmasi gerektigi ve iyi bir millilesme uygulamasi olarak kabul edilebilecek olan Hjalmar Schacht'in "Milli Ekonomi" yaklasim ve uygulamasi uzerinden degerlendirmelerde bulunulacaktir. Tum bu bilgiler isiginda Millilesme'nin finansal tablolara etkisi irdelenmeye calisilacaktir. -- Calismanin Metodolojisi: Kuresellesme ve Millilesme arasindaki iliski ve farkliliklar teorik boyutta ortaya konulduktan sonra Millilesme'de aslolan "millilik" olgusunun somut bir uygulama pratigini sunan Hjalmar Schacht ornegi analiz edilecektir. -- Calismanin Bulgulari: Kuresellesmenin ve Milllesmenin kendine ozgu bir takim anavtaj ve dezavantajlari oldugundan hareketle Millilesmenin genellikle istenmeyen durumlar yasandiginda kuvvetli bir taraftar populasyonuna sahip oldugu, iyi ve sorunsuiz donemlerde Kuresellesme yanlilarinn daha kuvvetli ses cikardigi, kuresellesmemillilesme ikilimenin finansal yapi uzerinde etkileri oldugu ve onemli degisiklikleri barindirdigi teorik olarak ortaya konulmustur. -- Calismanin Onemi: Kuresellesme-Milllesme kavramlari, Millilesme icin de Milli Ekonomi, Milli Ekonomi ozelinde Hjalmar Schacht'in milli ekonomi uygulamasinin ele alinmasi, Yerellesme tetikleyicisi olan kotu ve sikintili donemlerin (savas, salginlar v.b.) finansal yapi uzerindeki etkisi gibi cok cesitli ve aralarinda baginti kurularak birlikte bir potada eritilmeye calisilan cok yonlu konularin ele alindigi genis kapsamli ve cok baslikli bir calisma olmasidir. ; peer-reviewed

В статье освещены вопросы музеефикации археологических памятников Ахсикента. Цель статьи – рассмотрение Ахсикента, который является единственным наиболее полно исследованным историческим городищем Ферганы, где в результате археологических исследований была найдена керамика, в которой плавили железо и медь с территории Шахристана, а также металлические печи из мастерских ремесленников. Методы исследования. Археологическое изучение памятника, который описывается как «Ферганский Афросиёб», началось в 1885 году. Результаты исследования. Раскопки показали, что в мастерских Ахсикента изготавливались различные предметы, начиная от самых простых металлических, используемых для строительства и ведения хозяйства, вплоть до мечей и кинжалов, способных разрезать камни и не ломающихся при сгибании. Автор также подчеркивает, что предметы, найденные на территории городища, говорят о высоком уровне развития различных ремесел: гончарного дела, металлургии бронзы, ткачества, ювелирного дела и др. В статье также описываются методы химической консервации памятников, предлагаются конкретные шаги по восстановлению исторического памятника, такие как: восстановление древнего средневекового облика Ахсикента с рисунками и рельефами, на которых изображены пейзажи Ахсикента; демонстрация политического, социального и экономического состояния Ахсикента (письменности, медицинских статей, монет); обнародование декоративно-прикладного искусства, созданного ремесленниками (керамики, стеклянной посуды, ювелирных изделий), предметов, связанных с военным искусством (оружия воинов, стрелы-луки), архитектурных сооружений (фрагментов архитектурного убранства, фундаментов, изделий из камня, керамических труб, настенной живописи). Делается вывод о том, что было бы целесообразно организовать многосторонее, глубокое и тщательное изучения памятника Ахсикент путем привлечения соответствующих разных специалистов, превратить Ахсикент в музей под открытым небом и внедрить данную местность в международные туристические направления. ; The article is devoted to the issues of Ahsikent's archaeological sites museumification. The aim of the article is to consider Ahsikent, which is the only thoroughly explored historical city of Ferghana, where as a result of archeological studies pottery in which iron and copper from Shakhristan were melted, as well as metal furnaces from artisans' trade shops were found. Methods of study. The archaeological study of the site, which is described as "Fergana Afrosiyob", began in 1885. The results of the research. Excavations have shown that in the trade shops of Ahsikent various objects made with simplest metal and used for building and housekeeping, as well as swords and kargases that are capable to cut stones and not break when bending. The author also outlines that items found on the territory of Ahsikent indicate a high level of development of various crafts: pottery, metallurgy of bronze, contexture, jewelry, etc. The article also describes the methods of chemical conservation of sites, in particular, specific steps to restore the historical site of the The article