An Updated Focus on Quadruplex Structures as Potential Therapeutic Targets in Cancer
Abstract
Non-canonical, four-stranded nucleic acids secondary structures are present within regulatory regions in the human genome and transcriptome. To date, these quadruplex structures include both DNA and RNA G-quadruplexes, formed in guanine-rich sequences, and i-Motifs, found in cytosine-rich sequences, as their counterparts. Quadruplexes have been extensively associated with cancer, playing an important role in telomere maintenance and control of genetic expression of several oncogenes and tumor suppressors. Therefore, quadruplex structures are considered attractive molecular targets for cancer therapeutics with novel mechanisms of action. In this review, we provide a general overview about recent research on the implications of quadruplex structures in cancer, firstly gathering together DNA G-quadruplexes, RNA G-quadruplexes as well as DNA i-Motifs. ; This study was supported by 3TR, IMI2 (H2020-JTI538 IMI2-2018) and by Instituto de Salud Carlos III under the frame of EuroNanoMed III (AC18/00008) to J.A.G.S. The Government of Spain granted with PhD fellowship FPU16/05822 to V.S.M. ; Yes
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