Suchergebnisse

Vol. 1: Elements of intelligence. - 1982. - Third printing. - V,81 S. nebst Appendix I-III. - ISBN 0-87855-826-8; Vol. 2: Analysis and estimates. - 1980. - IX,223 S.; Vol. 3: Counterintelligence. - 1980. - IX,339 S.; Vol. 4: Covert action. - 1981. - IX,243 S. - ISBN 0-87855-830-6; Vol. 5: Clandestine collection. - 1982. - X,232 S. - ISBN 0-87855-831-4; Vol. 6: Domestic intelligence. - 1986. - XII,290 S. - ISBN 0-669-11133-3; Vol. 7: Intelligence and policy. - 1986. - XIV,192 S. - ISBN 0-669-10901-0

To estimate potential impacts of California Assembly Bill (AB) 1316: a requirement for universal screening and insurance coverage for child blood lead testing.In April 2017 the California Health Benefits Review Program (Oakland, CA) analyzed AB 1316 for the California legislature, including a systematic review of lead screening effectiveness, commercial insurer surveys regarding screening coverage, and actuarial utilization and cost implication assessments.Universal screening requirements would increase child lead testing by 273%, raise affected populations' premiums by 0.0043%, and detect an additional 4777 exposed children 1 year after implementation.The evidence for a net societal benefit of universal screening approach is limited and is not supported by prominent medical professional groups. Public Health Implications. California expanded targeted screening to identify additional children at higher risk for lead poisoning on the basis of California-specific risk factors, while mitigating the potential harms of universal screening such as an increase in false positive tests and health care costs.

Objectives. To estimate potential impacts of California Assembly Bill (AB) 1316: a requirement for universal screening and insurance coverage for child blood lead testing. Methods. In April 2017 the California Health Benefits Review Program (Oakland, CA) analyzed AB 1316 for the California legislature, including a systematic review of lead screening effectiveness, commercial insurer surveys regarding screening coverage, and actuarial utilization and cost implication assessments. Results. Universal screening requirements would increase child lead testing by 273%, raise affected populations' premiums by 0.0043%, and detect an additional 4777 exposed children 1 year after implementation. Conclusions. The evidence for a net societal benefit of universal screening approach is limited and is not supported by prominent medical professional groups. Public Health Implications. California expanded targeted screening to identify additional children at higher risk for lead poisoning on the basis of California-specific risk factors, while mitigating the potential harms of universal screening such as an increase in false positive tests and health care costs.

OBJECTIVES:To estimate potential impacts of California Assembly Bill (AB) 1316: a requirement for universal screening and insurance coverage for child blood lead testing. METHODS:In April 2017 the California Health Benefits Review Program (Oakland, CA) analyzed AB 1316 for the California legislature, including a systematic review of lead screening effectiveness, commercial insurer surveys regarding screening coverage, and actuarial utilization and cost implication assessments. RESULTS:Universal screening requirements would increase child lead testing by 273%, raise affected populations' premiums by 0.0043%, and detect an additional 4777 exposed children 1 year after implementation. CONCLUSIONS:The evidence for a net societal benefit of universal screening approach is limited and is not supported by prominent medical professional groups. Public Health Implications. California expanded targeted screening to identify additional children at higher risk for lead poisoning on the basis of California-specific risk factors, while mitigating the potential harms of universal screening such as an increase in false positive tests and health care costs.

This paper aims to develop a knowledge audit (KA) model with the focus on knowledge assessment in the requirements elicitation process (REP) to allay the problems of REP regarding knowledge communication. The principal problems with REP are knowledge conflict and the failure to mention a variety of knowledge and requirements changes. Despite of many existing studies relating to KA, inadequate effort has been directed towards investigating the full part played by the KA process in REP. The purpose of this paper is to bridge this gap using a software prototype that uses the KA model in the REP. This study proposes a KA model using an iterative triangulation method. The proposed model is validated through a case study by using a software prototype developed based on the proposed KA model to see if this KA model is effective for software developers in REP by improving the completeness, correctness, and understandability of the elicited requirements knowledge. Research findings are based on responses of 40 respondents from software development organizations. The results of case study confirmed the effectiveness of KA model for REP with respect to completeness, correctness, and understandability. This research answers the call to assess knowledge in REP by developing a KA model and prototype to fill the existing gap in this area. Overall, a KA model for REP is introduced and validated to identify and assess knowledge that supports knowledge communication in REP.

There is a potential for financial abuse in church organizations. Large amounts of money are collected, performance is difficult to measure, and financial records and controls are often not as strong as in other not‐for‐profit organizations. Members/ donors of church organizations must be able to judge the financial stewardship of the organizations. Thus, financial statements for churches must include usable information and be in an understandable format. This study examines the appropriateness of two different types of financial statements: the GAAP format and a specialized church format.