also describes methods of chemical preservation of sites, specific steps to restore the historical site are proposed, among them: restoration of the ancient medieval appearance of Ahsikent with drawings and reliefs that depict the landscapes of Ahsikent; demonstration of the political, social and economic state of Ahsikent (writing, medical articles, coins); publication of decorative and applied art created by artisans (ceramics, glassware, jewelry), items related to military art (weapons of soldiers, arrows, bows), architectural structures (fragments of architectural decoration, foundations, stone products, ceramic pipes, wall paintings). It is concluded that it would be advisable to organize a multi-sided, deep and thorough study of the site of Ahsikent by attracting appropriate different specialists, turn Ahsikent into an open-air museum and introduce this area to international tourist destinations.

Tesina (Maestría en Paisaje y Turismo Rural).- Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Córdoba, 2020. ; Esta tesina ha tenido como objetivo analizar, desde la perspectiva de los actores, el proceso de extracción, transformación y comercialización del ámbar en el contexto mexicano y dominicano. Se acudió a una metodología cualitativa de tipo etnográfica teniendo como técnicas principales: entrevista abierta y semiestructurada, diario de campo, revisión documental y obtención de material audiovisual. El trabajo de campo fue multisituado. Durante los meses de junio a agosto de 2019, se realizó trabajo de campo en Simojovel de Allende, municipio que sobresale en Chiapas por la cantidad de minas, mineros y artesanos que trabajan el ámbar. Se visitaron también talleres, museos y espacios de comercialización en San Cristóbal de la Casas y en Tuxtla Gutiérrez. Durante los meses de septiembre a noviembre de 2019, se hizo trabajo de campo en La Cumbre, región de Santiago y El Valle región de Hato Mayor del Rey en República Dominicana. En ambos contextos se obtuvo información de mineros, artesanos, comercializadores, intermediarios y personal de instancias culturales y gubernamentales. Se realizaron 26 entrevistas, 15 para el caso del ámbar mexicano y 11 para el caso del ámbar dominicano. Los resultados señalan diversas dificultades en la extracción, transformación y comercialización de la resina de ambos contextos. Se realiza un comparativo de las diferencias y convergencias al respecto. Se concluye que se requieren alianzas estratégicas entre mineros, artesanos, instancias culturales, ambientales, económicas, empresariales, turísticas y de investigación, para desarrollar acciones con incidencia en las condiciones de vida y de trabajo de los actores que participan en diferentes momentos del trabajo artesano del ámbar mexicano y dominicano. _______________ MEXICAN AND DOMINICAN AMBER: AN ANALYSIS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF ITS ACTORS. ABSTRACT: This thesis has aimed to analyze, from the perspective of the actors, the process of extraction, transformation and commercialization of amber in the Mexican and Dominican context. A qualitative ethnographic methodology was used, having as main techniques: open and semi-structured interview, field diary, documentary review and obtaining audiovisual material. The field work was multi-sited. During the months of June to August 2019, field work was carried out in Simojovel de Allende, a municipality that stands out in Chiapas for the number of mines, miners and artisans who work amber. Also examine workshops, museums and commercial spaces in San Cristóbal de la Casas and Tuxtla Gutiérrez. During the months of September to November 2019, field work was carried out in La Cumbre, Santiago region and El Valle, Hato Mayor del Rey region in the Dominican Republic. In both contexts, information was obtained from miners, artisans, traders, intermediaries, and personnel from cultural and governmental instances. 26 interviews were conducted, 15 for the case of Mexican amber and 11 for the case of Dominican amber. The results indicate various difficulties in the extraction, transformation and commercialization of the resin from both contexts. A comparison of the differences and convergences in this regard is carried out. It is concluded that strategic alliances are required between miners, artisans, cultural, environmental, economic, business, tourism and research entities, to develop actions with an impact on the living and working conditions of the actors who participate in different moments of artisan work. of Mexican and Dominican amber.

