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Abstract
This article presents an agroecosystem resilience index (ARI) relative to two types of exogenous drivers: biophysical and socioeconomic threats. The ARI is based on a theoretical framework of socioecological systems and draws upon multicriteria analysis. The multicriteria consist of variables related to natural, productive, socioeconomic, and institutional systems that are weighted and grouped through expert judgment. The index was operationalized in the Rio Grande basin (RGB), in the Colombian Andes. The ARI was evaluated at the household level using information from 99 RGB households obtained through workshops, individual semistructured interviews, and surveys. The ARI is a continuous variable that ranges between 0 and 1 and results in five categories of resilience: very low, low, medium, high, and very high. When faced with climate change impacts, 19% of households showed low resilience, 64% showed medium resilience, and 16% showed high resilience according to the ARI. When faced with price fluctuations, 23% of households showed low resilience, 65% showed medium resilience, and 11% showed high resilience. Key variables associated with high resilience include the diversity of vegetation cover, households that have forests on their properties, a high degree of connectivity with other patches of forest, diversification of household economic activities, profitability of economic activities, availability of water sources, and good relationships with local institutions.

Abstract Environmental changes bring challenges to the governance of water resources in the Paulista Macrometropolis. In this context, adaptive governance and the articulation of actors in networks are strategies for coping with this type of situation. This article analyzes water governance in the Paraíba Valley in light of the challenges posed by the 2013-2015 water crisis. Objective is to analyze the network of actors, exploring ways for greater participation of civil society in socioecological adaptation actions. The method used was Social Network Analysis. The conclusion is that there is a mismatch between civil society and the state to negotiate positions. The paper identifies opportunities for enhancing connections between civil society and academia and broadening engagement and cooperation with a focus on adaptive water governance.

Abstract Environmental changes bring challenges to the governance of water resources in the Paulista Macrometropolis. In this context, adaptive governance and the articulation of actors in networks are strategies for coping with this type of situation. This article analyzes water governance in the Paraíba Valley in light of the challenges posed by the 2013-2015 water crisis. Objective is to analyze the network of actors, exploring ways for greater participation of civil society in socioecological adaptation actions. The method used was Social Network Analysis. The conclusion is that there is a mismatch between civil society and the state to negotiate positions. The paper identifies opportunities for enhancing connections between civil society and academia and broadening engagement and cooperation with a focus on adaptive water governance.

Los sistemas socioecológicos (SSE) de páramo y bosque altoandino en Colombia son sistemas ecológicos que se caracterizan por sus particularidades de estructura, composición y funcionamiento. Son espacios que se han desarrollado como parte de procesos históricos de relación entre los humanos y la naturaleza, lo cual ha determinado lo que son al día de hoy. Este artículo realiza un análisis de las perspectivas y discursos producidos desde los gobiernos y las políticas públicas en torno a la sostenibilidad ambiental, la institucionalidad y la planeación territorial que se emplean para gestionar los territorios con presencia de estos socioecosistemas.

Fengshui forests, also known as fengshui woods or fengshui woodlands, are culturally preserved remnant groves of natural forest or small plantations that are common in southern China. Similar forests known by other names are prevalent in many parts of East Asia, including Korea and Japan, where they have long helped sustain rural livelihoods and ecosystems. However, as is the case with research on the origins of fengshui philosophy, research on the origin, diffusion, present-day distribution, and conservation status of fengshui forests remains relatively sparse. Much of the research into fengshui forests has been published in Chinese, and is not accessible to a global scientific audience because the manuscripts are not easily discoverable or because of language barriers. This paper provides a quantitative review of 57 original papers on fengshui woods written in Chinese since the 1990s. Content analysis of Chinese-language papers on fengshui forests demonstrates a geographic bias towards case studies from southern China, and a predominance of methodologies representing vegetation surveys conducted by forestry specialists. Published field results and previously published research on fengshui forests report very high floristic diversity. Our own field research in 57 villages in five provinces shows that these locally protected woodlands are components of common property regimes (CPRs) that have been better preserved than the other forests in southern China and usually represent the only forest remnants adjacent to villages and other settle- ments. However, fengshui forests face threats from industrial pollution, urbanization, and other forms of eco- nomic development. We briefly report on our own preliminary field results and suggest that more research is required to develop interdisciplinary and comparative perspectives on the historical and cultural factors that support the persistence of fengshui forests across China and East Asia as a whole, and to integrate these wood- lands within sustainable rural development strategies. These remnants of southern China's subtropical broadleaf evergreen forests are especially important in light of current efforts by the national government to promote urban forestry, ecosystem conservation, cultural heritage protection, and ecotourism, and to increase the ca- pacity of natural carbon sinks within the country's borders.

While sympathetic to debates about the utility, accuracy, and significance of the "Anthropocene," in this brief essay, we are most interested in implicating racialization, colonization, and their ongoing place in the capitalist world-economy and global ecological change. To this end, we point to the potential of thinking with the "Plantationocene," considering that to invoke the plantation is to simultaneously contend with the intermeshing organization of the colonialist/imperialist, racialist, and capitalist dimensions of the world-system as directly related to global environmental transformation since the 15th century.