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Quality of health care services is an issue of growing interest. This study describes the fulfillment of essential requirements (Resolution 4252/1996) by private health services of first and second level in Bogotá D.C. With the registers of surveillance and control commissions (july/1998 to may/2000) a descriptive study was realized. The variables analyzed were: locality, local socioeconomic level, local residential density, health service supplies, and fulfillment of essential requirements. In Bogotá there are 12 587 health care centers of first and second level. 72,1 % is in Chapinero, Usaquén, and Teusaquillo localities. Only 6,9 % of these centers obey the essential requirements. The findings of this study suggest an "epidemiology of quality" of health care services in Bogotá. In this profile, the rich people have good health services and the poor population has a poor quality health services. ; La calidad de los servicios de salud es un tema de creciente interés. Este trabajo describe el cumplimiento de requisitos esenciales (Resolución 4252 de 1996) por parte de los prestadores privados de servicios de salud de Bogotá D.C. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de los registros de las comisiones de inspección y vigilancia de la Secretaría de Salud de Bogotá (entre Julio de 1998 y Mayo del 2000). Se incluyeron las variables de localidad, estrato socioeconómico y densidad residencial de la localidad, servicios ofertados y cumplimiento de requisitos esenciales. En Bogotá se encuentran 12 587 prestadores privados de servicios de salud de primer y segundo nivel. El 72,1 % se ubica en las localidades de Chapinero, Usaquén, Teusaquillo y Suba. Solo el 6,9 % de los prestadores cumple con los requisitos esenciales. Los hallazgos de este trabajo sugieren una "epidemiología de la calidad" de los servicios de salud en Bogotá, donde los mejores servicios son para los estratos socioeconómicos más altos y los de más baja calidad son para los pobres.

What are the patterns of legislator responsiveness to constituents in multi-level democracies, and what explains them? Previously, comparative research has been hampered by a lack of theory and a lack of data. The article first theorizes how constituency service may be explained by conventional arguments, such as electoral motivations and role orientations. It then considers how regionalization specifically might affect service responsiveness. Using data from the PARTIREP survey of legislators in eight multi-level democracies and six unitary democracies, the article demonstrates that national legislators devote less time to constituency service in multi-level than in unitary democracies; and that regional legislators devote more time than national legislators in multi-level democracies. While conventional arguments are important, the specific effects of regionalization are also significant in determining service responsiveness, establishing an agenda for future research of constituency service as a significant area in the study of multi-level democracy. Adapted from the source document.

This book examines how fuzzy methods can be employed to manage service levels in business and IT alignment. It starts by mapping the dependencies of service level agreements, coming up with gradual and bi-polar concepts to eventually classify the level of coupling by intuitionistic fuzzy sets. The second part presents an approach to analyze the impact of service failures using intuitionistic fuzzy methods (IFSFIA). Lastly, the third part of the book extends the concept towards business and IT-aligned service-level engineering and provides two use cases.

Artículo de revista ; This study offers a succinct overview, from a legal and regulatory standpoint of Directive (EU) 2015/2366 on payment services (PSD2). It begins by describing the general aspects of the PSD2 within its considerable geographical, transitional, regulatory framework of reference together with its legislative policy purpose and its regulatory background. Next the study sets out the regulatory structure of payment services in the EU under the PSD2 which consists of the parties involved, namely the different types of service providers and users, and defined payment services, which are classified by identifying those that are included and those that are excluded. The study is completed with a description of how payment services function in the EU under the PSD2, starting with the proper identification of the agreements arising from those services, followed by a description of the rules on transparency and the legal status of the parties involved comprising their rights and obligations when payment transactions are authorised and carried out.

Written by experienced Law teachers and examiners, this comprehensive student book has been revised and updated to reflect the latest changes in the law. With up-to-date case examples, extensive exam support and a variety of useful features, it offers high quality support for the WJEC and Eduqas A Level Law courses. - Designed for both the WJEC and Eduqas specifications, each topic is mapped to the relevant specifications for quick reference and easy navigation. - Covers all the content of the AS and A Level courses in a single student-friendly book. - Includes comprehensive exam support, with updated exam questions supported by detailed guidance and answers available online. - A variety of features, including Grade Boost, Key Cases and Stretch and Challenge activities encourage students to think critically and help develop their knowledge and understanding and ability to analyse. - An Exam practice and technique section provides advice and guidance on how to revise and helps develop the skills needed for the exams.