Dissertação de Mestrado em Energia para a Sustentabilidade apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia ; Atualmente, uma das maiores preocupações mundiais é a mudança climática e seus efeitos irreversíveis no equilíbrio dos ecossistemas da Terra. Portanto, várias instituições, organizações e governos estão desenvolvendo políticas, medidas e tecnologias para mitigar esses efeitos. Nesse contexto, a eletrificação dos sistemas de transporte público desempenha um papel decisivo em termos de atenuação das emissões de gases de efeito estufa. Além disso, os veículos elétricos possuem muitas vantagens quando comparados aos seus equivalentes de combustíveis fósseis, incluindo melhoria da qualidade do ar, redução de ruído e melhoria da eficiência energética. Apesar desses benefícios, os veículos elétricos ainda sofrem com a baixa autonomia e recargas demoradas da bateria. Para fornecer soluções para esses problemas e aumentar a viabilidade da mobilidade elétrica, o desenvolvimento de tecnologias nas infraestruturas de carregamento, métodos de controle e capacidade de baterias torna-se crucial. Neste contexto, a presente pesquisa fornece uma abordagem para o planejamento da infraestrutura de carregamento de um sistema de Autocarro de Trânsito Rápido (BRT), que trata da minimização dos custos de implementação das estações de carregamento rápido. O trabalho apresenta inicialmente um estudo de Análise de Decisão Multicritérios afim de avaliar quais tipos de sistemas de trânsito rápido podem oferecer uma solução mais conveniente em áreas metropolitanas. O principal objetivo desta análise é avaliar se um sistema de BRT pode ser uma solução viável para esse fim, quando comparado a outros sistemas de trânsito rápido. Em seguida, um modelo de Programação Linear Inteira Mista é desenvolvido para otimizar a localização das estações de carregamento rápido em uma rede BRT, considerando o custo de implementação, número de carregadores, tempo total de carregamento e ciclo de vida da bateria. ; Nowadays, one of the biggest concerns worldwide is Climate Change and its irreversible effects on the balance of the Earth's ecosystems. Therefore, several institutions, organizations, and governments are developing policies, measures, and technologies to mitigate such effects. In this context, the electrification of public transportation systems plays a decisive role in greenhouse gas emissions attenuation. Moreover, electric vehicles have many advantages when compared to their fossil fuel counterparts, including air quality improvement, noise reduction, and energy efficiency enhancement. Despite those benefits, electric vehicles still suffer from the low driving range, and the time-consuming battery recharges. To provide solutions to those issues and to increase the feasibility of electric mobility, the development of technologies in charging infrastructures, control methods, and battery capacity becomes crucial. In this context, the present research provides a framework for the planning of the charging infrastructure of a Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) system dealing with the minimization of the implementation costs of fast-charging stations. The work initially presents a Multi-criteria Decision Analysis study to assess which types of rapid transit systems can offer a more convenient solution for metropolitan areas. The main objective of this analysis is to evaluate whether a BRT system can be a viable solution for this purpose when compared to other rapid transit systems. Then a Mixed Integer Linear Programming model is developed to optimize the location of fast-charging stations in a BRT network, considering the cost of implementation, number of chargers, total charging time, and battery life cycle.

