Suchergebnisse

Rural energy in developing countries is discussed with a view to sustainable development. The project-oriented approach in rural energy which has often dominated in the past, is contrasted with an overall strategy for sustainable rural energy demand and supply. An outline for a demand-oriented policy is formulated, indicating the role of the government in energy pricing and market development. Special attention is given to electricity as the fastest-growing energy subsector. It is concluded that major changes are required to accommodate and institutionalize the planning of decentralized energy supply.

It is abundantly clear that adequate, reliable and clean energy services are vital for the achievement of many of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In essence, energy access has come to represent one of the intractable challenges in development, and therefore emblematic of the call for poverty eradication, and economic and social transformation. This focus issue on 'Energy Access for Sustainable Development' is initiated to draw broadly from the ideas and emerging experiences with energy activities and solutions that sought to enhance sustainable development through expansion of energy access. The focus issue includes several contributions from authors on some of the knowledge gaps this field, including: (i) the role of off-grid and mini-grid energy systems to meet multiple SDGs; (ii) the impacts of the evolving suite of off-grid and distributed energy services on inequalities across gender, and on minority and disadvantaged communities; (iii) the opportunities that the evolving technology base (both of energy services and information systems) plays in expanding the role of off-grid and mini-grid energy systems; (iv) energy options for cooking; (v) new insights into energy planning as well as the political economy, institutional and decision challenges across the energy system. Drawing from papers in this focus issue and other literature, this paper provides a sketch of the key issues in energy access.

It is abundantly clear that adequate, reliable and clean energy services are vital for the achievement of many of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In essence, energy access has come to represent one of the intractable challenges in development, and therefore emblematic of the call for poverty eradication, and economic and social transformation. This focus issue on 'Energy Access for Sustainable Development' is initiated to draw broadly from the ideas and emerging experiences with energy activities and solutions that sought to enhance sustainable development through expansion of energy access. The focus issue includes several contributions from authors on some of the knowledge gaps this field, including: (i) the role of off-grid and mini-grid energy systems to meet multiple SDGs; (ii) the impacts of the evolving suite of off-grid and distributed energy services on inequalities across gender, and on minority and disadvantaged communities; (iii) the opportunities that the evolving technology base (both of energy services and information systems) plays in expanding the role of off-grid and mini-grid energy systems; (iv) energy options for cooking; (v) new insights into energy planning as well as the political economy, institutional and decision challenges across the energy system. Drawing from papers in this focus issue and other literature, this paper provides a sketch of the key issues in energy access.

Part 1: Process fundamentals -- Chapter 1: Fundamentals of biofuel production from anaerobic digestion: Metabolic pathways and interferences -- Chapter 2: Direct interspecies electron transfer for intensification of biogas production -- Part 2: Pretreatment -- Chapter 3: Adsorbents for the detoxification of lignocellulosic wastes hydrolysates to improve fermentative processes to bioenergy production -- Chapter 4: Pretreatment of lignocellulosic materials to enhance biogas production through anaerobic digestion -- Chapter 5: Biogas production from dairy cattle residues – definition of the pretreatment approach through a bibliometric analysis of publications and patents -- Part 3: AD of specific waste-streams -- Chapter 6: Anaerobic digestion of dairy industry wastewater -- Chapter 7: Solid state anaerobic digestion of agricultural waste -- Chapter 8: Food waste biorefinery for bioenergy and value-added products -- Part 4: Downstream processing for resource recovery -- Chapter 9: Valorization of anaerobic digestate for production of value added products -- Chapter 10: Biochar produced from organic waste digestate and its potential utilization for soil remediation: An overview -- Part 5: Integration of AD in biorefineries -- Chapter 11: Integration of bioelectrochemical systems with anaerobic digestion -- Chapter 12: Use of biogas for electricity driven appliances -- Chapter 13: Syngas fermentation for bioenergy production: recent advances in bioreactor systems -- Part 6: Life cycle analysis -- Chapter 14: Up and downstream technologies of anaerobic digestion from life cycle assessment perspective -- Chapter 15: Life cycle analysis of anaerobic digestion systems.

This paper examines, based on certain criteria, the most feasible sustainable energy technology (SET) for rural Bangladesh. The criteria used for the appropriateness of SET for rural Bangladesh are: (a) availability of energy resources, (b) degree of technological complexity of the proposed technology, (c) cost effectiveness, (d) balance between supply of and demand for energy, (e) contribution of the particular energy technology to reducing greenhouse gas emission, and (f) major constraints associated with accepting the recommended technology. The paper describes the theoretical part of the author's Ph.D. thesis where fundamental work has been done. The study applies the criteria to three main energy technologies‐ biomass, solar and wind‐ and finds that none of these technologies are suitable on their own. However, among the three proposed energy technologies, biomass might be the best possible option which can make a positive contribution to alleviate energy poverty in rural Bangladesh. Findings of this study are useful for development policy makers and researchers.

Cover -- Half Title -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Illustrations -- Preface -- About the Editors -- About the Contributors -- Abbreviations -- 1 Introduction: The Imperative of Sustainable Development* -- Abbreviations -- Business as usual is not an option -- A transformative technological revolution is needed -- This book -- Are green energy investments affordable? -- 2 A New Philosophical Approach to Social Transformation for a "Green Economy" -- Context -- Chasing progress -- Limits to growth -- Making room for growth -- The dilemma of growth -- The arithmetic of growth -- The dynamics of transformation -- Steps toward the green economy -- Green economy and sustainable development -- 3 Historical Characteristics and Scenario Analysis of Technological Change in the Energy System -- Introduction -- Historical dynamics of technological change in the energy system -- Scenario representations of future technological change -- Implications for clean energy technology and innovation policy -- Conclusions -- 4 Clean Energy for Sustainable Development* -- A major technological transformation in energy is needed for sustainable development -- Are current efforts in the right direction? Are they enough? -- The limitations of current approaches to the energy transformation challenge -- Moving forward -- Conclusion -- 5 Achieving Sustainable Development: -- Introduction -- Policy, technology, and energy investments for sustainability -- Public policies for development -- Conclusion -- 6 Key Determinants of Technological Capabilities for a "Green Economy" in Emerging Economies -- Introduction -- Environmental technological capabilities in emerging economies: The case of China -- Technology transfer, indigenous R&D, and technical progress -- National innovation system and technology acquisition, adaptation, and development -- Conclusion.

This book is available as open access through the Bloomsbury Open Access programme and is available on bloomsburycollections.com. Continuation along current development pathways is not sustainable. Available technology and production practices and the consumption patterns of modern societies are leading to global warming and ecological destruction. Business as usual is not an option. There is an urgent need to find a new development paradigm that ensures environmental sustainability while managing to provide, now and in the future, a decent livelihood for all of humankind. In Technology and Innovation for Sustainable Development, experts in the area provide a variety of insights about the technical transformation needed for sustainable development. It spells out the behavioural and policy changes that would need to accompany the next technological transformation, taking into account the complexity of inducing technological change in the energy and agricultural sectors. The assessment suggests that this will require major, but doable improvements in national innovation systems and major, but affordable shifts in investment patterns and related macroeconomic adjustments.