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The aim of this article is to argue thatboth"minor literature" and "small literature"should be readdressedas Michel Ragon's "secondary zone literature"from three perspectives. Firstly, it will be argued that "minor and small literature" began to lose its theoretical capacitywith the advent of globalization after the new millennium. Secondly, the problems of "minor literature" and "small literature" will be updated. "Minor literature"mainly has two problems: 1) The first feature of "minor literature"runs the risk of not only dismissing all literature written by minorities in "minor languages", but also diminishing the possible meanings of the term, "minority"; and 2) The second and third characteristics of "minor literature"are unable to explain why only non-European artsareperceived to be political and collective. "Small literature"also has two problems: a) it fails to explain why countries thathardly qualify as 'small', face problems similar to those of "small literature" in the international literary context; and b) it does not have the capacity to explain the literature of minority and marginal groups within a nation or country. Thirdly, "minor and small literature" will be reconsidered as "secondary zone literature", not only in an attempt to emphasizecultural dynamics and power relations based on the visibility of various "minor & small" related literary works, but also to demonstrate that literature may beminor or small, but it always has quantitative implications.

Th e article discusses the status and functioning of so-called small literatures, including Lithuanian literature, in the global system of world literature. Referring to Franco Moretti and Pascale Casanova's interpretation of world literature system as based on the principle of inequality, the author discusses the conception of belonging to small literatures as a destiny and interprets the onecentric world literary system as hegemonic. Being dominated by grand literatures, small literatures have very restricted possibilities of gravitation towards the center of world literature. In that theoretical context, the article considers the following issues: is it possible and how is it possible to avoid the destiny of small literatures staying in the periphery of world literature, what role in this situation plays the writer himself, what depends on the culture and research politics, could literary scholars play the role of mediators and what could be the alternatives for onecentered world literary system.

In his 2008 Nobel lecture, J. M. G. Le Clézio salutes all the writers with whom he lived, and at times against whom he argued, especially African writers: Wole Soyinka, Chinua Achebe, Ahmadou Kourouma, Mongo Beti, Alan Paton, with a concluding reference to Chaka by Thomas Mofolo. The other writers are well known, but Mofolo has always been largely ignored, or even misrepresented, by historians of literature. My first contact with the (excellent) French translation of Plaatje's Mhudi (1930) was a letter in which I was protesting against his inclusion of Mofolo in an anthology of Anglophone writers: as if the Sesotho text had no relevance; as if there was not a specific history of Sesotho textuality. It is my argument that for an innovative, original, but geographically marginal writer, such as Mofolo, superficial readings place a veil of ignorance on his books and relegate them to an obscure corner of Weltliteratur. My own reading has been influenced by the history of the Paris Evangelical Missionary Society (PEMS) and by the works of Tim Couzens. Drawing on the principle of coherence and seeing a continuity between Mofolo's literary project and his politics, I postulate a unity to his works and I am curious about his entire oeuvre and of course the position of Chaka in it. I am also curious about the various interpretations, produced by a series of translations, from 1930 up to 2007 which provide a frame of interpretation

The idea of Estonia's cultural and national self-sufficiency emerged in the nineteenth century. The contribution of writers and poets was essential to this development. Literature anticipated not only cultural, linguistic, and artistic, but also the economic and political emancipation of Estonians. Cultural practices leading to this emancipation were largely based on Baltic German models; many key elements to the independent Estonian national identity are of foreign origin. On the one hand, the nineteenth-century nationbuilding could therefore be described as self-colonization. On the other hand, it rather created a new nation than transformed a preexisting one, since the very concept of national identity was introduced by this process. Through various political and cultural upheavals, the most influential authors from this seminal period of the Estonian modern culture have remained iconic to this day. The traditional identification with them is so strong that the tentative origins of the nation and the identitary struggles of the national poets themselves may often be forgotten and the personal and individual nature of their contribution downplayed.

