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Tourism in Asia is growing faster than anywhere else in the world, driven by the increasing wealth of countries like Taiwan, South Korea and Malaysia, and by the huge populations of China, India and Indonesia -the first second and fourth biggest countries in the works. Despite the significance of the tourism industry in this area it is still under researched. Asian Tourism is a unique book and the first to addresses this imbalance by providing a high quality edited collection of chapters which explore the domestic and intraregional tourism in Asia. Divided into three sections it explores: * Policy aspects of tourism development and the role of the public sector exploring issues such as: Cross-national tourism collaboration in Asia, The growth of aviation in Asia and Economic Corridors and Ecotourism. * Changing markets exploring issues such as: The role of Japanese popular culture in Asian tourism, Management Challenges for Bali's Tourism Industry and religious tourism in North India. * Destination and industry responses exploring issues such as: Tourism-Generated Employment in Cambodia, sex workers and tourism in India and responsible destination development in the Philippines. With contributions from well respected and eminent names in the field, Asian Tourism provides a ground breaking insight into topical, industry focused issues while benefiting from academic depth and rigour and an awareness of tourism history in this region.

This paper contributes to the tourism–growth literature by applying the new vector autoregressive-based Granger causality test in the presence of instability to reassess the Granger causality between Hong Kong's tourism and economic growth. The results of the traditional and recursive Granger causality test under the VAR framework show that the tourism-led economic growth hypothesis (TLEGH) and the economy-driven tourism growth hypothesis (EDTGH) are both unstable in Hong Kong. The results of the vector autoregressive-based Granger causality test in the presence of instability generally support bidirectional causality between tourism and economic growth. However, the relationship between tourism and economic growth is vulnerable to sudden major political incidents, public health incidents, and financial crises. Among these incidents and crises, political events have long-term effects on the relationship between Hong Kong's tourism and economic growth. In contrast, economic policies, financial crises, and public health emergencies have short-term impacts on the relationship.

This paper empirically investigates a causal relationship between tourism and economic growth in Georgia for 1997-2018 period by employing ARDLBT approach to cointegration. Results reject economic-driven tourism growth hypothesis for Georgia and reveal that impact of tourism development over economic growth is negative in the long-run, in contrary positive in the short-run. Obtained results suggest that there is a possibility to have a tourism resource curse in the long-term in Georgia. Georgian government should build a tourism strategy to avoid crowding out of human capital from industrial production and decrease the share of imports for the needs of tourism sector.

The development and growth of tourism depend on its sustainability over time and on its benefits for destinations as a whole. However, calculating sustainability is not an easy task. This article focuses on the economic sustainability of tourism growth and, after an exhaustive review of the literature, proposes a quantitative mathematical model to measure it by analysing and calculating leakage in the hotel sector. Leakage analyses the amount of revenue generated by tourists that does not remain in the destination economy. Through a sample of 204 interviews with managers, this study validates the model created and calculates leakage in a mass tourism destination (the Valencian Region in Spain). The paper opens new areas of research in sustainability literature and will be of value to tourism planners and governments in their efforts to implement appropriate tourism development policies. ; Garrigós Simón, FJ.; Galdón Salvador, JL.; Gil Pechuán, I. (2015). The economic sustainability of tourism growth through leakage calculation. Tourism Economics. 21(4):721-739. doi:10.5367/te.2014.0372 ; S ; 721 ; 739 ; 21 ; 4 ; Abelson, P. (2011). Evaluating Major Events and Avoiding the Mercantilist Fallacy*. Economic Papers: A journal of applied economics and policy, 30(1), 48-59. doi:10.1111/j.1759-3441.2011.00096.x ; Adams, P. D., & Parmenter, B. R. (1995). An applied general equilibrium analysis of the economic effects of tourism in a quite small, quite open economy. Applied Economics, 27(10), 985-994. doi:10.1080/00036849500000079 ; Archer, B. (1995). Importance of tourism for the economy of Bermuda. Annals of Tourism Research, 22(4), 918-930. doi:10.1016/0160-7383(95)00018-1 ; Archer, B., & Fletcher, J. (1996). The economic impact of tourism in the Seychelles. Annals of Tourism Research, 23(1), 32-47. doi:10.1016/0160-7383(95)00041-0 ; Arrow, K., Bolin, B., Costanza, R., Dasgupta, P., Folke, C., Holling, C. S., … Pimentel, D. (1995). Economic Growth, Carrying Capacity, and the Environment. Science, 268(5210), ...

Over the past three decades, Portugal has developed a strong economic dependence on tourism, which has several implications for the country's overall economic development. Tourism is an activity that is interrelated strongly with the economic system since Portugal as a whole and specific regions in particular rely on the performance of tourism for their economic activity. Moreover, because economic cycles affect tourism development, it is highly vulnerable to economic fluctuations. Most tourists who visit Portugal are from the European Union, especially Western Europe. Statistics are based on the number of overnight stays in hotel accommodation and other similar establishments. In 2005, the main source markets were the UK (30.7%), Germany (16.5%), Spain (11.5%), the Netherlands (6.8%), France (4.7%), Ireland (3.6%) and Italy (3.1%). These values show that the UK has the greatest share of visitors to Algarve. The purpose of this paper is to propose a modelling approach that best fits the tourism flow pattern in order to support forecasting. The paper contributes to our understanding of the relationship between economic cycles and tourism flows to Portugal (Algarve) and explores the potential of applying the diffusion index model proposed by Stock and Watson (1999, 2002) for tourism demand forecasting.

Tourism is one of the major determinants of global economic growth, creating jobs within the sector, and Africa is no exception. The target of the sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries is to consider tourism as an alternative means of economic expansion. However, tourism is a means of environmental imbalance. This study investigates the complex relationship between tourism, economic growth, and carbon emissions in 47 Sub-Saharan African countries from 2005 to 2020. While economic growth significantly increases carbon emissions, tourism revenue shows a potential mitigating effect. Trade openness also contributes to emissions, while employment shows a negative correlation. These findings highlight the need for stricter environmental regulations and policies that leverage the region's labor surplus for sustainable tourism practices. Implementing such measures is crucial for minimizing the environmental damage associated with foreign direct economic activities and ensuring long-term sustainability.