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Cover -- Half Title -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Manhood Development: Concepts and Strategies -- Afrocultural Integrity and the Social Development of African-American Children: Some Conceptual, Empirical, and Practical Considerations -- Managing Anger: Protective, Proactive, or Adaptive Racial Socialization Identity Profiles and African-American Manhood Development -- Promoting Critical Consciousness in Young, African-American Men -- The RAAMUS Academy: Evaluation of an Edu-Cultural Intervention for Young African-American Males -- The Spiritual Well-Being of African-Americans: A Preliminary Analysis -- The Balance and Connection of Manhood and Womanhood Training -- Prospects and Challenges for African-American Manhood -- Index

Front Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- List of Figures -- Preface -- Introduction -- 1. A Female Researcher in a Gecekondu Neighbourhood -- 2. Internal Migration and Gecekondu Communities in Turkey -- 3. Building a Gecekondu Neighbourhood, Community and Identity -- 4. Urban Reforms in Ege -- 5. Dissolving of the Community -- 6. A Society in Transition -- Conclusion -- Abbreviations -- Glossary -- Notes -- Bibliography

Although neotraditional architecture largely focuses on promoting sense of community (SOC), it has the potential to influence environmentalism in residents as well. In October 2002, the authors conducted a mail survey of 1,611 middleclass homeowners in Gainesville, Florida, to determine if there were differences in SOC and environmental behaviors, attitudes, and knowledge among homeowners from three development types (traditional, post–World War II, and neotraditional). The neotraditional community reported the strongest SOC among the development types. In terms of environmental behaviors, attitudes, and knowledge, however, the neotraditional communitywas not more environmentally friendly than were the post– World War II communities and it was considerably less so than was the traditional community. The results suggest that neotraditional design could play a role in influencing homeowners'SOC but that it may not go far enough in terms of promoting the environmental behaviors and awareness needed to form sustainable communities.

An examination of the nature of the organization of urban communities in Nigeria in the context of the government's interest in mobilizing urban populations for development, identifying three broad historical periods -- precolonial, colonial, & postcolonial -- during which urban organization underwent significant changes. These periods are closely associated with dominant modes of production that define the interactive environment for the urban communities. During the precolonial period, kinship relationships provided the most pervasive mechanisms for economic integration & cities were organized on this basis in neighborhoods or quarters. Kinship relationships also governed access to land, occupational skills, & social status, & restricted geographic mobility. During the colonial regime, capitalist social relations came to dominate the organization of urban communities. Land became a negotiable commodity & the basis for rent-taking in urban centers. Geographic mobility, especially rural-to-urban migrations, became the order of the day encouraging the division of the population into landlords & tenants. In spite of the British indirect rule system & its attempt to perpetuate ethnic divisions of urban communities through deliberate segregational policies, clientele relationships cutting across ethnic, cultural, & class lines came to underpin the social organization of cities. In the postcolonial period, economic polarization & deepening class consciousness have resulted in social alienation & negative attitudes toward a state dominated by a bureaucratic bourgeoisie, causing a crisis in urban management. Mobilizing the urban population through neighborhood councils is offered as a possible strategy of reducing their sense of alienation & engaging them in more development & self-help endeavors. 1 Photographs, 15 References. Modified AA

A commercial development model, based on Fujita's monopolistic competition model of spatial agglomeration, addresses firms' decisions to enter urban communities. The model focuses on commercial developers and large department stores, and identifies a potential holdup problem in the commercial development market arising because developers incur costs before negotiating with anchor tenants over profit sharing; the holdup problem is more likely to occur in low‐income communities where the profitability of commercial projects is small. The model predicts that direct incentives to developers are preferred to general tax incentives for addressing this market failure. (JEL R58, H50, H76)