Artículo escrito por un elevado número de autores, sólo se referencian el que aparece en primer lugar, el nombre del grupo de colaboración, si le hubiera, y los autores pertenecientes a la UAM ; Multi-particle azimuthal cumulants are measured as a function of centrality and transverse momentum using 470 μb−1 of Pb+Pb collisions at √sNN = 5.02 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. These cumulants provide information on the event-by-event fluctuations of harmonic flow coefficients vn and correlated fluctuations between two harmonics vn and vm. For the first time, a non-zero four-particle cumulant is observed for dipolar flow, v1. The four-particle cumulants for elliptic flow, v2, and triangular flow, v3, exhibit a strong centrality dependence and change sign in ultra-central collisions. This sign change is consistent with significant non-Gaussian fluctuations in v2 and v3. The four-particle cumulant for quadrangular flow, v4, is found to change sign in mid-central collisions. Correlations between two harmonics are studied with three- and four-particle mixed-harmonic cumulants, which indicate an anti-correlation between v2 and v3, and a positive correlation between v2 and v4. These correlations decrease in strength towards central collisions and either approach zero or change sign in ultra-central collisions. To investigate the possible flow fluctuations arising from intrinsic centrality or volume fluctuations, the results are compared between two different event classes used for centrality definitions. In peripheral and mid-central collisions where the cumulant signals are large, only small differences are observed. In ultra-central collisions, the differences are much larger and transverse momentum dependent. These results provide new information to disentangle flow fluctuations from the initial and final states, as well as new insights on the influence of centrality fluctuations ; We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWFW and FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF and DNSRC, Denmark; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DRF/IRFU, France; SRNSFG, Georgia; BMBF, HGF, and MPG, Germany; GSRT, Greece; RGC, Hong Kong SAR, China; ISF and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW and NCN, Poland; FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MES of Russia and NRC KI, Russian Federation; JINR; MESTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MIZS, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; ˇ MINECO, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SERI, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; MOST, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America. In addition, individual groups and members have received support from BCKDF, CANARIE, CRC and Compute Canada, Canada; COST, ERC, ERDF, Horizon 2020, and Marie Sk lodowska-Curie Actions, European Union; Investissements d' Avenir Labex and Idex, ANR, France; DFG and AvH Foundation, Germany; Herakleitos, Thales and Aristeia programmes co-financed by EU-ESF and the Greek NSRF, Greece; BSF-NSF and GIF, Israel; CERCA Programme Generalitat de Catalunya, Spain; The Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom

The article is devoted to the study of legal issues of information security, in particular in the field of cyber security in Central and Eastern Europe in the context of the analysis of their national cyber security strategies and relevant regulations. In the course of this study, attention is paid to the analysis of legal norms that provide effective protection of cybersecurity of the state. There are analyzed the peculiarities of the functioning of the institutional and legal mechanism of cyber defense in the context of the legislative regulation of international cooperation between state institutions and national security structures. The necessity of developing a coordinated policy of cyber security of the EU country's in order to unify approaches provide to information security and improve the regulatory framework for cyber security is substantiated. Particular attention is paid to the study of regulatory and legal provision of information security in Central and Eastern Europe in the context of studying their national cyber strategies as an inherent component of national security, in particular in terms of diversification of external relations in a multi-vector system of international security. The analysis of the legal framework of the cybersecurity system in Eastern and Central Europe shows the dominant role of intelligence services in ensuring the cyber security of the state. Therefore, international cooperation on unified approaches to combating cyber threats in the information space somewhat