In view of the 911 terrorist incident plus various cases regarding undeclared dangerous goods were happened, tightening security measure on air cargo was adopted by different governments. Additional requirement of cargo screening would involve extra cost and thus the competitiveness of Hong Kong in the industry may weaken. Concern about that the compliance of new security requirement would affect Hong Kong economy and adversely affect the position of Hong Kong International Airport as an international air cargo hub. There are implications of the trend of having tightening of security measures on air cargo in Hong Kong. This study will examine the development of international air cargo security requirement, focusing on the potential solutions and cost implications for Hong Kong air cargo industry. It is expected that the research results will outline the practical solutions and provide a platform for further academic research analysis on providing recommendations to facilitate the aviation security requirement development in Hong Kong. ; published_or_final_version ; Transport Policy and Planning ; Master ; Master of Arts in Transport Policy and Planning

Background: Baccalaureate nursing education consists of theoretical and practical training that prepares students for the role of competent nursing care providers. The practical application of knowledge and skills is vital in nursing curricula worldwide. Nursing programs have changed over the last few decades and have become increasingly dependent on part-time Clinical Instructors (CIs) to teach the clinical components of the curricula. However, CIs receive minimal instruction to prepare for this complex role. It has been acknowledged in Canada that there is limited research to inform CI specific competencies. Purpose: The purpose of this research was to conduct an exploratory study to identify the CIs perceptions of the importance of the World Health Organization's (WHO) nurse educator core competencies and their importance to the clinical teaching role. Methodology: This was an exploratory quantitative study. A self-report survey was developed guided by the WHOs Nurse Educator Core Competencies (NECC). Donabedian's structure-process-outcome conceptual framework guided this study. Sample and setting: Convenience sampling of participants employed as CIs in a baccalaureate in nursing program in an Ontario university. CIs who taught theory courses were excluded. The survey response rate was 23.9% (n=27). Results: The study results confirm that all the NECC have merit but need to be adapted to a CI-specific role. This is a multi-phased research project and the findings of the study have implications for all stakeholders, including schools of nursing and CIs. Ongoing research is required to inform the policy direction as it pertains to the CI-specific role and competencies in Canada. Implications for nursing programs, research and policy will be shared. Conclusions: Clinical Instruction is an area of nursing which deserves to be acknowledged as a specialty. National standardized CI-specific competencies will provide a strong foundation for CI preparation in Canada. Contexte : Le baccalauréat en sciences infirmières comprend des cours théoriques et pratiques préparant les étudiantes au rôle de professionnelles compétentes en soins de santé. Dans les programmes d'études en sciences infirmières partout dans le monde, l'application pratique des connaissances et habiletés est essentielle. Les programmes de sciences infirmières se sont transformés au cours des dernières décennies, dépendant de plus en plus des enseignantes de clinique (Clinical Instructors; CI), à temps partiel, pour le volet pratique du programme d'études. Ces enseignantes reçoivent toutefois très peu de soutien pour les préparer à jouer ce rôle complexe. Au Canada, il a été reconnu que peu de recherches renseignent sur les compétences spécifiques des enseignantes de cliniques. Objectif : Cette étude exploratoire avait pour but d'identifier les perceptions des enseignantes de clinique quant à l'importance des Compétences essentielles des infirmières enseignantes (Nurse Educator Core Competencies; NECC) décrites par l'Organisation mondiale de la Santé (OMS) ainsi qu'à leur importance pour le rôle d'enseignante de clinique. Méthode : Il s'agissait d'une étude quantitative exploratoire. Un sondage a été élaboré en s'appuyant sur les compétences essentielles des infirmières enseignantes de l'OMS. Le cadre conceptuel « structure-processus-résultats » de Donabedian a guidé cette étude. Échantillon et milieu : Un échantillonnage de convenance a été constitué de participantes volontaires employées comme enseignantes de clinique dans un programme de baccalauréat en sciences infirmières d'une université en Ontario. Les enseignantes qui donnaient des cours théoriques étaient exclues. Le taux de réponse au sondage a été de 23,9 % (n=27). Résultats : Les résultats de l'étude confirment que toutes les compétences sont pertinentes, mais qu'elles doivent être adaptées au rôle spécifique propre aux enseignantes de clinique. Ce projet de recherche comporte plusieurs étapes, et les résultats de cette étude ont des retombées pour toutes les parties prenantes, y compris les écoles de sciences infirmières et les enseignantes de clinique. Les travaux devront se poursuivre afin d'orienter la politique en ce qui concerne le rôle et les compétences spécifiques des enseignantes de clinique au Canada. Les retombées pour les programmes de sciences infirmières, la recherche et les politique seront présentées. Conclusions : L'enseignement clinique constitue un domaine des sciences infirmières méritant d'être reconnu comme une spécialité. Des normes nationales de compétences spécifiques aux enseignantes de clinique serviront de base solide pour la préparation de ces enseignantes au Canada.