This article offers an overview of the visibility of smaller literatures in two prominent British literary translation awards: the Oxford-Weidenfeld Prize and the Warwick Prize for Women in Translation. In contextualizing this exploratory study through a brief recapitulation of the concept of smaller literatures within broader notions of world literature, attention is also paid to the increasing popularity of scholarship on translation prizes, before the British literary translation scene is presented and summarized. After outlining the form, scope, and stated aims of the two prizes, the methodology of the study is introduced, together with any possible limitations. Subsequently, and adopting a literature-based approach, the relevant websites for both awards are scrutinized to obtain the necessary data. This is then analysed and discussed, with the aim of ascertaining the extent to which smaller literatures can be said to be present in the two prizes. Finally, some preliminary conclusions and suggestions for further research on the subject are outlined.

InImagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism, Benedict Anderson stressed the role that literature, and particularly the development of the novel,actuallyplayed in building a nation as an "imagined community." Others have emphasized how building a national literature has often gone hand in hand with the creation of a national identity (e.g. Thiesse; Jusdanis). All have underlined the strong relationship between nationalism and literature: literature is a concrete tool that builds the nation as a community; literature also serves to build and spread a national identity.

The South Transdanubian region belongs to the 20 most disadvantaged regions of the European Union which shows a significant decline compared to previous years. In my opinion this justifies the need for professional research directed at changing this situation by performing some tangible efforts. The investigation of the small towns of the area, and the drafting of their possible development path in harmony with the existing development plans may not only provide a positive vision of the future for the towns, but their wider environment (micro-region) as well. Important is the clarification of the theoretical background of the research: reviewing literature on European urban planning and history, in order to find out what kind of theoretical and practical laws small towns need to obey to be successful. The research is basically of interdisciplinary nature, for this reason, the potential results may be connected to several disciplines and pragmatical components. On one hand, it may draw attention towell functioning models of local agricultural and political activities, and thus it may provide adaptable models for the local stakeholders, which may later on be adopted by the small towns and included in their operational structure. I will analyse to what extent the possibly existing visions reflect last decades development, whether their realization is a realistic opportunity based on the small towns' developmental history.

Bone nonunion is observed when the healing of a fracture fails and all processes of biologic repair cease. It is a frequent complication during fracture treatment in small animals. Nonunions are classified as viable or nonviable, and most cases result from technical error (e.g., inadequate or inappropriate choice of the type of stabilization), poor vascularization, excessive distance between the fragments, infection, and systemic disease, or local as well as idiopathic factors. The diagnosis is made when there is no radiographic evidence of bone healing. This condition cannot be treated conservatively; rather, nonunions require surgical intervention involving removal of implants (besides exuberant callus removal), proper alignment, and compression of the fracture site. As bone nonunion remains a common problem in clinical practice, the objective of this paper is to review the pathophysiology and methods for treating of the condition.

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to explore the determinants of the performance of environmental support programmes for small businesses. With growing interests in promoting environmental sustainability among small businesses, developing a better understanding of environmental support programmes has become critical. Previous studies have investigated specific cases of environmental support programmes for small businesses. However, their findings are yet to be galvanised in a manner that improves our understanding of environmental support programmes for small businesses. This study addresses the gap in the literature by systematically reviewing 25 key journal articles and synthesizing their main findings. The findings from the deductive thematic analysis revealed that support provider/sponsor, client context, programme scope, capacity development, complementary support, service delivery network, and regulation influence the performance of environmental support programmes for small businesses. These findings highlight the ongoing efforts in developing and developed countries to promote environmental practices in small businesses. We, therefore, encourage sustainability and small business researchers to go beyond the design and implementation and focus more attention on how to improve the performance of environmental support programmes for small businesses.

This contribution outlines the rising and promising research topic related to investment readiness level (IRL) of Small and Medium Sized Companies (SMEs). To advance this field of investigation and to bring potential future research directions to light, this paper reviews and explores the current state of research by means of a literature review contemplating quantitative facets in the methodology. While facilitating comparisons in applied methods of earlier development and progress, it uncovers core areas where research is still required. By considering the present body of literature focusing on the IRL of SMEs as a whole, this paper ends by proposing two essential recommendations for future research effort. The paper captures the multi-faceted nature of IRL to reveal the range of conditions of alternative financial sources affecting the activities of researchers, entrepreneurs, investors and politicians alike. This version is the accepted manuscript by the Journal. ; This version is the accepted manuscript by the Journal.