Suchergebnisse

"The NORA National Public Safety Sector Agenda is a strategic framework to ensure progress and track accomplishments through 2016 on priority occupational safety and health issues. The agenda includes sets of goals for four public safety industries, including law enforcement. Law Enforcement Strategic Goals: 1) Evaluate existing information sources that may be enhanced or expanded to conduct occupational safety and health surveillance; 2) Reduce traumatic injuries and fatalities from vehicle collisions by 15%; 3) Reduce injury and death from criminal assaults by 10%; 4) Reduce cardiovascular disease disabilities and fatalities by 15%. This fact sheet provides a synopsis of the Law Enforcement goals established by the NORA Public Safety Sector Council." - NIOSHTIC-2 ; "January 2011" - http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2011-134/ ; At head of title: "Public Safety Sector: Occupational Safety and Health Priorities for the Second Decade of NORA." ; "The National Occupational Research Agenda (NORA) is a partnership program to stimulate innovative research and improve workplace practices. Unveiled in 1996, NORA has become a framework for guiding occupational safety and health research in the nation. Diverse stakeholders collaborate to identify the most critical issues in the workplace, and work together to develop goals, objectives, and an implementation plan for addressing these issues. Law enforcement agencies, professional associations, labor unions, research organizations, and government agencies are encouraged to build partnerships to help reduce the risk of occupational injury and illness among law enforcement personnel." ; Also available via the World Wide Web as an Acrobat .pdf file (702 KB, 2 p.).

Work accidents became a matter of societal concern in the progressive era of Woodrow Wilson. When other contingencies of modern life were brought under social security in the New Deal reforms of the 1930s, work accident legislation remained separate. Despite low benefits & imperfect insurance arrangements, the workers' compensation legislation does help internalize the costs of accidents. However, internalization of costs is only one remedy; others are regulation & broader community responsibility. Regulation poses problems, & broader community responsibility may evade the issues involved in finding the tradeoff of production & health which would maximize social welfare. Modified HA.

This report gives an overview of Safety and Health Conditions in the Coal Mining industry, regulatory regime, and Legislative activity ( MINER act and S-MINER act)

"The National Occupational Research Agenda (NORA) is a partnership program to promote innovative research and improve workplace practices. Unveiled in 1996, NORA is a framework for guiding occupational safety and health research and interventions throughout the nation. NORA stakeholders collaborate to identify critical workplace issues in industry sectors. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) convened a number of these partners to develop the National Services Agenda, which includes safety and health goals for the Accommodations Industry. Groups such as unions, worker organizations, government agencies, and hotel/motel associations can build partnerships to implement these goals and help ensure that hotels are safe for all employees." - p. [1] ; At head of title: "Services sector: Occupational safety and health needs for the next decade of NORA." ; "This document was prepared by Susan Afanuh, Pamela Vossenas, Sheli DeLaney and David Utterback of the Services Sector Accommodations subcommittee." ; "July 2011." - NIOSH website ; Also available via the World Wide Web as an Acrobat .pdf file (756.KB, 2 p.). ; Includes bibliographical references.

Work accidents became a matter of societal concern in the Progressive era of Woodrow Wilson. When other contingencies of modern life were brought under social security in the New Deal reforms of the 1930s, work accident legislation remained separate. One possible reason was that work accidents can be controlled within industrial and chance limits. But control does not imply elimination since a risk-free environment would paralyze production. In spite of imper fections caused by low benefits and imperfect insurance arrangements, the workers' compensation legislation does help internalize the costs of accidents, but internalization of costs is only one remedy. Regulation and a much broader community responsibility are others. It is argued that regulation poses greater problems and that broader com munity responsibility may evade the issues involved in choosing the appropriate tradeoff point between production and health which will maximize social welfare.

Intro -- TABLE OF CONTENTS -- Preface -- 1 Introduction -- I. PRECEPTS OF POLICY -- 2 Occupational Safety and Health as Public Health -- 3 Occupational Safety and Health as Environmental Health -- 4 Law and Governance -- 5 History of Occupational Safety and Health Policy -- 6 Policy Advocacy Through Argument -- II. IMPLEMENTATION OF POLICY -- 7 Standards and the Occupational Safety and Health Act -- 8 Enforcement and the Occupational Safety and Health Act -- 9 Research and the Occupational Safety and Health Act -- 10 The Mine Safety and Health Act -- 11 Other Worker Protections and Exclusions -- 12 International Policy -- III. INSTRUMENTS OF POLICY -- 13 Workers' Compensation and Work as an Economic Activity -- 14 Right-to-Know and Privacy -- 15 Leadership and Ethics -- 16 Occupational Safety and Health Policy Analysis -- Appendix Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 -- Index.

IntroductionVenezuela has pioneered a preventive-focused and comprehensive movement for Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) in Latin America. However, despite being an oil-rich country, it has some of the lowest salaries for their workers and highest levels of hyperinflation, devaluation, crime, and violence of the world.ObjectivesReview the current status and challenges on relevant aspects of OSH in Venezuela.MethodsReview of literature and documents from national governments, UN agencies, NGOs, and the Venezuelan government concerning OSH and related topics since 1986.ResultsReformed in 2005, the Organic Law on Prevention, Conditions and Environment (LOPCYMAT) was a fundamental moment of change for OSH. Factors which have impacted OSH the strongest are (i) the creation of the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (INPSASEL) and (ii) the socioeconomic crisis Venezuela is going through.Venezuela's laws are innovative and yet non-compliance is enormous. Almost half of the population works in the informal sector. Following the International Labor Office projections, 5 people die per day in Venezuela due to occupational accidents or diseases, making health and safety at work a luxury rather than a right. The quality of life for the average worker has deteriorated, affecting not only health but the overall well-being of all Venezuelans. The political and socio-economic situation has led to a mass exodus of more than 1.6 million highly qualified and talented professionals. Many statistics concerning OSH are not updated and are unreliable regarding occupational accidents and diseases.ConclusionsThere is a substantial difference between what is written to protect individual Venezuelans in the workplace and the reality of workplace conditions. Substantial governmental actions are needed in the immediate future to improve occupational safety and health of Venezuelan workers.

