Suchergebnisse

The Transfer of Power Between Presidential Administrations examines the problems that can occur when a new president enters office, with a focus on historical case studies. The transition between presidents--especially when changing parties--is a wildcard in U.S. foreign policy that often confuses or concerns nations engaged with the United States. Though there are systems in place to ensure information gets passed from one administration to another, ideas and their execution can change dramatically when a new president takes office. Using case studies of six different incoming administrations during the Cold War and 21st century, this book will explore how the successes and failures in presidential transitions have had long-term effects on U.S. foreign policy, grand strategy, and international position. Looking at transitions involving multiple presidents, this book offers a fresh perspective on how foreign policy is formulated and carried out. The book ends with an analysis of 21st-century transitions, making this work timely and important. This book will be of interest to students of modern American history, American politics and the modern presidency, and international relations.

PURPOSE OF THIS PAPER IS TO EXAMINE PROBLEMS EXISTING IN THE CHINESE COMMUNIST LEADERSHIP AND DEVELOPMENTS IN SUCCESSION THAT LED TO THE RISE OF HUA KUO-FENG, WHO SUCCEEDED MAO IN 1976. THE POLARIZATION BETWEEN THE 'VETERANS' AND THE CULTURAL REVOLUTION GROUP IS DISCUSSED; THE ENVIRONMENT IN THE POLITICAL BUREAU, THE HIGHEST BODY IN PEKING'S POLITICAL STRUCTURE, IS ALSO EXPLORED.

The article examines the issue of whether there was a regency in the Russian state in the 16th century and the problem of delegation of power. The author comes to the following conclusion: the names of persons who were supposed to assume real power in the country for a certain time in the case of incapacity of the heir under the age were entered into the testaments of the monarchs. Such records were in the testaments of Vasilii III (1533) and Ivan IV (1553, 1554, 1561/1562, 1584). The author of the study believes that although in Russia at the time there was no special legislation on the regency, and there were no terms "regent", "regency" or "board of guardians", it is fair to state that regency actually existed in the 16th century. There could not be the legislation on the regency, with those ideas about power that existed. It was believed that the sovereign receives his power directly from God. Regents made all their decisions on behalf of the monarch, despite the fact that the sovereign himself often could not take part in the affairs of government. The acquisition of additional powers by a few "chosen ones" caused discontent among other courtiers. This led to the fact that after the death of the sovereign, the guardians or regents appointed by him often could not retain their special powers of authority and lost not only power, but also their lives. Everything was decided by the balance of forces in the court.