limited in nature. Accordingly, the current realities of national security policy in EU country's require comprehensive research in the context of the development of effective mechanisms for protecting the information space, the study of political and legal mechanisms for building information security. However, the approaches to information security adopted in the European Union are currently not unified. Therefore, research, evaluation and implementation of the positive experience of each EU country in this area are important in building the information security system of the European Union. ; Стаття присвячена дослідженню питань правового гарантування інформаційної безпеки, зокрема у сфері кіберзахисту в державах Центрально-Східної Європи в контексті аналізу їхніх національних Стратегій кібербезпеки та відповідних нормативно-правових актів. У процесі даного дослідження приділено увагу аналізу правових норм, які сприяють ефективному захисту кібербезпеки держави. Аналізуються особливості функціонування інституційно-правового механізму кіберзахисту в контексті законодавчої реґламентації міжнародного співробітництва між державними інституціями та структурами національної безпеки. Обґрунтовується необхідність вироблення узгодженої політики кіберзахисту держав Європейського Союзу в контексті інформаційної політики Європейського Союзу з метою уніфікації підходів щодо забезпечення інформаційного захисту та вдосконалення нормативно-правової бази гарантування інформаційної безпеки. Особлива увага приділяється особливостям правового гарантування інформаційної безпеки країн Європейського Союзу в контексті дослідження їхніх національних кіберстратегій як іманентної складової частини національної безпеки, зокрема з погляду диверсифікації зовнішніх відносин у багатовекторній системі міжнародної безпеки. Проведений аналіз нормативно-правових основ системи кібербезпеки країн Східної та Центральної Європи свідчить про домінантну роль спецслужб у гарантуванні кібернетичної безпеки. У зв'язку із цим міжнародна співпраця стосовно уніфікованих підходів до боротьби з кіберзагрозами в інформаційному просторі має дещо обмежений характер. Сучасні реалії політики національної безпеки країн Європейського Союзу потребують комплексних досліджень у контексті забезпечення розроблення ефективних механізмів захисту інформаційного простору, дослідження політичних та правових механізмів побудови інформаційної безпеки. Водночас підходи до інформаційної безпеки, поширені в Європейському Союзі, нині не є уніфікованими. Тому дослідження, оцінка та реалізація позитивного досвіду кожної країни Європейського Союзу в цій сфері важливі під час побудови системи інформаційної безпеки Європейського Союзу.

Table A.3 is only available at the CDS via anonymous ftp to http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (ftp://130.79.128.5) or via http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/642/A115 ; Context. The relevance of M dwarfs in the search for potentially habitable Earth-sized planets has grown significantly in the last years. Aims. In our on-going effort to comprehensively and accurately characterise confirmed and potential planet-hosting M dwarfs, in particular for the CARMENES survey, we have carried out a comprehensive multi-band photometric analysis involving spectral energy distributions, luminosities, absolute magnitudes, colours, and spectral types, from which we have derived basic astrophysical parameters. Methods. We have carefully compiled photometry in 20 passbands from the ultraviolet to the mid-infrared, and combined it with the latest parallactic distances and close-multiplicity information, mostly from Gaia DR2, of a sample of 2479 K5 V to L8 stars and ultracool dwarfs, including 2210 nearby, bright M dwarfs. For this, we made extensive use of Virtual Observatory tools. Results. We have homogeneously computed accurate bolometric luminosities and effective temperatures of 1843 single stars, derived their radii and masses, studied the impact of metallicity, and compared our results with the literature. The over 40 000 individually inspected magnitudes, together with the basic data and derived parameters of the stars, individual and averaged by spectral type, have been made public to the astronomical community. In addition, we have reported 40 new close multiple systems and candidates (ρ < 3.3 arcsec) and 36 overluminous stars that are assigned to young Galactic populations. Conclusions. In the new era of exoplanet searches around M dwarfs via transit (e.g. TESS, PLATO) and radial velocity (e.g. CARMENES, NIRPS+HARPS), this work is of fundamental importance for stellar and therefore planetary parameter determination. © ESO 2020. ; CARMENES is an instrument for the Centro Astronomico