Background: The occupational safety and health diagnostic (OSH) constitutes a first step for the design of national programs and ongoing reviews of existing regulations. The OSH diagnostic performed in Ecuador in 2011 is devastating due to the high labor accidents toll, the scarce official information, lack of high-level academic education, and insufficient research. Objective: To diagnose the current state of occupational safety and health in Ecuador from official sources of information. Methods: We examined the geographical situation, sociodemographic and public health data, legal regulations, statistics on occupational accidents and diseases, training and research on OSH in Ecuador between 2010 to 2015. The main sources of data and information were: national laws and regulations on OSH, conventions of the International Labor Organization, resolutions of the Andean Community of Nations, and official web pages of national public bodies. In addition, we analyzed the scientific production on OSH of authors with Ecuadorian affiliation, carried out in Ecuador, and published in journals indexed in the main scientific databases. Results: In Ecuador, the rate of employment is 94,3%, and 40% is recognized as adequate employment. The percentage of the working population covered by the social security has raised during the period of study, but it remains around 42% of this population. The country has ratified the 32 ILO OSH conventions and has adopted regional regulatory instruments. The national OSH legal body starts with the Constitution. A total of 99.156 occupational injuries and 2.733 occupational were notified, showing a significant increase from 2010 to 2015. Regarding fatal occupational accidents, 1.524 cases were notified. Training in OSH is focused on occupational risk prevention. Twelve scientific articles on OSH from authors of Ecuadorian affiliation and developed in a national context were identified. Conclusions: OSH status in Ecuador faces a persistent high toll of informal workers, an aging working population, an increase of work accidents, a scarce scientific evidence and an outdated legislation. The design of a OSH National Plan should become a priority in order to improve working conditions and health in Ecuador.

Millions of people in America live in manufactured structures--a range of units that includes manufactured homes, travel trailers, camping trailers, and park trailers. Manufactured structures are used for long- term residence; for temporary housing following disasters; for recreational and travel purposes; and also for classrooms, day care centers, and workplaces. Housing is a primary purpose of these structures, with manufactured homes accounting for 6.3% of the housing units in the U.S. and housing 17.2 million persons. Manufactured homes offer flexibility and affordability, and comprise an important part of the U.S. housing stock. Whether used for long-term housing or for short-term shelter following a disaster, for classrooms or for offices, manufactured structures should be safe and healthy for the people who live, work, study, and play in them. With Americans spending the vast majority of their time indoors, it is vital that buildings protect occupants from the elements and provide privacy, comfort, and peace of mind. At the same time, these structures should not present risks to occupant's health and safety due to design, construction, or maintenance problems. This report identifies and summarizes safety and health issues in manufactured structures based on a wide expanse of research. The end result is a thorough characterization of health and safety hazards in manufactured structures, along with mitigation strategies and discussions of opportunities for health/ safety enhancements and at-risk populations. Many of the hazards discussed in this report are not unique to manufactured structures, while other issues have been identified as particular problems for this form of housing. Further, when manufactured structures are used as interim housing following a disaster, additional health/safety issues can arise. The specific topics covered in this report are an introduction to manufactured structures, fire safety, moisture and mold, indoor air quality (IAQ), pests and pesticides, siting and installation, utilities, postdisaster housing, and potential opportunities for future enhancements. The health and safety hazards related to fire safety, moisture and mold, IAQ, pests and pesticides, and other issues generally fall into the categories of design, construction, and maintenance. Thus, for an issue like effective moisture management to prevent mold and related problems, strategies range from good product selection in the design phase to proper grading of the site during construction all the way to regular maintenance of the building envelope after many years of service. Most other health and safety hazards are similar in nature, with multiple parties playing an important role in managing risks from the design of the manufactured home through its use as a home for years to come. Fortunately, the challenges of managing health and safety risks in manufactured structures are well documented, along with appropriate strategies and solutions. This report documents and summarizes this information, with the intent of serving as a comprehensive resource to inform discussions and future decisions regarding the design, construction, maintenance, and deployment of manufactured structures in the United States. ; Glossary -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Fire safety -- 3. Moisture and mold -- 4. Indoor air quality -- 5. Pests and pesticides -- 6. Siting and installation -- 7. Utilities -- 8. Postdisaster housing: keeping safe and healthy -- 9. Potential opportunities -- References ; edited by Don Ryan, Liza Bowles. ; "218685-A." ; The manual was developed as a follow-up to the Safe and Healthy Manufactured Structures working meeting held on October 17, 2008. Meeting participants representing federal, state, and local government; community and environmental groups; industry; professional associations; and academic institutions reviewed and commented on formative materials for this document. ; On cover: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development. ; Available via the World Wide Web as an Acrobat .pdf file (2.92 MB, 108 p.). ; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development. Safety and health in manufactured structures. Atlanta: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; 2011.