CONCEPTUALIZING THE SHADOW ECONOMY - The Shadow Economy
In: Journal of international affairs, Band 53, Heft 2, S. 387-412
ISSN: 0022-197X
2410 Ergebnisse
Sortierung:
In: Journal of international affairs, Band 53, Heft 2, S. 387-412
ISSN: 0022-197X
In: Friedrich Schneider & Colin C. Williams, The Shadow Economy, Institute of Economic Affairs, 2013
SSRN
In: Readings in Public Choice and Constitutional Political Economy, S. 511-532
In: Institute of Economic Affairs Monographs, Hobart Paper 172 (2013)
SSRN
In: Institute of Economic Affairs Monographs, Forthcoming
SSRN
In: The Economic Journal, Band 97, Heft 387, S. 771
In: CESifo working paper series 4829
In: Public finance
In this paper the main focus lies on the shadow economy and on work in the shadow. The most influential factors on the shadow economy are tax policies and state regulation. The size of the shadow economy was decreasing over 1999 to 2007 from 34.0% to 31.2% for 161 countries (unweighted average). Furthermore, economic opportunities, taxes and regulations, the general situation on the labor market, and unemployment are crucial for an under-standing of the dynamics of the shadow labor force. Opposite to the decrease of the shadow economy (value added figures), the shadow economy labor force increased for most countries over the period 1999 to 2007.
In: CESifo Working Paper Series No. 4829
SSRN
Working paper
In: The Institute of Economic Affairs (IEA) Discussion Paper No. 43
SSRN
Working paper
The shadow (underground) economy plays a major role in many countries. People evade taxes and regulations by working in the shadow economy or by employing people illegally. On the one hand, this unregulated economic activity can result in reduced tax revenue and public goods and services, lower tax morale and less tax compliance, higher control costs, and lower economic growth rates. But on the other hand, the shadow economy can be a powerful force for advancing institutional change and can boost the overall production of goods and services in the economy. The shadow economy has implications that extend beyond the economy to the political order.
BASE
The shadow (underground) economy plays a major role in many countries. People evade taxes and regulations by working in the shadow economy or by employing people illegally. On the one hand, this unregulated economic activity can result in reduced tax revenue and public goods and services, lower tax morale and less tax compliance, higher control costs, and lower economic growth rates. But on the other hand, the shadow economy can be a powerful force for advancing institutional change and can boost the overall production of goods and services in the economy. The shadow economy has implications that extend beyond the economy to the political order.
BASE
In: The Palgrave Handbook of International Development, S. 185-204
SSRN