Hispano-Aleman de Calar Alto (CAHA, Almeria, Spain). CARMENES is funded by the German Max-Planck-Gesellschaft (MPG), the Spanish Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), the European Union through FEDER/ERF FICTS-2011-02 funds, and the members of the CARMENES Consortium (Max-Planck-Institut fur Astronomie, Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia, Landessternwarte Konigstuhl, Institut de Ciencies de l'Espai, Insitut fur Astrophysik Gottingen,Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Thuringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg, Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, Hamburger Sternwarte, Centro de Astrobiologia and Centro Astronomico Hispano-Aleman), with additional contributions by the Spanish Ministry of Economy, the German Science Foundation through the Major Research Instrumentation Programme and DFG Research Unit FOR2544 "Blue Planets around Red Stars", the Klaus Tschira Stiftung, the states of Baden-Wurttemberg and Niedersachsen, and by the Junta de Andalucia. This work was partly financed by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through grants AYA2016-79425-C3-1/2/3-P and BES-2017-080769, and by NASA through grant NNX17AG24G. C.C., F.J.A.P., R.D., and G.H. compiled data for this work during their MSc theses at the Universidad Complutense de Madrid. This publication made use of VOSA and the Filter Profile Service, developed and maintained by the Spanish Virtual Observatory through grant AYA2017-84089, the SIMBAD database, the Aladin sky atlas, and the VizieR catalogue access tool developed at CDS, Strasbourg Observatory, France, and the Python libraries Matplotlib, NumPy, SciPy and collection of software packages AstroPy. ; Peer reviewed

Bahnhöfe- und Bahnhofsviertelprojekte sind zahlreich in den europäischen Metropolen. Sie schaffen eine weitschweifige Bedeutung, für die Geographen, über Bodenthema und neue Darstellung der Akteure Spielen in diesen langen Projekten. Zwei Beiträge bilden die Besonderheit unserer Doktorarbeit: einerseits die mehrebene Studie/Analyse eines europäischen und transnationalen Verkehrsweges (die europäische Magistrale Paris-Budapest) gewidmet die Hochgeschwindigkeit mit unserem Forschungsfeld, Stuttgart, als das Zentrum unseres Bereiches; andererseits die Befürchtung der Opposition gegen Stuttgart 21, durch einen ganz neuen raum- und zeitlichen Studium der Streit bei, durch und auf dem Raum. Die räumliche Verankerung unserer Doktorarbeit ruht auf der Landeshauptstadt von Baden-Württemberg. Dieses Land erscheint wie eine der europäischen höchsten wettbewerbsfähigen Länder und die, schon lange Zeit, in der europäischen Institutionen teilt vor. Unsere Arbeit trägt zu der Stadtanalyse bei, wie das stadt- und schien Entwicklungsprojekt, Stuttgart 21, hat, praktisch weise die Stadtplanung der Innenstadt und allen regionalen Räumen auf die Neubaustrecke Stuttgart-Ulm verändert. In der langen Zeit der Einsetzung des Projekts und dank Tiefeninterview, unsere Arbeit demonstriert, die immateriellen Änderungen der Beziehungen zwischen, Akteuren nach der Rangstufe, und der Widerspiegelung der Stadt. ; Numerous renovation projects for train stations and their districts are set in European metropolises and arouse extensive interest among geographers on land issues and the reorganization of the actors' interactions in these long projects. The originality of this thesis resides in two elements: the multi-scale study of an European transnational axis (the European Magistrale Paris-Budapest) devoted to high speed rails, of which our field, Stuttgart, would constitute the pivot on the one hand; and the apprehension of the protest against Stuttgart 21 through an unprecedented spatio-temporal analysis of the struggle for, by and over space, on the other hand. The territorial anchorage of our study is based on the capital city of the German Land of Baden-Württemberg, which appears to be one of the most competitive regions in the EU and historically involved in its political bodies. Our work has enabled us to understand how the railway and urban development project, Stuttgart 21, materially modified the urban planning of the city center and all the regional spaces affected by the new high-speed line between Stuttgart and Ulm. In parallel, we explored through semi-structured interviews the intangible changes, in the long implementation of the project, the relations between the actors according to the levels represented as well as the image of the city of Stuttgart. ; Les projets de rénovation de gare et de quartier de gare sont nombreux dans les métropoles européennes suscitant un intérêt prolixe chez les géographes au sujet des enjeux fonciers et des recompositions des jeux