Suchergebnisse

Throughout the world, city planners and governments grapple with the challenges of urban planning using remarkably similar land use regimes. Yet the realisation is increasing that real urban problems - crime, decay, drug abuse, inequality, depression and alienation - are not easily solved by the classic devices of a strategic plan and a zoning map. Planning regimes are therefore in constant flux, as planners and governments adjust and experiment to address these problems, often with little awareness as to what they are trying to accomplish

The history of urban development, land use planning and housing of the Third World cities remains in stark contrast with those of the rich and developed countries although both share a common thread. Pseudo-urbanization aptly describes development of poorer, former colonial cities where fundamental and structural economic systems are weak and superficial. In such an environment, clashing political and economic interests prevent freer access to land by the masses and the urban poor.Proper land use planning allows governments to efficiently direct the timing and magnitude of public capital investments thereby setting the pace of economic growth and development. On the other hand, ideally, private sector interests in a dynamic marketplace of free enterprise and price mechanism subsequently are able to deliver a land and housing market accessible to most people. In the case of Metro-Manila, a long colonial history bred a feudal land system covering much of agricultural and urban lands, which perpetuated a monopolistic tendency in land ownership. The control, supply and use of much of the urban areas of the city were in the hands of a few, and urban planning if there was any was but a de-facto corporate-driven or property-led process that favored select private interests. It is in urban housing where the greatest inequality stares everyone in the eye.The urban land use dichotomy of Metro-Manila consists of formal and informal land use elements interspersed with one another. One is formal, planned and legal whilst the other is extralegal, unregulated, informal and self-appropriated as in slums and squatter areas. The first critical step to address this problem is to recognize that the informal sector is a large source of untapped capital that needs to be brought into the mainstream of economic activity. This can make wealth generation possible for the urban poor once some form of acceptable property rights over their assets is established. This presumes that access to urban lands by the informal sector is made ...

This entry has been realised in the framework of the H2020-MSCA-RISE-2018 project "LoGov - Local Government and the Changing Urban-Rural Interplay". LoGov aims to provide solutions for local governments that address the fundamental challenges resulting from urbanisation. To address this complex issue, 18 partners from 17 countries and six continents share their expertise and knowledge in the realms of public law, political science, and public administration. LoGov identifies, evaluates, compares, and shares innovative practices that cope with the impact of changing urban-rural relations in five major local government areas: (1) local responsibilities and public services, (2) local financial arrangements, (3) structure of local government, (4) intergovernmental relations of local governments, and (5) people's participation in local decision-making. The present entry addresses local responsibilities and public services in Ethiopia. The entry forms part of the LoGov Report on Ethiopia. To access the full version of the report on Ethiopia, other practices regarding responsibilities and public services and to receive more information about the project, please visit: https://www.logov-rise.eu/. This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 823961.