d'acteurs à l'œuvre dans ces longs projets. Deux éléments forment l'originalité de notre sujet : d'une part l'étude multiscalaire d'un axe transnational européen (La Magistrale européenne Paris-Budapest) consacré à la grande vitesse dont notre terrain, Stuttgart, constituerait le pivot ; d'autre part l'appréhension de la contestation à Stuttgart 21 à travers une analyse spatio-temporelle inédite de la lutte pour, par et sur l'espace. L'ancrage territorial de notre étude repose sur la ville-capitale du Land allemand du Bade-Wurtemberg qui apparaît comme une des régions les plus compétitives de l'UE et historiquement impliquée dans ses instances. Notre travail a permis de comprendre comment le projet d'aménagement ferroviaire et urbain, Stuttgart 21, a modifié matériellement l'urbanisme du centre-ville et l'ensemble des espaces régionaux concernés par la nouvelle LGV entre Stuttgart et Ulm. En parallèle nous avons exploré, à l'aide d'entretiens semi-directifs, les changements immatériels, durant la longue mise en place du projet, aussi bien des relations entre les acteurs selon les échelons représentés, que l'image de la ville de Stuttgart.

Purpose. The study aims to diagnose the tourist attractiveness of the Świętokrzyskie voivodeship poviats based on features of the geographical and socio-economic environment. The recognition of local development problems regarding organisation in local action groups that affect the creation of the tourist function of a village and the creation of new tourist products are also assessed by residents.
Method. Principal Component Analysis was used as the research method, in which the process of reducing multidimensionality, i.e. reducing the number of features, occurs. A smaller number of new variables explains and simplifies the interpretation of the phenomenon with little information loss. The components are the result of data reduction and a way to obtain a simplified image of the relationship based on the correlation structure between the observed features. Fourteen Świętokrzyskie poviats were analysed due to 10 features that express the multi-faceted nature of the local economy in the aspect of tourist attractiveness and entrepreneurship for 2018. Then, using the hierarchical Ward method, types of poviats with a similar structure of phenomena related to the tourist development of the area were presented. The obtained components can be treated as the main meta-features of the structural dimension of the attractiveness and entrepreneurship space of the Świętokrzyskie region.
Findings. It has been shown is studies that tourism plays one of the key roles in the development of a region. It is an important element of activating the local economy. The 3 calculated main components explain 78.1% of the variation of the original features. The following names for the given factors may be suggested: "poviat entrepreneurship" (explained by the first component - containing 43% variability of the original features), "accommodation and transport availability" (second component - 19% variation of the original features), "EU funding" (third component -16% variation of original features). The classification indicates the similarity of poviats within the distinguished classes from the point of view of more than one factor measuring the level of urbanisation of the area. Four classes of poviats can be distinguished: the first class is the city of Kielce, the second – the buski and kielecki poviats, the third, which is very numerous – 10 poviats and the fourth – the kazimiersk poviat
Research and conclusions limitations. The survey studies were conducted in 2018 on a small sample of 60 people, which does not allow to draw general conclusions, but their results may facilitate the diagnosis of tourism development. Gestors and local government officials involved in local action groups, who agreed to assess the strengths and weaknesses of tourism at their place of residence, were selected for the survey.
Practical implications. The work may be of significance to various decision-making entities interested in the structure and position of their poviat in comparison to other poviats. The study is an assessment and diagnosis of the state of local development related to tourism. The actions implemented for the development of tourism infrastructure, the use of EU subsidies in poviats and the degree of implementation of the activities adopted in the tourism development strategy were identified.
Originality.Detection of unknown dependencies and regularities in tourism economy among spatial systems using multidimensional methods. Comprehensive development using a quantitative and qualitative approach.
Type of paper. A case study - counties of the Swiętokrzyskie voivodeship